高中英语译林版必修④Unit 3 课下主题训练自然科学研究成果.docx

高中英语译林版必修④Unit 3 课下主题训练自然科学研究成果.docx

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高中英语译林版必修④Unit3课下主题训练自然科学研究成果

必修④Unit3课下主题训练自然科学研究成果

课时作业

（一）

一、主题语基拓展练

（一）主题词汇盘查

（已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记）

①download　　　　　□　　　　②command　　　　　□

③systematic□④platform□

⑤blog□⑥address□

⑦operate□⑧replace□

⑨calculate□

process□

⑪drawback□⑫communicate□

⑬surf□⑭intelligent□

⑮guarantee□⑯automatic□

⑰file□⑱digital□

⑲scan□⑳instant□

（二）主题词汇训练

Ⅰ.选词填空（有两词多余）

download,communicate,surf,file,blog,address,process,drawback,command,platform

1．WhenBarbieuxstartedhisblog,_hesimplyhopedtocommunicatewithafewpeople.

2．Mostofthefoodwebuyisprocessedinsomeway.

3．Besuretosavetherevisedversionofthefileunderanewfilename.

4．BeforeIsetoff,Ienteredthecommandintomynavigationalcomputer.

5．ManypeoplenowwouldrelyonsurfingtheInternetratherthanreadnewspapersfornews.

6．Hetoldmetosendhislettersontohisnewaddresswhenhemoved.

7．Microblogcanprovideaplatformtoshowourtalentandreleaseourpressure.

8．Parentsandchildrenshouldcommunicatemoretonarrowthegenerationgapbetweenthem.

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1．Teacherswillneverbereplacedbycomputersintheclassroom.

2．ThereisnodoubtthattheInternetmakescommunication（communicate）easierandhelpsuskeepupwiththelatestinformation.

3．Butwhenhelookedtotheside,hesawinstantly（instant）thatitwasn'tadogatall,butawolf.

4．IhaveagoodcommandofbusinessEnglish,andbeexperiencedincomputeroperation（operate）．

5．Theintelligent（intelligence）robotswillreplacehumanbeingsinrescuingpeopleindangeroussituations.

6．Atonetime,computerswereexpectedlargelytoremovetheneedforpapercopiesofdocumentsbecausetheycouldbestoreddigitally（digital）．

Ⅲ.写出下列句中蓝色词的汉语意思

1．However,alotofIntellectualProperty,includingsongs,films,booksandartworks,canbedownloadedtodayfreeofchargeusingtheInternet.下载

2．Thecomputerwasprogrammedtocalculatedistancesbetweentwoobjects.计算

3．Itoldthegentlemanthatthedoorhadanautomaticopener,andhedidnotneedtostaytoholditopen.自动的

4．Alotofresearchisbeingconductedinthisarea,butsofar,thebrainscanningequipmentandcorrespondingcomputerprogramshaven'tbeenabletoactuallyreadthoughts.扫描

5．Inthissection,wepresentabriefbutsystematicdiscussionoffunctions（函数）andtheirgraphs.系统的

Ⅳ.用本单元词汇替换/升级加黑词汇

1．Mostdomesticfreezersoperateatbelow－18°C.function

2．Hefelttheapartment'sonlydrawbackwasthatitwastoosmall.disadvantage

3．Peoplebegantobeworriedabouttheairpollutionhere.be_concerned_about

二、主题语篇押题练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Chinarecentlycompletedaninflightconfirmationforsatellitedragfreecontroltechnology,markingastepforwardinthecountry'sspacebasedgravitationalwave（引力波）detectionprogram.

StateownedChinaAerospaceScienceandTechnologyCorporation（CASC）confirmedthesuccesswiththeTianqin1,thecountry'sfirstsatelliteforspacebasedgravitationalwavedetection,onSaturday.Dragfreecontroltechnologyblocksforcesthataffectasatellite,excludinggravity,soitcanremainstable,thereportsaid,notingthatforcesneedtobecanceledincludingsunlightpressureandatmosphericdrag.

