解析浙江省宁波市九校学年高一下学期联考英语试题.docx
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解析浙江省宁波市九校学年高一下学期联考英语试题
宁波市2018学年第二学期九校联考高一英语试题
本试卷分第1卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)。
满分150分,考试用时120分钟。
请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
第I卷选择题部分
第一部分:
听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Whatdoesthewoman’smotherlooklike?
A.Shewearsglasses.B.Shehasdarkeyes.C.Shehaswhitehair.
2.Howoldisthewomannow?
A.20yearsold.B.45yearsold.C.65yearsold.
3.Howoftendoesthemanseehisgrandfather?
A.Everyday.B.Onceaweek.C.Onceamonth.
4.Whatdoesthemanmean?
A.Thefilmisterrible.
B.Thefilmcanbeseenonline.
C.Thefilmisworththemoney.
5.Whatdoesthemandecidetodo?
A.Lookforaparkingspace.
B.Drivetothedepartmentstoreagain.
C.Gotothedepartmentstoreinafewdays.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段材料。
每段材料后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段材料前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段材料读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?
A.Motherandson.
B.Husbandandwife.
C.Fellowworkers.
7.Whatisthemanunwillingtodo?
ACleanthefloor.
B.Preparethedimmersets.
C.Arangethetables.
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8.Whyistheman’sblueshirtnolongersuitableforhim?
A.He’sputonmuchweight.
B.Hethinksit’sold.
C.He’sgrowntaller.
9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman?
A.Lucky.B.Busy.C.Lazy.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
10.Whatdoesthewomandoprobably?
A.Apolicewoman.B.AtourguideC.Ateacher.
11.Whowasswimmingaround?
ANick.B.Melissa.C.Laura.
12.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofKen?
A.Helpful.B.DishonestC.Interesting.
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13.WhydidFionadecidetowriteabookaboutBeatriceCadbury?
A.Beatricehadasurprisinglife.
B.ShewasinterestedintheCadburyfamily.
C.TheschoolBeatricehadstartedwasfamous.
14.WhatwasBeatrice’slifelikeinherchildhood?
A.Difficult.B.Unlucky.C.Comfortable.
15.WhatdidBeatriceaskherbrothertodo?
A.Cometoherhouse.
B.Stopgivinghermoney.
C.Allowhertomeetthefactoryworkers.
16.WhydidBeatriceandherfamilyliveinatent?
A.Shewantedtolivelikepoorpeople.
B.Thereweretoomanypeopleinherhouse.
C.Herchildrenlikedtoliveinadifferentplace.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17.HowdidtheservantsdealwiththeirearningsinVictoriantimes?
A.Theypaidforthehousing.
B.Theyboughtfoodandclothes.
C.Theysentthemtotheirfamilies.
18.Whatwasanurse’smainduty?
A.Cokingmeals.B.Caringforchildren.C.Educatingchildren.
19.HowdidtheVictorianupperclassparentstreattheirchildrenactually?
A.Cuell.B.Kindly.C.Srictly.
20.Whatwillthespeakertalkaboutnext?
A.Lowerclassfamilies.
B.Upperclasschildren’ssituation.
C.Comparisonsbetweenupperandlowerclasses.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分35分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题25分,满分25分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项、并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Thetroublestartedat9:
30p.m.lastNewYear’sEve,inNewmark.Whenthefireengines(消防车)arrivedatthefire,averyoldwomanwassittinginathirdfloorwindow.Thefirefightersplacedaladder(梯子)againstthewoodenhouse,and26-year-oldMarcusReddickclimbed35feettothethirdfloor.
Thewoman,60yearsoldandveryfat,wassittingwithbothfeetoutofthewindow.WhenMarcusreachedthetopoftheladder,thewoman,afraidandnervous,puthertwolegsaroundhim.SuddenlyMarcusfellbackwardsofftheladder,withthelargewomansittingonhim.Marcuslandedfirst—hittingawallbesidethefrontstairs-andbrokethewoman’sfall.Shefellnomore,buthefellanothertenfeetdownthestairs.Whenthefireofficerreachedhim,Marcuswasunconscious.
Withinanhour,adoctortoldthementhatMarcuswasnearlybraindead,andwouldonlygetworse.Doctorstalkedofturningoffthelife-savingmachineandaskedifthefamilywouldliketogiveawayhisheart.Theanswerwas“yes”.
OnJanuary6,firefightersliftedMarcus’coffin(棺材)—coveredwithanAmericanflag-ontoayellowfireengine.Hundredsoffirefightersfromalloverthestatejoinedtheprocession(行列)throughNewmarkstreets.Childrenwatchedsilentlyfromschoolwindows.ThedayMarcusdied,hisheartwasgivenawaytoayounggirl.HisfamilysaidthatitwasthesecondlifeMarcushadsaved.
1.Afterreachingthetopoftheladder,Marcus________.
A.wasveryterrifiedandanxious
B.wasknockedoffandgothurt
C.founditdifficulttogetdown
D.couldn’tseeanythingclearly
2.Theunderlinedword“unconscious”inParagraph2means“________”.
A.homelessB.breathless
C.helplessD.senseless
3.WecaninferfromtheendofthetextthatMarcus’familymightfeel________.
A.sorrowfulbutproud
B.depressedbutexcited
C.angryanddoubtful
D.worriedandsurprised
【答案】1.B2.D3.A
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。
记叙了消防员马库斯在救人时不幸受伤脑死亡,受到了全国人民的缅怀和纪念的故事。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。
根据第二段中SuddenlyMarcusfellbackwardsofftheladder,withthelargewomansittingonhim.Marcuslandedfirst—hittingawallbesidethefrontstairs-andbrokethewoman’sfall.(突然马库斯从梯子上向后摔了下来,那个大个子女人坐在他身上。
马库斯先着地,撞上了前面楼梯旁的一堵墙,摔断了这名女子的腿。
)以及最后一句Whenthefireofficerreachedhim,Marcuswasunconscious.(当消防队员赶到他身边时,马库斯已经失去了知觉。
)可知到达梯子的顶端后,马库斯被撞倒受伤了。
故选B。
【2题详解】
词义猜测题。
根据下文Withinanhour,adoctortoldthementhatMarcuswasnearlybraindead,andwouldonlygetworse.可知不到一个小时,一名医生告诉他们,马库斯几乎已经脑死亡,情况只会变得更糟。
可知当消防队员赶到他身边时,马库斯受了伤已经失去了知觉。
到医院后马库斯几乎已经脑死亡了。
故可推测划线单词意思为“无意识的”,故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。
根据最后一段OnJanuary6,firefightersliftedMarcus’coffin-coveredwithanAmericanflag-ontoayellowfireengine.HundredsoffirefightersfromalloverthestatejoinedtheprocessionthroughNewmarkstreets.Childrenwatchedsilentlyfromschoolwindows.ThedayMarcusdied,hisheartwasgivenawaytoayounggirl.HisfamilysaidthatitwasthesecondlifeMarcushadsaved.(1月6日,消防队员将马库斯的棺材抬上黄色的消防车,棺材上覆盖着美国国旗。
来自全国各地的数百名消防员加入了纽马克街道的游行队伍。
孩子们从学校的窗户静静地看着。
马库斯死的那天,他的心被献给了一个年轻的女孩。
他的家人说,这是马库斯救的第二次生命。
)可知马库斯受到了大家的纪念和缅怀,因此家人感到悲伤却很骄傲。
故选A。
【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一,可以大致分为
①定义猜词,可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。
如文中常用referto,becalled或that’stosay,suchas等。
②逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义,例如,similarly,thesameas,but,however,while,ontheotherhand,since,because等,所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。
③语法猜词,可以根据构词法,再结合上下文进行猜词。
④语境猜词,猜测词义离不开上下文的语境,通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析,同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。
⑤指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容,做题时要注意指代词的位置,以便于判断,然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词,核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致,最后比较所找部分与选项,确定意思最接近的选项。
如第二小题,根据下文Withinanhour,adoctortoldthementhatMarcuswasnearlybraindead,andwouldonlygetworse.可知不到一个小时,一名医生告诉他们,马库斯几乎已经脑死亡,情况只会变得更糟。
可知当消防队员赶到他身边时,马库斯受了伤已经失去了知觉。
到医院后马库斯几乎已经脑死亡了。
故可推测划线单词意思为“无意识的”,故选D。
B
Nowadays,peopleallovertheworldhavevariouswaysofdealingwithacommoncold.Sometakeover-the-counter(非处方的)medicinessuchasaspirinwhileotherstrypopularhomeremedies(治疗)likeherbalteaorchickensoup.However,hereisthetoughtruthaboutthecommoncold:
nothingreallycuresit.
