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Whereareyou?
Iamonthetrain.
Where’syourmum?
She’satthesupermarket.
6.对原因提问用why
Whyareyouwearingaraincoat?
Becauseit’sgoingtorain.
7.对身体状况或方式提问用how
Howareyou?
I’mfine.
Howareyougoingtogotoschool?
I’mgoingtogotoschoolbybus.
8.对价钱或不可数名词的数量提问用howmuch
Howmuchisit?
It’sthirteendollarsandtwenty-fivecents.
Howmuchmilkdoyouwant?
Iwanttwobottlesofmilk.
9.对可数名词的数量提问用howmany
Howmanybooksarethereonthedesk?
Therearethreebooksonthedesk.
10.对年龄提问用howold
Howoldareyou?
I’mtwelve.
11.对“某人的”提问用whose
Whosecapisthis?
It’sAmy’scap.
Whosepenisthat?
It’shispen.
12.对颜色提问用whatcolour
Whatcolourisit?
It’sblack.
13.对星期提问用whatday
Whatdayisittoday?
It’sMonday.
特殊疑问句语序：
疑问词+一般疑问句语序？
疑问词（做主语）+谓语动词+……?
二．时态
1.一般过去时
表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
经常与表示过去的时间连用。
如yesterday（昨天）,lastweek（上周）,lastmonth（上个月）,lastyear（去年）,twomonthsago（两个月前）等。
构成：
（1）肯定句：
主语+动词过去式+……
Hemadeavideo.
否定句：
主语+didn'
t+动词原形+……
Hedidn’tmakeavideo.
一般疑问句：
Did+主语+动词原形+…….?
Didhemakeavideo?
（2）be动词用was,were.否定句在was,were后加not.一般疑问句把was,were提前到句首。
ShewasborninAmerica.
ShewasnotborninAmerica.
WassheborninAmerica?
2.现在进行时
表示现在正在进行的动作
主语+am/is/are+现在分词+……
Thebirdsaresinginginthetrees.
否定句在am/is/are后加not.
Thebirdsarenotsinginginthetrees.
一般疑问句把am/is/are提前到句首。
Arethebirdssinginginthetrees?
3.一般将来时
表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。
经常与表示将来的时间连用。
如tomorrow（明天）,nextweek（下周）,nextyear（明年）等。
（1）主语+will+动词原形+……
Hewillpickuptheapples.
否定句在will后加not.
Hewillnotpickuptheapples.
一般疑问句把will提前到句首。
Willhepickuptheapples?
（2）主语+begoingto+动词原形+……
WearegoingtostudyFrench.
WearenotgoingtostudyFrench.
AreyougoingtostudyFrench?
4.一般现在时
表示经常性，习惯性的动作或存在的状态。
（1）主语+am/is/are+……
否定句在am/is/are后加not.一般疑问句把am/is/are提前到句首。
HelenKellerisamodelforblindpeopleandforyouandme.
（2）肯定句：
主语+动词原形+……
Theduckslikeit.
主语+don'
Theducksdon’tlikeit.
Do+主语+动词原形+…….?
Dotheduckslikeit?
（3）肯定句：
主语（三单）+动词第三人称单数形式+……
Simon’sdogcomesin.
否定句：
主语+doesn'
Simon’sdogdoesn’tcomein.
一般疑问句：
Does+主语+动词原形+…….?
DoesSimon’sdogcomein?