Basedonflightdata,thenewtechnologyreducedexternal（外部的）forcesontheTianqin1'saccelerationbylessthan1400millionthofthegravitationalacceleration,markingabetterresultthantheEuropeanSpaceAgency'sGOCEsatellite's1300millionth.Theresultssuggestthatexternalforceshaveanaccelerationeffectoflessthanahumanyawn,thereportsaid.Moreover,theChinesetechnologywassuccessfulinreducingthedisplacementfromexternalforcesto30nanometers,or14,000thofthediameterofanadulthumanhairstrand.ItisalsobetterthantheinternationallywellknownLISAsatellite's40nanometers,accordingtoScienceandTechnologyDaily.

ThetworesultshavesignificanttheoreticalandpracticalvalueindetectingEarth'sgravitationalfield,accordingtothereport.Withthislatestachievement,theTianqin1hasproventhelevelofitstechnology.

TheresearchinstituteunderCASCstartedconductingrelatedresearchin2010,accordingtoScienceandTechnologyDaily,whichalsonotedthatChinastillneedstimetopracticallyapplythetechnologytogravitationalwavedetection.LaunchedonDecember20,2019,theTianqin1isChina'sfirsttechnologydemonstrationsatelliteintheTianqingravitationalwavedetectionprogram.StartedbytheSunYatsenUniversityin2015,theprogramwilleventuallyconsistofthreesatellitesthatwillformatrianglearoundEarth.

语篇解读：

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了“天琴一号”卫星上应用的无拖拽控制技术，该技术体现了中国科技的进步。

1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?

A．Gravitationalwavedetection.

B．Dragfreecontroltechnology.

C．Acertainspacesatellite.

D．Sunlightpressure.

解析：

选C　代词指代题。

根据第二段中的“Dragfreecontroltechnologyblocksforcesthataffectasatellite,excludinggravity,soitcanremainstable”可知，无拖拽控制技术可以阻止除引力外影响卫星的力，因此卫星可以保持稳定，故画线词it指的是“卫星”，故C项正确。

2．WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinParagraph3?

A．Ourtechnologyishighlyadvanced.

B．TheTianqin1iswidelyknownworldwide.

C．TheLISAsatelliteisatotalsuccess.

D．TheTianqin1'saccelerationisincreased.

解析：

选A　推理判断题。

第三段前半部分说中国的新技术比欧洲的先进，无拖拽控制技术使得外力对加速度的影响比打哈欠给人带来的加速度的影响还要小，后半部分强调这一技术优于国际著名的LISA卫星应用的技术，故本段的主要目的是向读者展示中国先进的科技，故A项正确。

3．WhatisTRUEabouttheTianqin1?

A．Itwassentintospacein2015.

B．Itguaranteesgreateraccuracywhenworking.

C．Itstillneedstimetoremainstable.

D．Itcancreategravitationalwaves.

解析：

选B　推理判断题。

根据第三段最后两句可知，中国这一技术（无拖拽控制技术）将外力引起的卫星移位控制在了30纳米，优于国际著名的LISA卫星的40纳米。

由此可推知“天琴一号”在工作时可以保证较高的准确性。

故B项正确。

4．Whereisthispassageprobablytakenfrom?

A．Anartmagazine.　　　　B．Atravelbrochure.

C．Amathematicessay.D．Asciencejournal.

解析：

选D　文章出处题。

根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了中国航天事业上的科技进步，故本文很有可能选自科学杂志，故D项正确。

B

Scientistshavedevelopedanewtypeofsmartbandage（绷带）thatcansignalthetypeofbacterial（细菌的）infectionit'sprotecting,justlikeatrafficlight,aswellasreleasetherighttypeofdrugsondemand.Thetrafficlightsystemworksjustlikethis:

Greenmeansnobacteriaoralowconcentrationofbacteria,yellowmeansdrugsensitive（DS）bacteriaresponsivetostandardantibiotics（抗生素）andthatcausesantibioticrelease,andredmeansdrugresistant（DR）bacteriathatneedextrahelptobewipedout.