Thenwhydopeoplesometimesstillbelievethattheirremedieswork?
AccordingtoJamesTaylor,aprofessorattheUniversityofWashington,coldsusuallygoawayontheirowninaboutaweek,improvingalittleeachdayaftersymptomspeak,soit’seasytobelieveit’smedicineratherthantimethatdeservestobepraised,USATodayreported.
Tomanyofus,itstillseemshardtobelievethatwecandealwithmoreseriousdiseasesyetarepowerlessagainstsomethingascommonasacold.Recently,scientistscameclosertofiguringoutwhy.Tounderstandit,youfirstneedtoknowhowantiviral(抗病毒的)drugswork.Theyattackthevirusbyattachingtoandchangingthesurfacestructuresofthevirus.Todothat,thedrugmustfitandlockintothevirusliketherightpieceofajigsaw(拼图),whichmeansscientistshavetoidentifythevirusandbuilda3-Dmodeltostudyitssurfacebeforetheycandevelopanantiviraldrugthatiseffectiveenough.
Thetwocoldvirusesthatscientistshadlongknownaboutwererhinovirus(鼻病毒)AandB.Buttheydidn’tfindoutabouttheexistenceofathirdvirus,rhinovirusC,until2006.Allthreeofthemleadtothecommoncold,butdrugsthatworkwellagainstrhinovirusAandBdon’tworkwellwhenusedagainstC.
“ThisaccountsformostofthepreviousfailuresofdrugtrialsagainstThinovirus,”studyleaderProfessorAnnPalmenbergatUniversityofWisconsin-Madison,US,toldScienceDaily.
Now,morethan10yearsafterthediscoveryofrhinovirusC,scientistshavefinallybuiltahighly-detailed3-Dmodelofthevirus,showingthatthesurfaceofthevirusis,asexpected,differentfromthatofothercoldviruses.
Withthemodelinhand,hopefullyarealcureforacommoncoldisonitsway.Soon,wemaynolongerhavetowasteourmoneyonmedicinesthatdon’treallywork.
4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofpopularremediesforcuringacommoncold?
A.Theyarereallyquiteeffective.
B.Theyareslightlyhelpful.
C.Theystillneedtobeimproved.
D.Theyactuallydon’twork.
5.Howdoantiviraldrugswork?
A.Byidentifyingthevirusesandbreakingthemupdirectly.
B.Byreshapingthetoplayersofthetargetcoldviruses.
C.Byattackingthevirusesoneafteranotherlikefinishingajigsaw.
D.Byabsorbingdifferentkindsofcoldvirusesatthesametime.
6.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?
A.Thesurfaceofcoldviruseslooksquitesimilar.
B.Scientistshavealreadyfoundacureforthecommoncold.
C.Knowingthestructureofcoldvirusesisthekeytodevelopinganeffectivecure.
D.ScientistswerenotawareoftheexistenceofrhinovirusCuntilrecently.
7.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?
A.Drugsagainstcoldviruses
B.Helpfulhomeremedies
C.Nocurrentcureforcommoncold
D.Researchoncoldviruses
【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.C
这是一篇说明文。
如今,世界各地的人们都有不同的方法来对付感冒。
一些人服用阿司匹