三．动词过去式形式
规则动词的过去式构成
1.一般在动词词尾加ed
如：
work---workedplay---playedwatch--watched
2.以e结尾动词在词尾加d
live---lived
3.以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，把y变为i再加ed
study---studiedcopy---copiedcry---criedcarry---carried
4.有些动词双写最后一个字母再加ed，
stop---stoppeddrop---dropped
5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。
动词原形动词过去式动词原形动词过去式
gowentcomecame
becomebecamebringbrought
saysaidputput
teachtaughtcancould
readreadgivegave
am/iswasarewere
dodidflyflew
havehadmakemade
runranseesaw
riderodewinwon
getgottelltold
eatatesendsent
taketookbuybought
sitsatmeetmet
writewrotedrawdrew
swimswamflyflew
drinkdrankgivegave
ringrang
四．动词ing形式也是现在分词形式
现在分词的构成规则
1.一般在动词词尾直接加“ing”
sleep---sleepinglook---lookingwear---wearing
send---sendingeat---eatingsing---singing
go---goingjump---jumpingplay---playing
2.以不发音的e结尾的动词要去掉e再加上“ing”
write---writingcome---comingride---riding
have---havingmake---makingshine---shiningtake---takingclose--closing
3.有些动词双写最后一个字母再加“ing”
get---gettingput---puttingsit---sitting
run---runningswim---swimming
skip---skippingshop---shopping
五．动词第三人称单数形式
动词第三人称单数的构成规则
1．大多数动词在词尾加“S”.
stop－stopsmake－makesread－reads
play－playssay[sei]－says[sez]
2．以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es”
fly－fliescarry－carriesstudy－studiesworry－worries
3．以“s,x,sh，ch,o”结尾，在词尾加“es”.
teach－teacheswatch－watchesgo—goesdo--does
六．祈使句
表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等。
祈使句的主语you通常省略，而是以动词原形开头。
Becareful.Bequiet.Lookattheballoons.Standup.
Pleasestandinline.Let’sgounderthattree.
Don’tworry.Don’ttalkinthelibrary.
七．Therebe句型表示某地或某时间有某物。
Thereis后加单数名词或者不可数名词。
Thereare后加可数名词的复数形式。
Therearetenpencilsinthebluebox.
Thereweren’tanybusesmanyyearsago.
ThereisaChinatowninNewYork.
Therewasasmallhousefouryearsago.
Thereissomewaterinthebottle.
---Istherealetterforme?
---Yes,thereis.
八．情态动词can过去式could后加动词原形
Icancarrythisbag.Icanhelpyou.
Wecanalwaysbefriends.Latershecouldreadandwrite.
否定句在can,could后加not
cannot=can’tcouldnot=couldn’t
Ican’tcarryeverything.
Hisfriendscan’thearhim.
Shecouldn’tseeandshecouldn’thear.
一般疑问句把can,could提前到句首。
Canyouswim?
Yes,Ican./No,Ican’t.
九．havegot意思是“有”第三人称单数形式hasgot
否定形式在have,has后加not
一般疑问句形式把have,has提前到句首
DaminghasgotaChinesekite.
Ihavegotsomechopsticks.
HaveyougotanystampsfromChina?
Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t
一十．1.介词后加动词ing形式
It’sforplayingbaseball.
2.说某种语言用speak
WearegoingtospeakChinese.IcanspeakEnglish.
3.辅音音素前用a,元音音素前用an
ahotdogacaranhouranicecreamanappleanorange
4.想做某事wanttodosomething
Whatdoyouwanttoeat?
Whatdoyouwanttodrink?
想让某人做某事wantsomebodytodosth
Iwantedyoutobringthebaseballcaps.
5.be动词包括am,is,are.用法我接am你接are，is跟着他她它。
单数不可数用is,复数用are.
IaminClassOne.YouareinClassTwo.HeisinClassThree.
Ourpicniciswet.Mynewspaperisflyingaway.
Theseducksareverynoisy.Theorangesarefalling.
6.询问天气用What’stheweatherlike?
或者Howistheweather?
描述天气用动词或者be+表示天气的形容词
It’sgoingtosnowinHarbin.It’sgoingtorainsoon.
It’sgoingtobesunnytomorrow.
7.在星期几，具体的某一天用on
IhadaveryfunnydayonSaturday.
onTeachers’Day
8.look表示看，看起来lookat表示看某物某人see表示看见
lookoutof往……外看
Look!
Heisrunning.Itlooksgood.Icanseeyou.
Wearelookingatsomeducks.Iamlookingoutofthewindow.
9.名词所有格表示某人的，一般在名词词尾加’s.
I’mmakingDaming’sbirthdaycard.
10.球类前不加the,乐器前加the
Damingisplayingthetrumpet.
I’mgoingtoplayfootballwithmyfriends.
11.在某年，某月，某季节，在上午，下午，晚上用in
inOctober2003in1809inspring
inthemorningintheafternoonintheevening
14.beproudof为…….感到自豪
Hewasveryproudofhim.
15.许多的lotsof等于alotof后加复数名词或者不可数名词
many后加复数名词much后加不可数名词
lotsofpeoplelotsofmistakesmanybooksmuchmilk
16.What’sthematter?
怎么了？
17.在某一时刻用at
Wearegoingtohaveapartyathalfpastsix.
18.let’s等于letus后加动词原形
Let’sgo.Let’ssendanemailtoDad.
19.Hereyouare.给你！
20.some用于肯定句中，any用于否定句和疑问句中
Iamsendingsomephotos.
Thereweren’tanytelevisionsmanyyearsago.
20.too当“也”用时，放在句尾。
Thecolaisfalling,too.
too还可以当“太”讲It’stoobigforyou.
toomany太多Therearetoomanybooksonthedesk.
21.Thankyoufor…….
Thankyouforyouremail.Thankyoufortalkingtous.
22.Whatabout……?
等于Howabout……?
后加名词，代词宾格，动词ing形式。
Whataboutchopsticks?
Howaboutyou?
Whataboutswimming?
23.buysth.forsb.=buysb.sth.给某人买某物
Iboughtyouabook.=Iboughtabookforyou.
23.givesth.tosb.=givesb.sth.给某人某物
PleasegivethesepencilstoAmy.=PleasegiveAmythesepencils.
24.learntodosth学会做某事
Helenlearnedtospeak.Latershelearnedtoread.
25.喜欢做某事likedoingsth.
Ilikecollectingstamps.Helikesplayingthetrumpet.
26.bereadyfor为…..做好准备
Areyoureadyforyourtriptomorrow?
27.---Happybirthdaytoyou.---Thankyou.
28.---Thankyouverymuch.---Youarewelcome./That’sallright.
29.---I’msorry.---Itdoesn’tmatter./Notatall./That’sallright.
That’sallright.=That’sokay/OK.
30.---Nicetomeetyou.---Nicetomeetyou,too.
31.---Howareyou?
---I’mfine,thankyou.
32.---Howdoyoudo?
---Howdoyoudo?
33.---Wouldyouliketocometoschoolwithus?
---Yes,I’dloveto.
34.---Wouldyoulikesomejuice?
---Yes,please.
---Wouldyoulikesomebread?
---No,thanks.
35.---What’sthedatetoday?
---It’sJune1.
36.---CanIaskyousomequestions?
---Yes,ofcourse.
十一．小学英语分类单词和词组
天气：
rain下雨snow下雪rainy有雨的snowy有雪的
hot炎热的cold寒冷的warm温暖的cool凉爽的
windy有风的sunny晴朗的
食物：
hamburger汉堡hotdog热狗sandwich三明治chip薯条chicken鸡肉fish鱼肉meat肉noodles面条rice面条
soup汤cake蛋糕bread面包cheese奶酪
vegetable蔬菜fruit水果sausage香肠biscuit饼干
sweets糖果icecream冰激凌peanut花生
饮料：
milk牛奶tea茶orangejuice橙汁coffee咖啡
cola可乐water水juice果汁
颜色：
red红色的green绿色的yellow黄色的black黑色的white白色的orange橙色的blue蓝色的purple紫色的pink粉红色的
星期：
Monday星期一Tuesday星期二Wednesday星期三
Thursday星期四Friday星期五Saturday星期六Sunday星期日
月份：
January一月February二月March三月April四月May五月June六月July七月August八月September九月October十月November十一月December十二月
季节：
spring春天summer夏天autumn秋天winter冬天
数字：
one一two二three三four四five五six六seven七eight八nine九ten十eleven十一twelve十二thirteen十三fourteen十四fifteen十五sixteen十六seventeen十七eighteen十八nineteen十九twenty二十thirty三十forty四十fifty五十sixty六十seventy七十eighty八十ninety九十onehundred一百
衣服：
T-shirtT恤衫dress裙子sweater毛衣trousers裤子skirt短裙sock袜子shoe鞋coat外套，上衣
动物：
cat猫
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