Module 1 Europe 导学案外研必修3精品Word文档下载推荐.docx
《Module 1 Europe 导学案外研必修3精品Word文档下载推荐.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《Module 1 Europe 导学案外研必修3精品Word文档下载推荐.docx(11页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
B.theParthenon
C.TheUffiziPalaceD.theEiffelTower
6.Florenceisfamousformanythingsexcept_______.
A.theRenaissance
B.someartgalleries,churchesandmuseums
C.manygreatartistsandtheirworks
D.thelandscapeofthecity
7.Athensisknownasthebirthplaceof_____.
A.westerncivilizationB.AntonioGaudi
C.LeonardodaVinciD.Michelangelo
8.InwhichwaymentionedinthepassagewasAthensdifferentfromtheotherthreecities?
A.Itisthecapitalcityandthebirthplaceofthecivilisation
B.Twothousandfourhundredyearsago,itwastheworld’smostpowerfulcity.
C.TherearemanyfamousbuildingsinAthens.
D.ManywriterslivinginAthenshaveinfluencedotherwriterswiththeirwork.
.根据课文内容填空。
Paris,thecapitalandlargestcity__France,is_ontheRiverSeine.AsoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesintheworldParisisvisited___morethaneightmilliontouristseveryyear.BarcelonaisthesecondlargestcityofSpainandissituated___thenortheastcoast,_____fivehundredkilometerseastoftheSpanishcapital,Madrid.
Florenceisan______citywhichbecamefamousbecauseoftheRenaissance,agreat______movementwhichbeganinthe1300sandlasted___threehundredyears.Athens,thecapitalofGreece,isknownasthe_________ofwesterncivilization.Twothousandfourhundredyearsago,itwastheworld’smost____________
Book3Module1Grammar1and2(学案)
Grammar1(passivevoice)
语态(Voice)是动词的一种形式,它表示句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系。
语态通常分为主动语态和被动语态。
被动语态(PassiveVoice)表示句子的主语是动作的承受者。
只有及物动词和及物动词短语才有被动语态。
谓语动词的构成是:
be+v-ed,被动语态形式的句子,有各种时态变化。
1.被动语态的构成
1)一般现在时________________________
Youarewantedonthetelephone.有人给你打电话。
2)一般过去时________________________
Thebookwasfinishedlastweek.这书是上周写完的。
3)一般将来时________
You'
llbeallowedtogoouttomorrow.明天让你出去。
4)现在进行时和过去进行时
________________________________
①Thebuildingisbeingbuilt.这幢楼正在建设之中。
②Thebikeswerebeingrepaired.那时正在修自行车。
5)现在完成时和过去完成时____________________________________
①ThisbookhasbeentranslatedintoEnglish.这本书已被译成英语。
②Thecarhadbeenrepairedbeforehereturned.在他回来前汽车已修完了。
6)情态动词的被动语态_________________
Wecandivideanatom.→Anatomcanbedivided.原子是可分的。
2.被动语态的用法(参照课本第107页语法)
3.学习、使用被动语态应注意下面几点
1)短语动词的被动语态,要保持短语动词的完整性,动词后面的介词或副词不可遗漏。
Thesebooksmustbetakengoodcare。
这些书必须好好保管。
Thechildrenwerewelllooked。
孩子们受到了良好的护理。
2)带双宾语的动词的被动语态:
(give,send,take,bring,teach,tell,offer,sing,buy,promise,make,write,ask,lend,show,pay等)将其中一个宾语变成主语,另一个宾语作为保留宾语,或变为介词宾语,作状语。
Wegavehimsomepicture-books.
→Hewasgivensomepicture-books.
→Somepicture-booksweregivenhim.
3)在时间和条件状语从句中,用一般现在时的被动语态表示一般将来时的被动语态,用一般过去时的被动语态表示过去将来时的被动语态。
Itwillbemuchbetterwhentheprojectisfinished.
Hewouldn’tattendthepartyunlesshewasinvited.
4)有些动词主动语态形式表示被动语态如:
sell,wash,draw,keep,prove,clean,run,wear,cook,read,smoke,cut,burn等。
Thebooksellswell.
这本书畅销。
Thisclothwasheswell.
这种布料耐洗。
5)“be+过去分词”并非都是被动语态,有时是系表结构。
Theglassisbroken.玻璃杯是破碎的。
被动语态表动作,系表结构表状态
Treesareplantedinandaroundourcityeveryyear.(表动作)
Treesareplantedinandaroundourcity.(表状态)
系表结构常由very,quite,rather,too,so,more,most等词修饰,被动结构
常用greatly等词修饰
Iamveryinterestedincomputerstudies.
IwasgreatlyinspiredbythereportbyYangLiwei.
Grammar2(Subjectandverbagreement)
“主谓一致”是指谓语动词与主语必须在人称和数上保持一致
Thepolicearesearchingforhim.
Somesheepareoverthere.
Fiveminutesisenoughtodothisexercise.
Morethanonestudenthasseenthisfilm.
Manyashiphasbeendamagedinthestorm.
Menofthiskindaredangerous.
Betweenthetwowindowshangsapicture.
1.由and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念,一个人的双重身份或匹配出现的事物时谓语动词为单数,由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念时,谓语动词用复数。
TheworkerandwriterfromBeijing.(那个工人兼作家…)
TheworkerandthewriterfromBeijing.(那位工人和那位作家)
Aknifeandforkisonthetable
BreadandbutterisadailyfoodintheWest.
常见的由and连接的指一个概念的有:
theneedleandthread针线saltandwater盐和水
thefolkandknife刀叉ironandsteel钢铁
timeandtide岁月
breadandbutter黄油面包
2.everyoneof,oneof,eachof,eitherof,neitherof+复数名词作主语,谓语用单数。
Eachofthegirlslikesdancing.
Oneofthemhasbeenabroad.
NeitherofthetwoboysisgoodatEnglish.
如果"
oneof+复数名词+定语从句"
结构定语从句的谓语动词用复数;
如果one前面有theonly,thefirst,thelast,theright等限定词修饰,则one是先行词,定语从句的谓语动词用单数。
Johnistheonlyoneofthestudentswho(have)thekeys.
Johnisoneofthestudentswho(have)thekeys.
3.morethanone,manya+单数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。
Morethanonestudent(have)tried.
Manyastudent(be)watchingthefootballmatch.
Manyaman(have)diedinthewar.
4.each/every/no/manya+单数名词andeach/every/no/manya+单数名
词作主语,谓语动词用单数。
1.Eachbookandeachpaperisfoundinitsplace.
2.Everyboyandeverygirlhastherighttoreceiveeducation.
3.Manyaboyandmanyagirlhasseenthesepaintings.
4.Everyhourandminuteisimportant.
第二个each,every,manya可以省略。
5.a+单数名词+andahalf,a+单数名词+ortwo作主语时,谓语用单数。
1.Ayearandahalfhaspassed.
2.Adayortwoisenough.
oneortwo+复数名词,oneandahalf+复数名词作主语,谓语用复数。
1.Oneortwoboysknowit.
2.OneandahalfmonthshavepassedsinceIsawhim.
3.AmonthandahalfhaspassedsinceIsawhim.
6.all,none,some,any等不定代词作主语,根据其指代的内容而定。
Allarepresent.
Allthefoodtastesgood.
noneof...结构作主语
指代不可数名词作主语,谓语用单数;
指代复数名词作主语,强调全体,谓语用复数更好一些;
着重个别,则用单数较好。
Noneofthemoneyisyours.
Noneofushave/haseverbeenabroad.
7.“anumberof+复数名词”作主语,谓语用复数;
“许多”
“thenumberof+复数名词”作主语,谓语用单数。
“…的数量”
①Thenumberoftrafficaccidents(have)increased.
②Anumberofchildren(like)thissong.
8.Quantity/iesof+名词复数/不可数名词
①thequantityof+复数名词或不可数名词,谓语用单数。
②aquantityof+复数名词,谓语用复数。
aquantityof+不可数名词,谓语用单数.
③quantitiesof+复数名词或不可数名词,谓语用复数。
1.Quantitiesofteaweresoldlastmonth.
2.Alargequantityofbeerwassoldout.
3.Thequantityofbooksinthelibraryisamazing.
9.population做主语指人口,谓语用单数;
指人的行为、居民等,谓语常用复数;
分数/百分数+ofthepopulation做主语,谓语用复数。
Thepopulationofthevillage_____(be)538.
Onethirdofthepopulationhere______(be)workers.
10.theOlympicGames,theAsianGames做主语,谓语用复数。
TheOlympicGamesareheldeveryfouryears.
11.Half/most/enough/part/therest/thelast/lots/some/plenty/分数/百分数等
+of+名词作主语,谓语动词要和of之后的名词保持一致。
1.Two-thirdsofthepeoplepresent_____(be)againsttheplan.
2.Three-fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearth_____(be)coveredbysea.
3.Overtwentypercentofthecity_____(be)destroyedinthewar.
4.Only40percentofthestudentsintheclass_____(be)boys.
12.集体名词class,family,army,team,club,population,enemy,party,
crowd,majority,crew,audience,government,public,group,committee等
作主语。
强调整体用单数,指个体成员用复数。
①HisfamilyisinHarbin.
②Hisfamilyaremusiclovers.
③Thecommitteewasmadeupof10members.
④Thecommitteewereinthehall.
Thisclassconsistsof45students.Mr.Greenteachesit.
Thisclassarealldiligent.Mr.Greenteachesthem.
但是并不是所有的集合名词都具有以上两种用法:
1.有的集合名词总是用作单数(不可数):
clothing衣服,poetry诗歌,
baggage/luggage行李,furniture家具,scenery景色等。
2.有的集合名词总是表示复数意义(但不用复数形式):
people人,police
警察,cattle牲口等。
3.goods,clothes,glasses,shoes,scissors及trousers,chopsticks,compasses
等以复数形式出现的名词作主语,谓语用复数;
4.news,politics,maths,physics,plastics等形式为复数而意义为单数的名
词作主语,谓语用单数。
ThegoodsbelongtoMr.Wang.
Nonewsisgoodnews.
Mytrousersarenew.
13.“the+adj./v-ed/v-ing”作主语
the+dying,young,old,blind,rich,sick,wounded,poor及dead等词,
相当于复数名词,代表整个类别,故作主语时谓语用复数。
①TheoldinChinaarelivingahappylife.
②Thewoundedhavebeensaved.
③Thesickhavebeencuredandthelosthavebeenfound.
14.表示时间、距离、钱额、重量、空间、体积等意义的复数名词作主
语,谓语动词常用单数。
1.Eighthoursofsleepisenough.
2.Ahundredmilesisalongdistance.
3.Tenpoundswasmissingfrommypocket.
4.Twentyyearshaspassedsincehelefthishometown.
15.动名词、不定式、从句做主语
1)单个动名词或不定式作主语,谓语用单数。
①Makingspeechesisnotherstrongpoint.
②Growingflowersneedsconstantwatering.
2)由and连接的两个(或多个)动名词或不定式作主语
如果并列的动名词或不定式语义相同或相似,谓语用单数;
如果语义不一致,则谓语用复数。
①Lyingandstealingarenotright.
②Toloveandtobelovedissweettome.
3)由that,where,when,whether,how等词引导的名词性从句作主语,主
句的谓语常用单数形式。
Howtheycanfinishtheirworkisstillunknown.
Wherewewillgohasnotbeendecided.
①Whenandwheretoholdthemeeting______(be)notdecided.
②Whentoholdthemeetingandwheretohavelunch______(be)notdecided
4)由what引导的名词性从句作主语,谓语一般用单数(表语是复数时也
可用复数);
如果what从句是带有复数意义的并列结构,主句的谓语
用复数。
Whattheyareafterismoney.
Whatwewantare/ispromises.
Whathesaysand(whathe)doesdonotagree.
16.由…or…,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso…