高考英语一轮复习Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars教学案新人教版必修3Word文档格式.docx

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高考英语一轮复习Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars教学案新人教版必修3Word文档格式.docx

7.pulln.&

vt.拉(力);

拖;

牵引力

8.floatvi.&

vt.(使)浮动;

(使)漂浮

n.漂浮物

9.systemn.系统;

体系;

制度

10.theoryn.学说;

理论

[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空

1.Atruckwentoutofcontrolandcrashed(crash)intothebackofabus.

2.Hefoundsomethingfloating(float)onthelake,whichfrightenedhim.

3.Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome,exhausted(exhaust).

4.Theoldscientisttoldhisstudentsthatscientifictheories(theory)mustbebasedonfacts.

5.Myuncle'

scarcaughtfirebytheroad.Fortunately,hewaspulled(pull)outofthecarbyapasserby.

1.violentadj.猛烈的;

激烈的;

强暴的→violencen.暴力→violentlyadv.暴力地;

猛烈地

2.likevt.喜欢prep.像→unlikeprep.与……不同;

不像→dislikevt.不喜欢;

讨厌

3.harmn.&

vt.伤害→harmfuladj.有害的→harmlessadj.无害的

4.existvi.存在;

生存→existencen.存在;

生存

5.puzzlen.谜;

难题vt.&

vi.(使)迷惑;

(使)为难→puzzledadj.感到困惑的→puzzlingadj.令人困惑的

6.religionn.宗教;

宗教信仰→religiousadj.宗教上的;

信奉宗教的;

虔诚的

7.reactv.反应→reactionn.反应;

回应

1.Therewasapuzzledlookonthelittlegirl'

sfacebecauseapuzzlingproblempuzzledher.(puzzle)

2.Lastnightwehadadiscussion,whichwastobecomemoreandmoreviolent.Finallywereachedanagreementthatwewillneveruseviolencewhateverhappens.(violent)

3.Playingcomputergameswillnotonlydoharmtoyourphysicalhealth,butitisalsoharmfultoyourmentalhealth.Sothereisnoharminadvisingyoutogiveitup.(harm)

4.Heoftensaysthathedoesn'

tbelieveinanyreligionbutmeanwhileherespectsothers'

religiousfreedom.(religion)

5.Doyoubelievetheexistenceofghosts?

Perhapstheyonlyexistinthemindsofsomepeople.(exist)

1.fundamentaladj.基本的;

基础的

2.chainn.链子;

连锁;

锁链

3.dissolvevt.&

vi.溶解;

解散

4.multiplyvi.&

vt.乘;

增加

5.gravityn.万有引力;

重力

6.extinctadj.灭绝的;

绝种的

7.solaradj.太阳的;

日光的

8.satelliten.卫星;

人造卫星

9.spaceshipn.宇宙飞船

10.mammaln.哺乳动物

11.lessenvi.&

vt.减少;

减轻

12.weightlesslyadv.失重地

(2017·

浙江卷)Macheardalargevehiclebehindhim.Hepulledinfrontofitasthewolfwascatchingupfast,justadozenyardsawaynow.停车

[短语 多维应用]

1.intime及时;

终于

2.prevent...from阻止;

制止

3.nowthat既然

4.cheerup感到高兴;

感到振奋

5.layeggs下蛋

6.givebirthto产生;

分娩

[语境运用] (填入一个适当的词)

Now①thatweallunderstandthatthehazeisharmfultoourhealth,weshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestopreventit②fromgettingfrombadtoworse.Nomatterwhathappens,wemustcheer③upandtrytoreducethepollution.Ifwekeepon,we'

llsucceed④intime.

7.inone'

sturn轮到某人

8.watchoutfor密切注意;

当心;

提防

9.dependon依靠;

取决于

10.breakout突发;

爆发

11.blockout挡住(光线)

12.getthehangof熟悉;

掌握;

理解

13.atmidnight在午夜

Afirebroke⑤outinthebuildinglastnight.Luckily,thefirefightersarrivedintimeandputoutthefire.Wewerewarnedtowatchout⑥forelectricityandgaswhencookingourmeals.Thankstothefirefighters'

help,wewerenotinjured.Theyarethementhatwecandepend⑦onwhenweareintrouble.

[句式 结构仿写]

教材原句背诵

句式仿写应用

1.make+it+adj.+forsb.+todo

Thisproducedachainreaction,whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.

(2018·

全国卷Ⅰ)我认为我们参加晚宴时带点小礼物是个好主意。

Ithinkitagoodideatobringasmallgiftwhenweattendadinnerparty.

2.倍数表达法

ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.

我付出的时间和精力是以前的三倍多,所以我相信我这次能成功。

IdevotedthreetimesasmuchtimeandenergyasIdidbefore,soIbelieveIwillsucceedthistime.

3.nowthat引导原因状语从句

...walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenowthatgravityhaschanged.

全国卷Ⅲ)既然你对我校这么感兴趣,为什么不来看看呢?

Nowthatyouaresointerestedinourschool,whynotcomehereandhavealook?

1.harmfuladj.有害的

(1)beharmfulto对……有害

harmlessadj.无害的

(2)cause/doharmto...对……造成伤害/有害

(3)thereisnoharmindoingsth.做某事没有害处

theharmfuleffectsoftobacco烟草的害处

beharmfultochildren'

steeth对儿童的牙齿有害

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(广东卷)Someplantsandanimalscontainnaturalpoisonsthatareharmfultopeople.

②(2019·

浙江卷)However,nopraisefromparentsalsodoesharmtotheirselfconfidence.

③Hemaynotbeabletohelpbutthere'

snoharminasking(ask)him.

[链接写作]——一句多译

有些男生对玩电脑游戏简直到了痴迷的程度,这对他们的健康非常有害。

①Someboysaretoocrazyaboutplayinggamesonthecomputer,whichisveryharmfultotheirhealth.(harmful)

②Someboysaretoocrazyaboutplayinggamesonthecomputer,whichdoesgreatharmtotheirhealth.(harm)

2.existvi.存在,生存

(1)existin在于……

existon=liveon靠……生存

Thereexist(s)...有……

(2)existencen.存在;

实有;

生活;

生活方式

comeintoexistence出现;

产生

(3)existingadj.现存的;

现行的

①Youcan'

timaginewhatdifficultytheyhaveexistingonthelittlemoneyhe'

searning.

北京卷)Alotofbusinessisstilldoneoverthephone,andmuchofitisbasedontrustandexisting(exist)relationships.

③(2019·

江苏卷)Soscientistsaretryingtheirbesttosavethespeciesfromgoingoutofexistence(exist).

[链接写作]——词汇升级

(普通表达)Scientistshavemanytheoriesabouthowtheuniversestartedtoexist.

(高级表达)Scientistshavemanytheoriesabouthowtheuniversecameintoexistence/cameintobeing.

[名师点津] exist是不及物动词,不能用于被动语态和进行时。

3.puzzlen.谜;

难题vt.&

(使)为难

(1)puzzleabout/oversth.苦苦思索;

仔细琢磨

apuzzletosb.一件让某人感到困惑的事情

(2)puzzledadj.感到困惑的

bepuzzledabout对……迷惑不解

(3)puzzlingadj.令人困惑的

(4)puzzlementn.困惑

apuzzledlook迷惑的神色

apuzzlingquestion令人疑惑的问题

awordpuzzle字谜

①(四川卷)Peoplehavelongpuzzledabout/overhowtheEgyptiansmovedsuchlargerocks.

②a.Whenthelittlegirlwasaskedsuchapuzzling(puzzle)question,shestoodtherewithasurprisedlookonherface.

 b.Thismorning,whenIwaswalkingonthestreet,Isawthattwotravelerswerereadingamap,lookingpuzzled(puzzle).

③Muchtothepuzzlement(puzzle)ofhismother,helefthomewithoutsayingaword.

[链接写作]——完成句子

①Whatpuzzlesmemost(最让我困惑的)iswhyhemanagestogetawayeachtimehedoessomethingwrong.

②Thecauseoffirewasapuzzletothefiremen(让消防队员困惑的事情).

4.intime及时;

ontime准时

innotime立刻,赶快,马上

atatime每次,一次

atonetime曾经;

一度

attimes有时

atnotime在任何时候都不,从来没有

atthesametime同时;

尽管如此

①(2018·

全国卷Ⅱ)Istillcan'

tbelievewhatacoincidenceitwas.I'

mjustsogladIwasthereintimetohelp(help)myson.

②a.(浙江卷)Itisimportanttopayyourelectricitybillontime,aslatepaymentsmayaffectyourcredit.

 b.(陕西卷)Themanagerwantstoseechangesinthecompany,andIamsurehewillintime.

 c.(辽宁卷)Atnotimedidtheyactuallybreaktherulesofthegame.Itwasunfairtopunishthem.

③(浙江卷)Eachstudentisallowedtoborrowtwobooksatatimefromtheschoollibrary.

①(全国卷Ⅲ)曾经我甚至感到我父母不理解我,我希望我能自由。

Atonetime,Ievenfeltmyparentscouldn'

tunderstandmesoIhopedIcouldbefreefromthem.

②(山东卷)常言道,“有志者事竟成”,我们的努力迟早会有所回报。

Asaproverbgoes,“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.”Oureffortswillpayoffintime.

5.inone'

sturn轮到某人

(1)taketurnsdoing/todosth.轮流做某事

It'

sone'

sturn(todosth.)轮到某人(做某事)了

(2)byturns轮流着

inturn反过来;

依次

①Atthemeetingtheytookturnstoput/putting(put)forwardanumberofsuggestionsaimingtopromotethereformofeducationsystem.

②It'

smyturntopick(pick)upthekidsafterschoolthisweek.

③Itisourresponsibilitytotakecareofoursickmotherbyturns.

[链接写作]——完成句子/句式升级

(湖北卷改编)人们使用自己的小汽车避免公共交通延误,反过来,这将造成更多的问题。

(普通表达)Peopletrytoavoidpublictransportationdelaysbyusingtheirowncars,andthisinturncreatesmoreproblems.

(高级表达)Peopletrytoavoidpublictransportationdelaysbyusingtheirowncars,whichinturncreatesmoreproblems.(非限制性定语从句)

6.cheerup感到高兴;

(1)cheersb.on以喝彩声鼓励某人;

为某人加油

(2)cheeringadj.能鼓舞人的;

使人振作/高兴的

cheerfuladj.快乐的;

高兴的;

兴高采烈的

(3)Cheers!

(用于祝酒)干杯!

burstintocheers突然欢呼起来

cheertheirsportsteams为她们的运动队加油

①(天津卷)—I'

mthinkingofthetesttomorrow.I'

mafraidIcan'

tpassthistime.

—Cheerup!

I'

msureyouwillmakeit.

②Thecheeringnewsmadethesadboycheerful,whichmadehisparentsveryexcited.(cheer)

③(天津卷)Cathydidn'

texpectanyawardbutwasstilltheretocheeronherfriendsandpraisetheiraccomplishments.

(普通表达)WhenI'

mfeelingsad,mymothertellsmefunnystoriestomakemehappy.

(高级表达)WhenI'

mfeelingdepressed,mymothertellsmefunnystoriestocheermeup.

7.[教材佳句]Thisproducedachainreaction,whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.这就产生了一系列的反应,使得生命就有可能开始发展了。

[句法句式]句中为“makeit+adj.+forsb.todosth.”句型,其中it作形式宾语,真正的宾语为forlifetodevelop。

(1)make+it+形容词/名词+that从句

make+it+形容词/名词+todo不定式

make+it+nogood/nouse/novalue...+doingsth.

(2)常用于这种句型的动词:

make,think,consider,find,feel等。

[金句推送] (北京卷)Tomakeiteasiertogetintouchwithus,you'

dbetterkeepthiscardathand.为了更便于联系我们,你最好将这张卡片放在身边。

①(山东卷)Susanmadeitcleartomethatshewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.

②(福建卷)Itwastheculture,ratherthanthelanguage,thatmadeithardforhimtoadapt(adapt)tothenewenvironmentabroad.

③Iconsideritnousequarrelling(quarrel)withhimaboutitbecauseheis

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