大学英语跨文化交际 全套课件.pptx

大学英语跨文化交际 全套课件.pptx

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,大学英语跨文化交际,Chapter1Culture,ChapterOutline,ThenatureofcultureThedefinitionofcultureThecharacteristicsofcultureCulturalidentityCultureswithinculture,Lead-inCase:

AnInterviewinIndia,Readthecaseandconsiderthequestionsintherightcolumn.1.Istheintervieweeproudofherculture?

Why?

2.WhatelsedoyouknowaboutIndianculture?

3.IftheprogramproducercomestoChinatomaketheprogram,howdoyouthinkaChineseintervieweewillanswerthequestionsraisedbythehost?

Trytorole-playitwithyourpartner.,TextA:

TheNatureofCulture,Thinkaboutthefollowingsimilesandmetaphors,howdoyouthinkcultureisrelatedtothereferences?

1.Cultureislikeaniceberg.2.Cultureisoursoftware.3.Cultureislikethewaterafishswimsin.4.Cultureisthegrammarofourbehavior.,1.CultureIsLikeAnIceberg,艺术、文学、戏剧、古典音乐、流行音乐等。

民族舞蹈、游戏、烹饪、服饰,谦虚的概念、审美观、教育子女的理念、对后代的规范、宇宙观、与动物的关系、上下级的关系模式、如何定义罪孽、求爱的方式、公平的概念、工作的动机、领导的概念、工作的速度、集体决策的模式、洁净的概念、对于独立的态度、疾病的理论、解决问题的方法、对于地位稳定性的理解、眼神交流、与年龄、性别、阶层、职业、亲情等有关的角色认识、对于不安全的定义、友谊的本质、对于“自我”的定义、视觉感知模式、肢体语言、面部表情、对于逻辑和效度的理解、处理情感的方式、不同社会情景下交谈模式、对于过去和未来的看待方式、对于时间的安排、对于竞争或合作的喜好、社交比率、青春期的概念、对于空间的利用等。

1.CultureIsLikeAnIceberg,Someoftheelementsarevisible,whilemostarenot.Powerfulfoundationlikehistory,norms,values,beliefsaboutspace,nature,time,etc.Thevisiblepartsaretheexpressionsoftheinvisibleparts.Itisdifficulttounderstandpeoplewithdifferentculturalbackgrounds.,2.CultureIsOurSoftware,2.CultureIsOurSoftware,Thephysicalbodyislikethehardwareofacomputer.Itisprogrammedbyourhomeculture.Aninfantlearnshowtobehumaninaculturallyspecificway.Wearevaguelyawareofthe“software”asweuseit.,3.CultureIsLiketheWateraFishSwimsIn,3.CultureIsLiketheWateraFishSwimsIn,Humancannotlivewithoutculture.Cultureiswhattheworldislikeforus.Wetakeforgrantedtheculturewherewelivein.,4.CultureIstheGrammarofOurBehavior,Wehaverulesindoingthingswhichislikegrammarinlanguage.Weapplytherulesautomaticallyandunconsciously.,WhatdoesawhitesarisymbolizeinIndia?

AndintheWest?

CUSTOMS:

WHITEDRESS?

AccordingtoTheConciseOxfordDictionary,cultureis“theartsandothermanifestationsofhumanintellectualachievementregardedcollectively”.,TextB,DefiningCulturefromtheAnthropologicalPerspectiveDefiningCulturefromthePsychologicalPerspectiveDefiningCulturefromtheSociologicalPerspectiveDefiningCulturefromtheInterculturalPerspectiveOurDefinitionofCulture,1.DefiningCulturefromtheAnthropologicalPerspective,“Cultureconsistsofpatterns,explicitandimplicit,ofandforbehavioracquiredandtransmittedbysymbols,constitutingthedistinctiveachievementofhumangroups,includingtheirembodimentsinartifacts;theessentialcoreofcultureconsistsoftraditionalideasandespeciallytheirattachedvalues”.-KroeberandKluckhohn,2.DefiningCulturefromthePsychologicalPerspective,cultureisthecollectiveprogrammingofthemindwhichdistinguishesthemembersofonecategoryofpeoplefromanother.-GeertHofstede,3.DefiningCulturefromtheSociologicalPerspectiveAccordingtothesocialscientists:

“Cultureisdefinedasapatternoflearned,group-relatedperceptionincludingbothverbalandnonverballanguages,attitudes,values,beliefsystem,disbeliefsystems,andbehavior”.,Activity:

KeywordsFindoutthekeywordssharedbythethreedefinitionsabove.Writethemdownandtrytomakeupyourowndefinitionofcultureaccordingtothekeywords.Keywords:

“Cultureisasystemofsharedbeliefs,values,customs,behavioursandartifactsthataretransmittedfromgenerationtogenerationthroughlearning.”BatesandPlog,4.DefiningCulturefromtheInterculturalPerspective,Howhaveforeignculturesinfluencedyou?

Areyouadaptabletosomebasicchangesinyourlife?

Wedefinecultureas“thedepositofknowledge,experience,beliefs,values,actions,attitudes,hierarchies,religions,notionsoftime,roles,spatialrelations,conceptsoftheuniverse,andartifactsacquiredbyagroupofpeopleinthecourseofgenerationsthroughindividualandgroupstriving.”,CONCLUSION:

CULTUREISAMANSSECONDNATUREAWAYOFOVERCOMINGVULNERABILITACQUIREDTHROUGHSOCIALIZATIONTHUS,MANISTHEPRODUCEROFCULTURANDTHEPRODUCTOFCULTURE,Fourdefinitionsof“Culture”,I,S_,P_,A,ADAPTIVE,PERVASIVE,INTEGRATED,DYNAMIC,LEARNED,CULTUREIS,TextCTheCharacteristicsofCulture,1.CultureIsLearne,d,Activity:

GroupWorkHaveyoulearnedculturethroughtheabovechannels?

Discusswithyourgroupmembersandgiveexamplesofyourownexperiencesoflearningculture.,2.CultureIsDynamic,Activity:

ExploringIdeasDoyouknowanyothereventsthathavegreatinfluenceonculture?

Tellyourpartnerhowthefollowingeventschangedculture.1.Chinaspolicyofreformandopening-up2.TheUnitedStatesenteringWWII3.TheatomicbombinginJapaninWWII,3.CultureIsPervasive,Liketheairwebreathe,culturepenet