考研英语一真题第815套文档格式.docx

考研英语一真题第815套文档格式.docx

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17,theFSAsaysitisnottellingpeopletocutoutroastfoods18,butreducetheirlifetimeintake．Howeverits19riskscomingacrossasbeingpushyandoverprotective．Constanthealthscaresjust20withnoonelistening．

1．[A]In[B]Towards[C]on[D]Till

2．[A]match[B]express[C]satisfy[D]influence

3．[A]patience[B]enjoyment[C]surprise[D]concem

4．[A]intensified[B]privileged[C]compelled[D]guaranteed

5．[A]issued[B]received[C]ignored[D]cancelled

6．[A]under[B]at[C]for[D]by

7．[A]forget[B]regret[C]finish[D]avoid

8．[A]partially[B]regularly[C]easily[D]initially

9．[A]Unless[B]Since[C]If[D]While

10．[A]secondary[B]extermal[C]conclusive[D]negative

11．[A]insufficient[B]bound[C]likely[D]slow

12．[A]Onthebasisof[B]Atthecostof[C]Inadditionto[D]Incontrastto

13．[A]interesting[B]advisable[C]urgent[D]fortunate

14．[A]Asusual[B]Inparticular[C]Bydefinition[D]Afterall

15．[A]resemblance[B]combination[C]connection[D]pattern

16．[A]made[B]served[C]saved[D]used

17．[A]Tobefair[B]Forinstance[C]Tobebrief[D]Ingeneral

18．[A]reluctantly[B]entirely[C]gradually[D]carefully

19．[A]promise[B]experience[C]campaign[D]competition

20．[A]followup[B]pickup[C]openup[D]endup

答案：

（1-20）

1．on

2．match

3．enjoyment

4．intensified

5．issued

6．at

7．avoid

8．easily

9．while

10．conclusive

11．bound

12．onthebasisof

13．advisable

14．afterall

15．connection

16．served

17．tobefair

18．entirely

19．campaign

20．endup

【阅读】

SectionIIIReadingComprehension

PartADirections:

Readthefollowingfourtexts．AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD．MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET．（40points）

Text1

AgroupoflabourMPs,amongthemYvetteCooper,arebringinginthenewyearwithacalltoinstituteaUK"

townofculture"

award．Theproposalisthatitshouldsitalongsidetheexistingcityofculturetitle,whichwasheldbyHullin2017andhasbeenawardedtoCoventryforZozl．CooperandhercolleaguesarguethatthesuccessofthecrownforHull,whereitbroughtin220mofinvestmentandanavalacheofarts,outnottobeconfinedtocities．Britain'

town,itistruearenotpreventedfromapplying,buttheygenerallylacktheresourcestoputtogetherabittobeattheirbiggercompetitions．Atownofcultureawardcould,itisargued,becomeanannualevent,attractingfundingandcreatingjobs．

SomemightseetheproposalasaboobyprizeforthefactthatBritainisnolongerbeabletoapplyforthemuchmoreprestigioustitleofEuropeancapitalofculture,asought-afterawardbaggedbyGlasgowin1990andLivorpoolin2008．"

AcynicmightspeculatethattheUKisonthevergeofdisappearingintoanendlessfeverofself-celebrationinitsdesperationtoreinventitselfforthepost-Brexitworld:

aftertownofculture,whoknowsthatwillfollow-villageofculture?

Suburbofculture?

Hamletofculture?

Itisalsowisetorecallthatsuchtitlesarenotacure-all．Abadlyrun"

yearofculture"

washesinandoutofaplacelikethetide,bringingprominenceforaspellbutleavingnolastingbenefitstothecommunity．Thereallysuccessfulholdersofsuchtitlesarethosethatdoagreatdealmorethanfillhotelbedroomsandbringinhigh-profileartseventsandgoodpressforayear．Theytransformtheaspirationsofthepeoplewholivethere;

theynudgetheself-imageofthecityintoabolderandmoreoptimisticlight．

Itishardtogetright,andrequiresaremarkabledegreeofvision,aswellascooperationbetweencityauthorities,theprivatesector,communitygroupsandculturalorganisations．Butitcanbedone:

Glasgow'

syearasEuropeancapitalofculturecancertainlybeseenasoneofcomplexseriesoffactorsthathaveturnedthecityintothepowerofart,musicandtheatrethatitremainstoday．

A"

couldbenotjustabouttheartsbutabouthonouringatown'

speculiarities-helpingsustainitshighstreet,supportinglocalfacilitiesandaboveallcelebratingitspeopleandturnitintoaction．

21．Cooperandhercolleaguesarguethata"

awardcould

[A]consolidatethetown-citytiesinBritain．

[B]promotecooperationamongBritain'

stowns．

[C]increasetheeconomicstrengthofBritain'

[D]focusBritain'

slimitedresourcesonculturalevents．

22．AccordingtoParagraph2,theproposalmightberegardedbysomeas

[A]asensiblecompromise．

[B]aself-deceivingattempt．

[C]aneye-cotchingbonus．

[D]aninaccessibletarget．

23．Theauthorsuggeststhatatitleholderissuccessfulonlyifit

[A]endeavourstomaintainitsimage．

[B]meetstheaspirationsofitspeople．

[C]bringsitslocalartstoprominence．

[D]commitstoitslong-termgrowth．

24．GlasgowismentionedinParagraph3topresent

[A]acontrastingcase．

[B]asupportingexample．

[C]abackgroundstory．

[D]arelatedtopic．

25．Whatistheauthor'

sattitudetowardstheproposal?

[A]Skeptical

[B]Objective

[C]Favourable

[D]Critical

（21-25）

21．DfocusBritain'

22．Baself-deceivingattempt．

23．Dcommitstoitslong-termgrowth．

24．Basupportingexample．

25．CFavourable．

Text2

Scientificpublishinghaslongbeenalicencetoprintmoney,Scientistsneedjournalsinwhichtopublishtheirresearch,sotheywillsupplythearticleswithoutmonetaryreward．Otherscientistsperformthespecialisedworkofpeerreviewalsoforfree,becauseitisacentralelementintheacquisitionofstatusandtheproductionofscientificknowledge．

Withthecontentofpaperssecuredforfree,thepublisherneedsonlyfindamarketforitsjournal．Untilthiscentury,universitylibrarieswerenotverypricesensitive．Scientificpublishersroutinelyreportprofitmarginsapproaching40%ontheiroperations,atatimewhentherestofthepublishingindustryisinanexistentialcrisis．

TheDutchgiantElsevier,whichclaimstopublish25%ofthescientificpapersproducedintheworld,madeprofitsofmorethanf900mlastyear,whileUKuniversitiesalonespentmorethanf210min2016toenableresearcherstoaccesstheirownpubliclyfundedresearch;

bothfiguresseemtoriseunstoppablydespiteincreasinglydesperateeffortstochangethem．Themostdrastic,andthoroughlyillegal,reactionhasbeentheemergenceofSci-Hub,akindofglobalphotocopierforscientificpapers,setupin2012,whichnowclaimstoofferaccesstoeverypaywalledarticlepublishedsince2015．ThesuccessofSci-Hub,whichreliesonresearcherspassingoncopiestheyhavethemselveslegallyaccessed,showsthelegalecosystemhaslostlegitimacyamongitsusersandmustbetransformedsothatitworksforallparticipants．

InBritainthemovetowardsopenaccesspublishinghasbeendrivenbyfundingbodies．Insomewaysithasbeenverysuccessful．MorethanhalfofallBritishscientificresearchisnowpublishedunderopenaccessterms;

eitherfreelyavailablefromthemomentofpublication,orpaywalledforayearormoresothatthepublisherscanmakeaprofitbeforebeingplacedongeneralrelease．

Yetthenewsystemhasnotworkedoutanycheaperfortheuniversities．Publishershaverespondedtothedemandthattheymaketheirproductfreetoreadersbychargingtheirwritersfeestocoverthecostsofpreparinganarticle．Theserangefromaround500to$5,000．Areportlastyearpointedoutthatthecostsbothofsubscriptionsandofthese"

articlepreparationcosts"

hadbeensteadilyrisingatarateaboveinflation．

Insomewaysthescientificpublishingmodelresemblestheeconomyofthesocialinternet:

labourisprovidedfreeinexchangeforthehopeofstatus,whilehugeprofitsaremadebyafewbigfirmswhorunthemarketplaces．Inbothcases,weneedarebalancingofpower．

26．Scientificpublishingisseenas"

alicencetoprintmoney"

partlybecause

[A]itsfundinghasenjoyedasteadyincrease．

[B]itsmarketingstrategyhasbeensuccessful．

[C]itspaymentforpeerreviewisreduced．

[D]itscontentacquisitioncostsnothing．!

27．AccordingtoParagraphs2and3,scientificpublishersElsevierhave

[A]thrivedmainlyonuniversitylibraries．

[B]gonethroughanexistentialcrisis．

[C]revivedthepublishingindustry．

[D]financedresearchersgenerously．

28．Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutth