高级英语Lesson14SpeechonHitler’sInvasionoftheU.S.S.R.ppt

高级英语Lesson14SpeechonHitler’sInvasionoftheU.S.S.R.ppt

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Lesson14SpeechonHitlersInvasionoftheU.S.S.R.10/25/2022II.B.QuestionsonStructureandStyle:

1.WhydoesChurchillusehissecretarysaccountofthedaybeforethespeechwasgiven?

Churchillquotedhissecretarysaccountofthedaybeforethespeechtogiveamoredetailedbackgroundforthespeech.Heusedthesecretarysaccountofthedaytosupporthisownaccount.10/25/20222.WhichpartofthespeechmainlydemonstratesChurchillsdeterminationtofighttheGermans?

Paragraph10andParagraph1110/25/20223.Doyouthinkthespeechiswellorganized?

Howaretheparagraphsrelatedtoeachother?

Yes,thespeechiswellorganized.Thereareclearlogicalrelationsbetweeneachpartofthespeech.Thefirstpart（Paras.8-9）tellsaboutthewhat:

crimesoftheNazirgimeingeneralanditsinvasionofRussia;thesecondpart（Paras.10-11）tellsaboutreactiontothewhat,focusingontheBritishgovernmentspolicyandChurchillsdeterminationtodestroyHitler;10/25/2022thethirdpart（Paras.12）explainswhyBritainshouldreactthatwayandmakesaconvincinganalysisofHitlersultimatemotiveininvadingRussia;andthelastpart（Paras.13）isanaturalconclusionandacalltoaction.Thefourpartstogetherformaverysoundandconvincingreasoningprocess.10/25/20224.Inseveralplacesthespeakerusesparallelstructures.Pointthemoutandexplaintheireffect.1）IseetheRussiansoldiersstandingontheIseethemguardingtheirhomesIseethetenthousandvillagesIseetheGermanbombersandfightersinthesky（para.8）1）中的六个Isee构成排比，使德军和苏联的状况形成强烈反差，丘吉尔抓住人类的共同情感，拉近了与听众的距离，也唤起了人们对苏联的同情。

10/25/20222）Weshallfighthimbyland,weshallfighthimbysea,weshallfighthimintheair（para.10）2）中的三个排比句式气势恢宏，显示出丘吉尔打败纳粹的坚定决心3）Thisisourpolicyandthatisourdeclaration.（para.10）这里的排比强有力地表明了丘吉尔的立场。

10/25/20225.Whyisalliterationusedinthespeech?

Illustrateyourpointwithexamples.头韵的使用使文章的节奏感更强，给人留下更深刻的印象。

Example：

Iseealsothedull,drilled,docile,brutishmassesoftheHunsoldieryploddingonlikeaswarmofcrawlinglocusts.此句中的dull,drilled和docile都以辅音|d|开头，押头韵，形象描绘出德国士兵那种呆头呆脑，惟命是从的状态10/25/20226.Whatotherfiguresofspeechareusedinthespeech?

HowareChurchillsoratoricalskillsdemonstratedinthisfamousspeech?

文章还运用了反复、对照、明喻和暗喻等多种修辞手法。

正是这些修辞手法的运用，增强了文章的语势和节奏感，丘吉尔的口语技巧使得这个演讲具有说服性和感染力。

10/25/20227.CommentonChurchillsdiction.Illustrateyourpointwithexamples.从语言风格上来讲，文章使用了大量的正式词汇、文学词汇及很多旧式词汇，如devoidof,threshold,immemorial.Soldiery.hearthandhome等，与当时严肃的历史时刻相符合，使演讲既有逻辑性又有感染力。

从句法上讲，使用了大量的复合句，是文章符合当时演讲背景，更好突出了希特勒入侵苏联这一事件的严重性和发表这次演讲的严肃性。

10/25/20228.HowdoesChurchillendhisspeech?

Isitapowerfulending?

Churchillendshisspeechwithaconclusionandanurgentcallforaction.Intheconcludingparagraph,Churchillrepeated“danger”threetimes,addingtotheurgencyofthecurrentcircumstances;thenherepeatedtwice“cause”and“free”，thetwothingsthatpeoplelivingindemocraticcountriescherishverymuch,togiveastrongimpressionthattheyareatstake;10/25/2022thenatlasthecomesnaturallytothecallforaction,convincingpeoplethatbyfightingNaziGermanytheyareactuallysafeguardingtheirowncauseandfreedom.Inthisway,Churchillendshisspeechpowerfully,naturallyandconvincingly.III.ParaphraseExplainthefollowingsentencesinyourownwords,bringingoutanyimpliedmeanings:

1.Isupposetheywillberoundedupinhordes.IthinktheSovietRedArmymenwillbesurroundedandcapturedinverylargenumbers.2.HitlerwascountingonenlistingcapitalistandRightWingsympathiesinthiscountryandtheU.S.A.HitlerwashopingthatifheattackedRussia,hewouldgetinBritainandtheU.S.A.thesupportofthosewhowereenemiesofCommunism.10/25/20223.WinantsaidthesamewouldbetrueoftheU.S.A.WinantsaidtheU.S.A.wouldfollowthesamepolicy.4.IfHitlerinvadedHellIwouldmakeatleastafavorablereferencetotheDevilintheHouseofCommons.IfHitlerinvadedHell,amosthatedplace,IwouldstillsayawordinfavouroftheDevilintheHouseofCommons.5.TheNaziregimeisdevoidofallthemeandprincipleexceptappetiteandracialdomination.TheNaziregimedoesnothaveanyidealorguidingprincipleatall.WhatithasisastrongdesireforconquestandrulebytheAryanrace,theallegedlymostsuperiorraceintheworld.6.IseetheGermanbombersandfightersinthesky,stillsmartingfrommanyaBritishwhipping,delightedtofindwhattheybelieveisaneasierandasaferprey.IseetheNaziairforce,thoughstillfeelingupsetandpainfulfromthedefeatintheaerialbattleofEngland,isnowhappybecausetheycanbeattheRussianairforceeasilywithoutheavyloss.10/25/20227.Weshallbestrengthenedandnotweakenedindeterminationandinresources.Weshallbestrengthenedandmoredeterminedandshallmakebetterandfulleruseofourresources.10/25/20228.Letusredoubleourexertions,andstrikewithunitedstrengthwhilelifeandpowerremain.Letusstrengthenourunityandoureffortsinth