商务英语翻译文档格式.docx

商务英语翻译文档格式.docx

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Expression

PartⅣ.Multi-expressions

TranslationTechniquesandMethods

•Part1Diction

PartⅡExtexsion

Conversion

PartⅣ.Amplification

Omission

Part

Division

TranslationofEnglishAttributiveClauses

TranslationTechniquesofEnglishPassiveVoice

TranslationofEnglishLongSentences

EnglishBusinessAbbreviationsandTheirTranslationintoChinese

TranslationofFigures

TranslationofPracticalWriting

（AppliedTranslation）

TranslationofOrganizationsandCompanyIntroduction

Translationofproductsdescriptions

TranslationofAdvertisements

TranslationofBusinessLetters

TranslationofPRDocumentsandBusinessReports

TranslationofContracts

IWhatIsTranslation

Translationis,essentially,thefaithfulrepresentation,inonelanguage,ofwhatiswrittenorsaidinanotherlanguage.Byfaithfulrepresentation,itismeantthattranslatingmustaimprimarilyatreproducingthemessageratherthanthekeepingoftheformoftheorginaltext.AsEnglishandChinesebelongtoentirelydifferentlanguagefamilies,thereisagreatdiscrepancybetweentheminculturalsetting,wayofthinking,expressions,diction,sentencesructures,sentenceorder,etc.Forachievingachievingfunctionalequivalence,thatis,equalityofmeanings,itoftenrequiresadjustmentoftheorginalform.

e.g.公司简介,公司结构,业务范围,公司历程

CoporateProfile/AboutUs;

OrganizationChart;

MajorBusinesses/BusinessLine;

History

Differentlanguageshavedifferentwaysofsayingthings.Forachievinggenuineequivalence,sometimeswehavetotransferfromoneformintoanother.Theaboveservesasareadyinstance.

Thereisanhourly

（1）shiftfromLondontoParis

（2）knownastheAirbus（3）capableofseating521people.

从伦敦到巴黎的航线上

（2）有一种称之为“空中公汽车”的客机，（3）能够乘坐521名乘客，

（1）每小时一航班。

Asimplesentenceasitis,theoriginalisabitcomplicatedinstructure,containingaparticipialphraseandanadjectivephrasecarryingmuchinformation.AsaChinesesentencetendstobeshortandlaconic,intranslationitisimpossibletokeeptheoriginalstructurebutnecessarytoseparateitintoseveralparts.Besides,asemphasisfallsonaction（shift）intheoriginalsentencewhichgoescontrarytotheusageofChinese,sothereshouldbearearrangementofsentenceorderintheverion.

Mattercanbeturnedintoenergyandenergy,matter.

物质能够转换成能量，能量能够转换成物质。

Youcanfindoutthewavelengthifyouknowthefrequency.

知道频率，就可以求出波长。

我今天准备吃食堂。

I’mgoingtohavemymealsinthedininghall.

Intheabovethreeexamples,toreproducetheclosestnaturalequivalent,someadjustments,includingamplification,omissionandconversion,areneeded.

Typesoftranslation:

1）accordingtoscope

full

partialtranslation

2）accordingtobasicmethods

free

literal

word-for-wordtranslation

（foreignization、domestication）

3）accordingtowayofwork

translationtranslator

interpretationinterpreter

4）accordingtomaterial

scientific

literary

documentarytranslation

translationofpracticalwriting（includingBusinessEnglish,TourismEnglishetc.）

5）linguisticelements

theoriginal（source）

target（receptor）language

II.Translationisthecombinationofscienceandart

Translation,ononehand,hasmuchtodowithlinguistics,rhetorics,psychology,sociology,semiotics,etc,andshouldbegovernedbytheirrules.Forinstance,indoingtranslationwehavetofollowtheprinciplesandwayofworkoflinguisticstostudywordsandanalysestructures.Onanotherhand,itseeksthehelpofpersons’inspiration,appreciationandartisticaccomplishment.

Asaresultoftheabovetwofactors,itcanbeseenthattranslationisnoeasythingtodo,requringpainstakingefforts,evenifwhatwetranslateisasimplesentence.

e.g.Hesentmeanoteofwelcome,assunnyashisface.

他送给我一封短信，对我表示欢迎；

那信写得热情洋溢，一如其人。

Asimplesentenceasitis,itisnoteasytounderstandit,includingtherealordeepmeaningof“note”and“sunny”,astheformerisapolysemouswordandthelaterisafigurativeone.Wehavetomakesuretheexactmeaningof“note”（ashortletter）accordingtothecontextandtodigouttheextendedmeaningof“sunny”（warm）here.

Besides,wehavealsotocomprehendthefunctionof“of”inthissentence.

c.f.abookofmine;

thecityofNewYork;

theoverthrowofthatreactionarygovernment.

Ⅱ.）Effective（Meaningful）translationispossiblebecause

A..humanexperienceismuchalikethroughouttheworld.Everyoneeats,sleeps,works,isrelatedtofamilies,experienceslove,hatred,jealousy,etc,iscapableofloyaltyandfriendshipandemploysmanyfacialgestureswhicharealmostuniversal（laughing,smiling,frowning,etc.）Infact,whatpeopleofdifferentcultureshaveincommonisfargreaterthanwhatseparatesthemfromoneanother.Thatis,thereisnormalorstandardbehaviorbetweenlanguages.

