西安交通大学英语试题Word格式.docx

西安交通大学英语试题Word格式.docx

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4.Thenewtouristhotelwillhave_____formorethanonethousandpeople.

A.convenienceB.capacityC.capabilityD.accommodations

5.Heisa（n）_______youngarchitectwhohaswoninternationalfame.

A.nastyB.exceptionalC.incompetentD.hopeless

6.Heran______twicefromhisboardingschoolbecausehecouldn’tputupwithbeinglimitedinaninstitution.

A.inB.overC.awayD.down

7.Jeanfeltunabletocope_____drivinginheavytrafficafterheraccident.

A.upB.atC.ofD.with

8.Tobefinanciallywell______,youneedtoworkhardandsparenoeffortstodevelopyourcareerwhenyoung.

A.awayB.offC.upD.out

9.Thesoldiersshowedgreatjoyandsatisfactionafterwinningthefinaltriumph______theirenemies.

A.overB.outC.fromD.of

10.Itwasonthisdaythathemet_____anaccidentthatwastoshapetherestofhislife.

A.withB.toC.atD.in

11.Igotalittle________whenIlearnedthattheappointmentwiththegeneralmanagerwaschangedtoanothertime.

A.concernedB.distractedC.upsetD.awful

12.Thebookofferssomeadviceabouthowtomakeagood________atjobinterviews.

A.attitudeB.appearanceC.effectD.impression

13.Itisverydifficultforthetimebeingto________howmuchmoneyisneeded.

A.accountB.assumeC.rangesD.estimate

14.Theteacherpraisedandrewardedthegood________ofhisstudentsinclass.

A.statusB.behaviorC.functionD.signal

15.Wemust________ourattentiononthequestionofreducingourcost.

A.payB.focusC.absorbD.promote

16.Theywillfighttotheend;

theywillnever______.

A.surviveB.surrenderC.renderD.succeed

17.Ourcompanydecidedto______thecontractbecauseanumberoftheconditionsinithadnotbeenmet.

A.cancelB.resistC.assumeD.destroy

18.Hewas______ofhavingaskedsuchasillyquestion.

A.sorryB.guiltyC.ashamedD.miserable

19.Iwouldbe_____ifyouwouldmailthispackageforme.

A.carefulB.gratefulC.thoughtfulD.respectful

20.Muchofthenewsprovidedbythisnewspaperis_______,notforeign.

A.domesticB.strainC.purchaseD.murder

Ⅱ.ReadingComprehension

Passage1

Economicliberalismwastheprevailingeconomicphilosophyinmuchofthenineteenthandearlytwentiethcenturies,andtheU.S.economydevelopedwithinitsframework.Economicliberalismpromotedfreedomofactionfortheindividualandthefirmthroughthedoctrinesoffreetrade,self-interest,privateproperty,laissez-faire,andcompetition.

Accordingtohisphilosophy,individualswerefreetoseektheirownoccupations,toenteranybusiness,andtoactastheysawfittoimprovetheireconomicwelfare.Economicsocietywasheldtogetherbyself-interest.Self-interestwasthusthemotivationforceoftheeconomy.Forexample,toincreasepersonaleconomicwelfare,anindividualmightdecidetoproducegoodsandsellthemforprofit.Butinsodoing,thatindividualautomaticallybenefitedthecommunityaswell—bypurchasingrawmaterials,providingemployment,andsupplyinggoodsorservices.Aworkerseekingtoincreasehiorherwagescoulddosobyincreasingproductivity.This,too,benefitedtheemployerandthecommunityingeneral.AccordingtoAdamSmith,theindividual,inseekingpersonalgain,wasledthemforprofit.Butinsodoing,thatindividualautomaticallybenefitedthecommunityaswell—bypurchasingrawmaterials,providingemployment,andsupplyinggoodsorservices.Aworkerseekingtoincreasehiorherwagescoulddosobyincreasingproductivity.This,too,benefitedtheemployerandthecommunityingeneral.AccordingtoAdamSmith,theindividual,inseekingpersonalgain,wasledthemforprofit.Butinsodoing,thatindividualautomaticallybenefitedthecommunityaswell—bypurchasingrawmaterials,providingemployment,andsupplyinggoodsorservices.Aworkerseekingtoincreasehiorherwagescoulddosobyincreasingproductivity.This,too,benefitedtheemployerandthecommunityingeneral.AccordingtoAdamSmith,theindividual,inseekingpersonalgain,wasledbyaninvisiblehandtopromotethewelfareofthewholecommunity.

Competitionwastheregulatoroftheeconomyundereconomicliberalism.Businesscompetedwithoneanotherforconsumertradebydevelopingnewandbetterproductsandbysellingexistingproductsatlowerprices.Freeentryintothemarketensuredadequatecompetition,andpricesweredeterminedbythefreeforcesofsupplyanddemand.Competitiveforcedeterminednotonlythepricesofgoodsandservicesbutalsowagerates.

