2bfd4型花生覆膜播种机的设计与试验Word文档下载推荐.docx

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distancebetweenseedandfertilizerismm,sothesowingqualityofthepeanutmembraneplanteriswell,andall

testindexesreachesthestandardcriteria.

Keywords:

agriculturalmachinery,membranes,design,peanut,planter,profilingmechanism

doi：

number:

Documentcode:

AArticleID:

XuZhuxin,TianLizhong,ShangShuqi,etal.Designandexperimentof2BFD-4typepeanutmembraneplanter[J].

TransactionsoftheChineseSocietyofAgriculturalEngineeringTransactionsoftheCSAE,2012,:

13－17.

inEnglishwithChineseabstract

徐祝欣，田立忠，尚书旗，等.2BFD-4型花生覆膜播种机的设计与试验[J].农业工程学报，2012，28增刊2：

13－17.

0IntroductionPeanutisoneofthemajorfouroilcropsinthe

world,andwidelyusedasmedicineandindustry

material.Asanimportanteconomiccropwithhigh

nutritionalvalue,peanuthasbecomethepreponderant

cropandmainexportproduceinChina.Therefore,

peanutoccupiesanimportantplaceinthenational

economywiththeseadvantages.

However,duetolaggedresearchofpeanut

planterandthedisunityoftechniquestandard,the

operationefficiencyofpeanutplantingmechanization

islow.Therearemanyfactorswhichretardthe

developmentandapplicationofpeanutplanters,such

Receiveddate：

2012-06-13Reviseddate：

2012-09-23

Foundationitem：

SpecialFundforAgro-scientificResearchinthePublic

Interest8

Biography：

XuZhuxin1988－,female,majorinagriculturalmechanization

engineering,CollegeofMechanicalandElectricalEngineering,Qingdao

AgriculturalUniversity,266109.Email:

xuzhuxin123@126

※Correspondingauthor：

ShangShuqi1958－,male,Ph.D,professor,

memberoftheCSAEB05,majorinagriculturalmechanization

sqshang@aslowefficiencythattheplanteronlycanseedsingle

ordoublelines;

theseriousdamageofsoilcausedby

thefrequentlycompactionofthetractor;

thepoor

qualityandsinglefunctionofplanter[1].

Inordertoimprovetheseedingefficiencyand

qualityofpeanutplanter,the2BFD-4typeoftwo

ridgesandfourrowspeanutmembraneplanterwas

designed.Thestructureandoperatingprincipleofkey

components,forinstance,seed-meteringdevice,

opener,profilingmechanismandearth-covering

device,wereanalyzedanddesignedemphatically.

2BFD-4typepeanutmembraneplanteris

multifunctional,andwheninoperation,theworking

proceduresofridging,fertilizing,sowing,spraying,

filmmulchingandsoilcoveringcanbecompletedat

thesametime.Dutotheseadvantages,theoperation

efficiencyofplanterhasbeenimprovedgreatly,and

reducedthesoilcompactionaswell.Moreimportantly,

thequalityofplantingisgreatlyimprovedand

farmer’sincomefromitisgreatlyincreased.Allthese

willpromotethedevelopmentofagricultural

machineryinsomeextent.

农业工程学报2012年14

1Structureandoperationprincipleof

peanutmembraneplanter

Structureofpeanutmembraneplanter

2BFD-4typepeanutmembraneplanterprimarily

consistsofhitchframe,opener,profilingdevice,

ridgingdevice,meteringdevice,fertilizingdevice,

sprayingdevice,mulchingandearth-coveringdevice

andsoon.Asakindoftworidgesandfourrows

peanutplanter,itcanaccomplishtheprocessesof

ridging,fertilizing,sowing,spraying,mulchingand

soilcoveringatthesametime[2].

Note:

frameshoveltank

mechanism6.Fertilizationtankmeteringdevice

openercollectingbladediskopener

wheelplatebladerod

flatteningrollpressingwheeldisk

sealer

Thisplantercanimprovetheworkingperformance

greatlycomparedwiththeexistingplantersandthe

structureof2BFD-4typepeanutmembraneplanteris

illustratedin.

Asshownintheabovefigure,thedouble

plantingunitsofthispeanutmembraneplanterare

mountedontotheframewithtwoprofiling

mechanismsseparately,whichimprovetheflexibility

andadaptabilityofmeteringwhileplantingatthe

complicatedenvironmentconditions.

What’smore,inordertoavoidthemotion

interference,whichiscausedbythecollisionofthe

twoplantingunits,thetwostaggeredcylindrical

sealersofthispeanutplanterweredesigned.

Operationprincipleofpeanutmembraneplanter

Duringtheplantermoving,tworidgesare

formedunderthefunctionofridgingblades.The

knife-typeopenerditchesafertilizingfurrowinthe

middleofthetwoseedfurrowswhichareditchedby

thedoublediskopeners.Thefertilizingandmetering

devicesaredrivenbythegroundwheelsthrough

chains,andthenthefertilizerandseedsaresowed

uniformlyandseparatelyintothefurrows.Thenthe

coveringplateensurestheseedsandfertilizerare

coveredbysoil.Afterspraying,thefilmislayonthe

ridgewiththehelpoffilmflatteningroll,andthefilm

isplanishedbymulchpresswheel.Finally,the

cylindricalsealermakessoilcoveringonthefilm.

Maintechnicalparameters

Themaintechnicalparametersof2BFD-4type

peanutmembraneplanterareshownastable1.

Table1Maintechnicalparameters

IndexesParameter

OverallsizeL×

W×

Hmm/mm32200×

1150×

910

Powerrequirement/kW37～

Productivity/hm2?

h-1～

Filmwidth/mm800～900

Sowingdepth/mm30～50

Ridgespacing/mm270

Linespacing/mm270

Hillspacing/mm150、180、200、250

2Designofmainworkingparts

Designofseed-meteringdevice

Theseedmeteringdeviceisakeycomponentof

thepeanutplanter,andthequalityofitaffectsthe

performanceofthewholemachineseriously.The

inside-fillingmeter,whichhasmanyadvantagesof

adjustedconvenientlywiththesimplestructure,low

cost,andagoodabilityofexchanging,wasadoptedto

thispeanutplanterasaprecisionmeteringdevice.The

structureofinside-fillingmeteringdeviceisshownas

.Andthedouble-rowholesarearrangedtothe

plantingplateofthisinside-fillingmetertokeep

doublepeanutsintoperhill.

Shapeandsizeofholesaresignificanttothe

performanceofmeteringdeviceanddependonthe

sizeofpeanutseed.Thegravityofseedmustbekept

atthesupportingfaceofthehole,anditisstableif

andonlyifthereisoneseedinthehole.Toavoidmiss

seedingandrepeatseeding,thelength,width,and

depthoftheholeshouldbetimesthelengthof

seed.Ifthediameterofmeteringplateisdecreased

excessively,thetimeofseed-fillingwillbereduced,

andtherateofmissingseedingbeincreasedtoo[3-8].

Accordingtoabovefactors,thecontrast

experimentsweredonebychangingtheparametersof

themeteringdeviceattheexperimentplatformof

JPS-12meteringdevice.Theconclusionwasthatonly

增刊2徐祝欣等：

2BFD-4型花生覆膜播种机的设计与试验15

whenthespeedofoperationnearlywaskm/h,the

rotationspeedofplantingplatereachedto30r/min,

theheightofdroppingwas330mm,andthesizeof

holeswas37mm,themeteringperformancewas

optimized.

box2.Seeddiskretainershaft

A.protectingprogress,B.cleaningprogress,D.droppingprogress,C.filling

progress

Structureofinside-fillingmeteringdevice

Designofprofilingmechanism

Inordertoguaranteetheuniformityofseeding

depthandimprovetheadaptabilitywhiletheplanter

workingatthecomplicatedenvironmentconditions,a

profilingmechanismwithreasonablestructurewas

requiredtodesign.Theparallelfour-barmechanism

hasthebestprofilingeffect.Therefore,itiswidely

usedamongthemechanicalprofilingmechanismsof

sowingunits.

So,the2BFD-4typepeanutplanteradoptedthis

profilingmechanism,anditsstructureprincipleis

shownin.Basedonthemovementcharacteristics

oftheparallelogramlinkagemechanism,thedouble

diskopenerandtheknife-typeopener,whichare

rigidlyconnectedtothetensionrodBD,moveupand

downparallelly.Therefore,itmaintainsthe

penetrationangleofopenerinvariably,andalso

ensuresthedepthofsowingandfertilizingstably[9-10].

1.Knife-typeopenerdiskopenerwheel

Structureprincipleofprofilingmechanism

Designofopener

Theopenerplaysanimportantroleinpeanut

planterandthemainfunctionistoditchfurrowsin

ordertomakesurethatthefertilizerandseedswillbe

soweduniformlyandseparatelyintothefurrows.

Therearemanyrequirementsofopeners:

the

furrowsformedshouldkeepgoodstraightness,the

depthshouldbesameandconformtothe

requirementsofseeding,keepsoillayerfrom

confusing,keeptheopenerfromblocking,andthe

resistanceofopene