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WaltWhitman
EmilyDickinson
TheAgeofRealism
WilliamDeanHowells
HenryJames
MarkTwain
StephenCrane
BenjaminFrankNorris
TheodoreDreiser
EdwinArlingtonRobinson
JackLondon
O.Henry
UptonSinclair
1.JohnSmith(1580-1631)
ThefirstAmericanwriterwritinginEnglish
TheGeneralHistoryofVirginia(1624)(Pocahontas)
ADescriptionofNewEngland(1614)
AMapofVirginia;
WithaDescriptionoftheCountry(1612)
2.WilliamBradford(1590-1657)
FatherofAmericanhistory
ThefirstgovernorofthePlymouthPlantation(1620)
HistoryofPlymouthPlantation(1630,1856)
3.JohnWinthrop(1588-1657)
ThefirstgovernoroftheMassachusettsBayColony
ThewriterwhobestexpressedthePuritanfaithinthecolonialperiod
TheHistoryofNewEngland(twovolumes,1825,1826;
1630---1649indiary)
ModelofChristianCharity(sermon)
4.JohnCotton(1584-1652)
ThemosteminentandadmiredministerinthefirstgenerationofNewEnglandPuritans.
5.RogerWilliams(1603-1683)
TranslatedtheBibleintotheIndiantongue
Apuritandissenter,astaunchfighterforfreedomanddemocracy
TheBloodyTenetofPersecutionforCauseofConscience(1644)
AKeyintotheLanguageofAmerica
6.CottonMather(1663-1728)
Aninexhaustiblewriter,producingmorethan500booksonanincrediblevarietyofsubjects
Askillfulpreacher,agreatPuritanhistorian,aneminenttheologian,agraduateofHarvardCollege
TheMagnaliaChristiAmerica
(TheEcclesiasticalHistoryofNewEngland)
7.JonathanEdwards(1703-1758)
America’sfirstsystematicphilosopher
Contributedto“GreatAwakening”(1730s-1740s)and“Transcendentalism”
ForerunneroftheAmericantranscendentalism
SinnersintheHandsofanAngryGod(bestandmostrepresentativesermon)
TheFreedomoftheWill(1754)(masterpiece)
TheGreatDoctrineofOriginalSinDefended(1758)
TheNatureofTrueVirtue(1765)
ImagesorShadowsofDivineThings
8.AnnBradstreet(1612-1672)
ThefirstAmericanwomanpoet
APuritanpoet
TheTenthMuseLatelySprungupinAmerica(1650)
Contemplations
“ToMyDearandLovingHusband”
“TheFleshandtheSpirit”
9.EdwardTaylor(1642-1729)
Themostfamouspoetinthecolonialperiod
Ameditativepoet(baroque);
Apuritanpoet
PreparatoryMeditations
Huswifery
UponaSpiderCatchingaFly
ThePoemsofEdwardTaylor(1960)
TheAgeofReasonandRevolution
1.BenjaminFranklin(1706-1790)
OneoftheFoundingFathersoftheUSA
PoorRichard’sAlmanac(1732-1758)
TheAutobiographyofBenjaminFranklin/Memoirs
2.ThomasPaine(1737-1809)
CommonSense(January10,1776)
TheAmericanCrisis(December,1776)
TheRightsofMan
TheAgeofReason
AgrarianJustice
3.JohndeCrevecoeur(1735-1813)
LettersfromanAmericanFarmer(1775)(12letters)
4.JohnWoolman(1663-1728)
Journal
“SomeConsiderationsontheKeepingofNegroes”
“APleaforthePoor”
5.PhilipFreneau(1752-1832)
PoetoftheAmericanRevolution(18thcentury)
ThefirstAmerican-bornpoet;
FatherofAmericanpoetry
EstablishedtheNationalGazetteinPhiladelphiain1791withThomasJefferson’ssupport
TheRisingGloryofAmerica
TheBritishPrisonShip(1871)
TotheMemoryoftheBraveAmericans(1871)
OntheMemorableVictoryofJohnPaulJones
TheIndianBuryingGround
TheDyingIndian:
TomoChequi
TheWildHoneysuckle
6.PhilisWheatley(1754-1784)
ThefirstblackwomanpoetinAmericanliterature
OnMessrsHusseyandCoffin(1770)
PoemsonVariousSubjects(1773)
7.CharlesBrockdenBrown
ThefirstimportantAmericannovelist
Wieland/TheTransformation:
AnAmericanTale(1798)(firstAmericannovel)
EdgarHuntly(1799)
Ormond(1799)
AurthurMervyn(1800)
TheBeginningofAmericanRomanticism1810~1840
1.WashingtonIrving(1783-1859)
FatherofAmericanliterature
FatherofAmericanshortstory
ThefirstAmericanwriterofimaginativeliteraturetogaininternationalfame
ThefirstprosestylistofAmericanRomanticism
“theAmericanGoldsmith”
TheHistoryofNewYorkfromtheBeginningoftheWorldtotheEndoftheDutchDynasty(1809)
TheSketchBookofGeoffreyCrayon,Gent(1819-1820)
“RipVanWinkle”
“TheLegendofSleepyHollow”
TheHistoryoftheLifeandVoyagesofChristopherColumbus(1828)
AChronicleoftheConquestofGranada(1829)
TheAlhambra(1832)
LifeofGoldsmith
LifeofWashington
2.JamesFenimoreCooper(1789-1851)
ThefirstimportantAmericannovist.