Sinceabeneficialself-interestwasthemotivatinganddrivingforceoftheeconomyandsincecompetitionwastoserveastheregulatoroftheeconomy,apolicyoflaissez-faireprevailed.Accordingtothispolicy,thegovernmentkeptitshandsofftheeconomicactivitiesofindividualsandbusinesses.Itseconomicrolewasstrictlytoprotectprivateproperty,toenforcecontracts,andtoactasajudgeineconomicdisputes.

21.Concerning“economicliberalism”,whichofthefollowingistrue?

A 

Itwasaninfluentialphilosophyinthe19thand20thcenturies.

B 

ThedevelopmentoftheU.S.asanationowesmuchtothisphilosophy.

C 

Itisaboutthefreedomofactioninthefieldofeconomics.

D 

Itisaboutthedoctrinesofprivate-0sectorofeconomy.

22.Accordingtothepassage,peopleexchangegoodsandservicesinorderto______.

Asatisfytheneedsofotherpeople. 

Bsatisfytheirownneeds

Cformasociety 

Dpromotedivisionoflabor

23.WhichofthefollowingisthebestinterpretationforAdamSmith’theory?

Individualsarekeenontheirowninterest.

Intheirsubconsciousness,peoplewishtoservethecommunity. 

Inpursuingtheirself-interest,individualsbringbenefitstosociety.

TheIndividuals’economicbehaviorisregulatedbysomeinvisiblebeing. 

24.Competitiveforceshavethefollowingfunctionsexcept______.

forcingthebusinessestodevelopnewandbetterproducts

givingeveryindividualafairchanceforabetterjob

tohelpdeterminethepricesofgoodsandservices

tohelpregulatethewagesofpeopleemployed

25.Accordingtothepolicyoflaissez-faire,thegovernmentshould______.

Afrequencyintervenethemarket 

Bstrictlyregulatethemarket

Cgivethemarketmuchfreedom 

Dintervenethemarketonlywhenitlikes

Passage2

Changesinthenaturalrateofunemploymentcaneasilybemistakenforcyclicalemployment.Forthisreasonitisimportanttounderstandtheforcesinfluencingthenaturalrateofunemploymentinaneconomy.

Youngerworkersaremorelikelytoquittheirjobsthanolderworkers.Itsimplytakessometimeforthemtomatchskillswiththeiremployment.Soitisreasonabletoassumethattheyoungertheaverageageinthelaborforce,thehigherthenaturalrateofunemployment.

Increasedfluctuationinthepatternofdemandfordomesticgoodsincreasesstructuralunemploymentand,inturn,contributestoahighernaturalrteofunemployment.Anincreaseinenergypricesthatoccurredinthemid-1970sinU.S.affectedhiringinmanyindustries.IncreaseforeigncompetitionalsohurttheU.S.automobileandsteelindustriesatthattime.

Rapidchangesintechnologydesignedtocutcostscanalsoresultingreaterjobseparation.Inanefforttocompetemoreeffectivelywithforeignfirms,manyU.S.Firmshaveshiftedtonewtechnologythatrequiresfewerworkersperplantandresultsinslowerhiringofnewworkers.

Inrecentyearsthenumberofmarriedwomeninthelaborforcehasincreasesharply,thereforeincreasingtheumberoftwo-earnerfamilies.Theexistenceofasecondincomepreventsincomefromfallingtozerowhenoneofthespouses（配偶）quitsajobtosearchforabetterone.Also,thesecondincomeallowsalongerperiodtofindanewjobthanwouldotherwisebepossible.

Tendenciestomoveinandoutofthelaborforcecanalsoaffectthenaturalrateofunemployment.Workerswhofrequentlymoveinandoutoftheworkforcehaveahigherrateofjobseparationbecausetheyarelessexperiencedthanotherworkers.Asaresulttheyaremorelikelytoquitorbefiredfromajob.

26.Thenaturalrateofunemploymentishigheramongyoungerworkersbecause______.

theyhavetospendsometimelearningthenecessaryskills

theyoftenquittheirjobsforachange

theydonottreattheirjobsseriously

theyaretooyoungtodotheirjobswell

27.WhathappenedtotheAmericaneconomywhenthepricesofenergywentupintheU.S.inthemid-1970s?

Employmentinsomerelatedindustrieswasincreased.

Employmentinsomeotherindustrieswasincreased.

Employ7mentinsomerelatedindustrieswasreduces.

TheU.S.automobileandsteelindustrieswerehurt.

28.Whydoadvancesintechnologyincreaseunemploymentaccordingtothefourthparagraph?

Becausemanyworkersareforcefultoleavetheirjobsforfurthe