B.peopletendtothinkmuchthesamewaythoughtheyhavedifferentcultures.Theyfollowthesametrainofthoughtandtrytobereasonableinwritingortalk.Theyhavethecapacitytoimaginewhatotherpeoplethinkandact,and

C.differentLanguageshavedifferentforms,buttheyenjoythesameeffect.Inotherwords,differentformscanbeusedtosuggestthesameobject,ideas,etc.Forexample,theEnglishword“school”anditsChineseequivalent“学校”　aredifferentinformbutareusedforexpressingthesameidea,namely,“aplaceforpeople,usuallychildren,tolearn.

.WhatIsBusinessEnglish?

TheEnglishconcrenedwithvariousfieldsofcommercialactivitiessuchasthetechnologytransfer,foreigntrade,theintroductionofforeigninvestment,internationalfinancing,transnationaltourism,internationaltransportation,isasawholecalledbusinessEnglish.BusinessEnglishletters,contracts,telexesandtelegrams,documents,advertisementsallbelongtothiscategory.

BusinessEnglishisabranchofspecialEnglishinuseandanapplicationofEnglishinbusinessoccasion.ItisclassifiedbymanylinguistsintoEnglishforSpecialPurposes（ESP）.

.LanguageFeaturesofBusinessEnglish

）.BusinessEnglishmainlybelongstoexpositorywriting,givingexplanation,illustration,classification,instructiondefinition,etc.

andpresentinginformation,facts,figures,numbers,terms,…beingobjectiveandimpersonal

e.g.”Deliverydate”meanstheseconddayofthedeadline　oftheoperationperiod.

“转让日期”指运行期最后一天的第二天.（definition）

Acontractshallbeanagreementwherebythepartiesestablish,changeorterminatetheircivilrelationship.

合同是当事人之间设立、变更、终止民事关系的协议。

（definition）

Businessisacombinationofalltheseactivities：

production．distributionandsale，throughwhichprofitoreconomicsurpluswillbecreated.

商务是指生产、配送、销售等一切活动的组合，通过这些活动，创造利润和经济盈余。

TheresultingGeneralLedgersubsystemhasfourparts:

entryprocessing,financialreporting,accountdetailinquiryandperiodendprocessing.

因而总帐的子系统包括四部分：

记录处理、财务报告、帐户详细查询、期末处理。

（classification）

Generallyspeaking,telegramscanbedividedintotwokinds:

PlainLanguageTelegramsandCodeLanguageTelegrams.

一般而言，电报可分为两种：

明语电报和电码电报。

ThiscontractismadeoutinduplicateinChineseandinEnglishLanguage,oneChineseoriginalcopyandoneEnglishoriginalcopyforeachparty,bothtextbeingequallyauthentic.

本合同用中文和英文书就,一式二份,双方各执一份中文正本和一份英文正本。

两种文本具有同等效力。

（illustration）

Inlanguage,thereisthewideuseofsimplepresenttense,passivevoice,“it”structure…

e.g.Itisheld/suggested/admitted/acknowledged…

ItisexpectedthattheFranchiseeshouldunderstandandsupportallcorporategoals.

期待特许加盟人理解、支持公司所有的目标

Itissuggestedthatthisyear’sannualmeetingofourcompanybeputofftillnextmonth.

建议敝公司本年度年会延期至下月举行。

）.Beingspecialized

BusinessEnglishisthecombinationofEnglishandtheknowledgeofmanybranchesoflearning,suchasmarketing,economics,finance,accountancyandmanagement,asaresultofwhichthereisaheavyuseofrelatedtechnicalterms（includingconversionofcommonwords）.

anoutstandingcheque

未兑现支票

“Outstanding”incommonEnglishmeans“excellent”or“remarkable”,butinfinancialEnglishitsuggests“unpaid”.Thefollowingsaresimilarexamples.

futures/drugs/buy

期货、滞销货、便宜货

e.g.ForceMajeure（不可抗力），draftatsight（即期汇票），Letterofcredit（信用证），Billoflading（提单），documentsagainstacceptance（承兑交单），Billofexchange（汇票）fixedcapital（固定资本）

offer（发盘）;

afirmoffer（实盘）;

counteroffer（还盘）

Quotation,pricelist,proformainvoiceandsoforthallbebeusedinan“offer”.

报价单，价格单，形式发票等都可以用作“发盘”。

offer（要约）;

offerer（要约人）;

offeree（受要约人）;

accept（承诺）；

acceptor（承诺人）；

acceptee（接受承诺人）

Beingthebestmeansensuringthatourowner/operators,employees,andsuppliersreflectandrepresentthediversepopulationsMcDonald’sservesaroundtheworld.

（成为最佳）还意味着确保我们的业主/经营者、雇员、供应商能折射出并代表麦当劳全球服务各式各样的人群状况。

）.Formalandstandardinstyle

A.Beingcomplete,longandcomplicatedinsentencestructure

e.g.Withaviewtoexpandinginternationaleconomiccooperationandtechnologicalexchange,thePeople’RepublicofChinapermitsforeigncompanies,enterprices,andothereconomicorganizationsorindividualstoestablishequityjointventurestogetherwithChinesecompanies,enterprises,orothereconomicorganization