Intestingthebandageonmice,theresearchteamwasabletosuccessfullytreatbothDSandDRinfectionsusingthenewmethod.However,thecommonmethodsofsensingresistancearelimitedbytime,therequirementforprofessionalpersonnel,andexpensiveinstruments.Moreover,theabuseofantibioticscausestheacceleratedprocessofbacterialresistance.

It'seasytoseehowasimplebandageandlightcouldovercomesomeoftheselimitations.Treatmentdoesn'thavetowaitforadoctortomakeadiagnosis,andthebandagecangettherightsortofdrugsappliedattheearliestopportunity.What'smore,thepersonwearingthebandagegetsrealtimefeedbackonwhat'shappeningwiththeinfection,ifthere'saninfection.Theresearcherssayitoffersnumerousbenefitsoverexistingtreatmentsthatmakeuseoflight,includingphotodynamictherapyorPDT.

We'vebeenseeingquiteafewupgradestothetraditionalbandageinrecentyears,thankstoadvancesinscience—likethenanofibremeshthatattractsbacteriaanddrawssomeofthemout,speedingupthehealingprocess.Thenthere'sthenovelbandagefortreatingburns,whichstopsbacteriafrommultiplyingandlowerstheriskofinfection.

Themoreworkthatabandagecandowhileit'sprotectingawound,thebetter.Effortstoimprovebandagescontinueandnowwe'vegotabandagethatnotonlyreleasesantibiotics,butalsotellsthepatientexactlywhat'sgoingontoo.

语篇解读：

本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了一种新型绷带的工作原理和特点。

5．Whatisthesmartbandagemainlydesignedtodo?

A．Avoidtheuseofantibiotics.

B．Clearoutharmfulbacteria.

C．Detectbacterialinfection.

D．Increasetreatmentoptions.

解析：

选C　细节理解题。

根据第一段第一句可知，智能绷带能显示出它所保护的细菌感染类型。

此处signal意为“标志，表明，预示”，C项符合语境。

6．Whatistheadvantageofthesmartbandage?

A．Itsavesmuchtimeandcost.

B．Itremovestheriskofinfection.

C．Itpreventsthebacterialresistance.

D．Itimprovesthedoctorpatientrelationship.

解析：

选A　推理判断题。

根据第二段第二、三句和第三段第二句可知，智能绷带可以节省时间和花费。

7．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A．Traditionalbandagesareoutofusenow.

B．Moresmartbandageswillbedeveloped.

C．Progressinsciencecallsformoreresearch.

D．Peopleareurgedtostudymedicalscience.

解析：

选B　推理判断题。

根据最后两段的首句可知，随着科技进步，将有更多的新型绷带会被开发出来。

8．Whatdoesthetextfocuson?

A．Asuccessfultestonmice.

B．Acolourchangingbandage.

C．Sensingdrugresistantbacteria.

D．Preventingabuseofantibiotics.

解析：

选B　主旨大意题。

综合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一种新型的智能绷带的工作原理和特点。

Ⅱ.应用文写作

假定你是李华。

学校最近要组织一次英语演讲比赛，主题为“垃圾分类益处多”，请你根据此话题写一篇演讲稿。

要点如下：

1．你的观点；

2．你的建议。

注意：

1.词数80左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：

垃圾分类garbageclassification

参考范文：

Hello,everyone!

I'mgladtohavethischancetosharesomeideasaboutgarbageclassificationwithyou.

Tomyunderstanding,theEarthishometoeveryindividual,andit'sourdutytoprotecttheenvironmentvoluntarily.Bysortingthewaste,wecannotonlyreducepollutionbutalsosaveenergy,whichwillpavethewayforrecyclingofvaluableresources.

Forthesakeofourenvironmentandlife,weareexpectedtolearntosorttherubbishandmakeitahabit.

Thankyou!

课时作业

（二）

一、主题语基拓展练

（一）主题词汇盘查

（已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记）

①produce　　　　　□　　　　②contribution　　　　□

③advanced□④prospect□

⑤exactly□⑥memory□

⑦realize□⑧prosperous□

⑨decoration□

message□

⑪convenient□⑫revolution□

⑬invention□⑭challenge□

⑮breakthrough□⑯stable□

⑰matter□⑱fashionabl