2bfd4型花生覆膜播种机的设计与试验Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、distance between seed and fertilizer is mm, so the sowing quality of the peanut membrane planter is well, and alltest indexes reaches the standard criteria.Key words: agricultural machinery, membranes, design, peanut, planter, profiling mechanismdoi： number: Document code: A Article ID: Xu Zhuxin, T

2、ian Lizhong, Shang Shuqi, et al. Design and experiment of 2BFD-4 type peanut membrane planterJ.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering Transactions of the CSAE, 2012, : 1317.in English with Chinese abstract徐祝欣，田立忠，尚书旗，等. 2BFD-4型花生覆膜播种机的设计与试验J. 农业工程学报，2012，28增刊2：1317.0 Introdu

3、ctionPeanut is one of the major four oil crops in theworld, and widely used as medicine and industrymaterial. As an important economic crop with highnutritional value, peanut has become the preponderantcrop and main export produce in China. Therefore,peanut occupies an important place in the nationa

4、leconomy with these advantages.However, due to lagged research of peanutplanter and the disunity of technique standard, theoperation efficiency of peanut planting mechanizationis low. There are many factors which retard thedevelopment and application of peanut planters, suchReceived date：2012-06-13

5、Revised date：2012-09-23Foundation item：Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the PublicInterest 8Biography：Xu Zhuxin 1988, female, major in agricultural mechanizationengineering, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, QingdaoAgricultural University, 266109. Email: xuzhuxin123126Cor

6、responding author：Shang Shuqi 1958, male, Ph. D, professor,member of the CSAE B05, major in agricultural mechanization sqshangas low efficiency that the planter only can seed singleor double lines; the serious damage of soil caused bythe frequently compaction of the tractor; the poorquality and sing

7、le function of planter1.In order to improve the seeding efficiency andquality of peanut planter, the 2BFD-4 type of tworidges and four rows peanut membrane planter wasdesigned. The structure and operating principle of keycomponents, for instance, seed-metering device,opener, profiling mechanism and

8、earth-coveringdevice, were analyzed and designed emphatically.2BFD-4 type peanut membrane planter ismultifunctional, and when in operation, the workingprocedures of ridging, fertilizing, sowing, spraying,film mulching and soil covering can be completed atthe same time. Du to these advantages, the op

9、erationefficiency of planter has been improved greatly, andreduced the soil compaction as well. More importantly,the quality of planting is greatly improved andfarmers income from it is greatly increased. All thesewill promote the development of agriculturalmachinery in some extent.农业工程学报 2012 年141

10、Structure and operation principle ofpeanut membrane planter Structure of peanut membrane planter2BFD-4 type peanut membrane planter primarilyconsists of hitch frame, opener, profiling device,ridging device, metering device, fertilizing device,spraying device, mulching and earth-covering deviceand so

11、 on. As a kind of two ridges and four rowspeanut planter, it can accomplish the processes ofridging, fertilizing, sowing, spraying, mulching andsoil covering at the same time2.Note: frame shovel tank mechanism 6. Fertilization tank metering device opener collecting blade disk opener wheel plate blad

12、e rod flattening roll pressing wheel disk sealerThis planter can improve the working performancegreatly compared with the existing planters and thestructure of 2BFD-4 type peanut membrane planter isillustrated in .As shown in the above figure, the doubleplanting units of this peanut membrane planter

13、 aremounted onto the frame with two profilingmechanisms separately, which improve the flexibilityand adaptability of metering while planting at thecomplicated environment conditions.Whats more, in order to avoid the motioninterference, which is caused by the collision of thetwo planting units, the t

14、wo staggered cylindricalsealers of this peanut planter were designed. Operation principle of peanut membrane planterDuring the planter moving, two ridges areformed under the function of ridging blades. Theknife-type opener ditches a fertilizing furrow in themiddle of the two seed furrows which are d

15、itched bythe double disk openers. The fertilizing and meteringdevices are driven by the ground wheels throughchains, and then the fertilizer and seeds are soweduniformly and separately into the furrows. Then thecovering plate ensures the seeds and fertilizer arecovered by soil. After spraying, the f

16、ilm is lay on theridge with the help of film flattening roll, and the filmis planished by mulch press wheel. Finally, thecylindrical sealer makes soil covering on the film. Main technical parametersThe main technical parameters of 2BFD-4 typepeanut membrane planter are shown as table 1.Table 1 Main

17、technical parametersIndexes ParameterOverall size LWH mm/mm3 22001150910Power requirement/kW 37Productivity/hm2?h-1 Film width/mm 800900Sowing depth/mm 3050Ridge spacing/mm 270Line spacing/mm 270Hill spacing/mm 150、180、200、2502 Design of main working parts Design of seed-metering deviceThe seed mete

18、ring device is a key component ofthe peanut planter, and the quality of it affects theperformance of the whole machine seriously. Theinside-filling meter, which has many advantages ofadjusted conveniently with the simple structure, lowcost, and a good ability of exchanging, was adopted tothis peanut

19、 planter as a precision metering device. Thestructure of inside-filling metering device is shown as. And the double-row holes are arranged to theplanting plate of this inside-filling meter to keepdouble peanuts into per hill.Shape and size of holes are significant to theperformance of metering devic

20、e and depend on thesize of peanut seed. The gravity of seed must be keptat the supporting face of the hole, and it is stable ifand only if there is one seed in the hole. To avoid missseeding and repeat seeding, the length, width, anddepth of the hole should be times the length ofseed. If the diamete

21、r of metering plate is decreasedexcessively, the time of seed-filling will be reduced,and the rate of missing seeding be increased too3-8.According to above factors, the contrastexperiments were done by changing the parameters ofthe metering device at the experiment platform ofJPS-12 metering device

22、. The conclusion was that only增刊 2 徐祝欣等：2BFD-4 型花生覆膜播种机的设计与试验 15when the speed of operation nearly was km/h, therotation speed of planting plate reached to 30 r/min,the height of dropping was 330 mm, and the size ofholes was 37 mm, the metering performance wasoptimized. box 2. Seed disk retainer sha

23、ftA. protecting progress, B. cleaning progress, D. dropping progress, C. fillingprogress Structure of inside-filling metering device Design of profiling mechanismIn order to guarantee the uniformity of seedingdepth and improve the adaptability while the planterworking at the complicated environment

24、conditions, aprofiling mechanism with reasonable structure wasrequired to design. The parallel four-bar mechanismhas the best profiling effect. Therefore, it is widelyused among the mechanical profiling mechanisms ofsowing units.So, the 2BFD-4 type peanut planter adopted thisprofiling mechanism, and

25、 its structure principle isshown in . Based on the movement characteristicsof the parallelogram linkage mechanism, the doubledisk opener and the knife-type opener, which arerigidly connected to the tension rod BD, move up anddown parallelly. Therefore, it maintains thepenetration angle of opener inv

26、ariably, and alsoensures the depth of sowing and fertilizing stably9-10. 1. Knife-type opener disk opener wheel Structure principle of profiling mechanism Design of openerThe opener plays an important role in peanutplanter and the main function is to ditch furrows inorder to make sure that the ferti

27、lizer and seeds will besowed uniformly and separately into the furrows.There are many requirements of openers: thefurrows formed should keep good straightness, thedepth should be same and conform to therequirements of seeding, keep soil layer fromconfusing, keep the opener from blocking, and theresistance of opene