AmasterofadventurousnarrativeandthecreatorofanAmericanhero-myth
ThecreatorofseanovelsandtheAmericanfrontiernovels
TheSpy
ThePilot
LeatherstockingTales(NattyBumpoo)
“ThePioneers”(1823)
“TheLastoftheMohicans”(1826)
“ThePrairie”(1827)
“ThePathfinder”(1840)
“TheDeerslayer”(1841)
NewEnglandTranscendentalism1830~1850
3.RalphWaldoEmerson(1803-1882)
“Father”ofAmericanliterature
SpokesmanofNewEnglandTranscendentalism
Nature(1836)(BibleofNewEnglandTranscendentalism)
TheAmericanScholar(1837)(America’sDeclarationofIntellectualIndependence)
DivinitySchoolAddress(1838)
“TheTranscendentalist”
“Self-Reliance”
RepresentativeMan(1850)
EnglishTraits(1856)
TheRhodora(1846)
4.HenryDavidThoreau(1817-1862)
CivilDisobedience(1849)(Concordjailexperience)
Walden/LifeintheWoods(Jul.4,1845–Sept.6,1847)
AWeekontheConcordandMerrimackRivers(1838)
“APleaforJohnBrown”
AmericanRenaissance1830~1860
5.NathanielHawthorne(1804–1864)
ThemostambivalentwriterinAmericanliteraturehistory
Amasterofsymbolism
Salem,Massachusetts
Twice-toldTales(1837)
MossesfromanOldManse(1846)
“YoungGoodmanBrown”(1835)
“TheMinister’sBlackVeil”
“TheBirthmark”
“Rappaccini’sDaughter”
TheScarletLetter(1850)
TheHouseoftheSevenGables(1851)
TheBlithedaleRomance(1852)
TheMarbleFaun(1860)
Fanshawe(1828)
6.HermanMelville(1819-1891)
Receivedrecognitionuntil1920s
MobyDick/TheWale(1851)(Ishmael,Ahab,MobyDick)
Typee:
APeepatPlynesianLife(1846)
Omoo:
ANarrativeofAdventuresintheSouthSeas(1847)
Mardi:
AndaVoyageThither(1849)
Redburn:
HisFirstVoyage(1849)
WhiteJacket/TheWorldinaMan-of-War(1850)
Pierre/TheAmbiguities(1852)
TheConfidence-Man:
HisMasquerade(1857)
BartlebytheScrivener(1853)
BenitoCereno(1855)
BillyBudd(1889,1924)
Clarel(1876)
7.EdgarAllanPoe(1809–1849)
Originatorandfatherofdetectivestory
Fatherofpsychoanalyticcriticism
TalesoftheGrotesqueandArabesque
FalloftheHouseoftheUsher
TheMurdersintheRueMorgue(1841)
TheRaven(1844)
“AnnableLee”
“ToHelen”
“Alone”
“TheTell-TaleHeart”
ThePhilosophyofComposition(1846)
ThePoeticPrinciple(1850)
8.WaltWhitman(1819–1892)
Apoetoffreeverse;
Transitionalfigure
LeavesofGrass(1855to1892nineeditions)(12poems-383poems)
“SongofMyself”(1855)(1336lines)
“OCaptain!
MyCaptain!
”
“WhenLilacsLastintheDooryardBloom’d”
“IHearAmericaSinging”
9.EmilyDickinson(1830-1886)
Ofthe1775poem,only7poemwerepublishedinherlifetime
ThePoemsofEmilyDickinson(1955ThomsonH.Johnson)
“MyLifeClosedTwiceBeforeItsClose”
“WildNights–WildNights”
“DeathisaDialogueBetween”
“IReckonWhenICountatall”
“TellalltheTruthbuttellitSlant”
WilliamCullenBryant(1794–1878)
“ToaWaterfowl”(themostperfectbriefpoeminthelanguage)
HenryWadsworthLongfellow(1807–1882)
Post-romanticist
TheSongofHiawatha
Evangeline
HarrietBeecherStowe
abolitionist
UncleTom’sCabin
TheAgeofRealism(1865–1914)
1.WilliamDeanHowells(1837-1920)
Champion(arbiter)ofliteraryrealisminAmerica
TheRiseofSilasLapham(1885)
CriticismandFiction(1891)
TheirWeddingJourney
AModernInstance(1882)
TheMinister’sCharge
AWorldofChance
AnnieKilburn
AHazardofNewFortunes(1890)
2.HenryJames(1843-1916)
Firstmodernpsychologicalanalyst(Founderofpsychologicalrealism)(stream-of-consciousness)
Psychologicalrealist
TheAmerican(1877)
DaisyMiller(1878)
ThePortraitofaLady(1881)(IsabelArcher)
TheTurnoftheScrew(1898)
WhatMaisieKnew
TheAmbassadors(1903)
TheWingsoftheDove(1902)
TheGoldenBowl(1904)
TheIvoryTower
TheSenseofthePast
TheAmericanScene
MadamedeMauves
“TheArtofFiction”
LocalColorism
3.MarkTwain(1835-1910)
SamuelLanghorneClemens
“thetruefatherofournationalliterature”
Localcolor;
colloquialspeech;
vernacularlanguage;
“aboyandanoldman,butneverwasheaman”
CelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaverasCounty
TheGildedAge(1873)
TheAdventuresofTomSawyer(1876)
TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn(1884)
LifeontheMississippi(1883)
AConnecticutYankeeinKingArthur’sCourt(1889)
TheManThatCorruptedHadleyburg(1900)
TheMysteriousStranger(1916)
Autobiography(1924)
InnocentsAbroad(1869)
RoughingIt(1872)
Pudd’nheadWilson
ThePrinceandthePauper(1882)
AmericanClaimant(1892)
FollowingtheEquator
DisgracefulPersecutionofaBoy
Goldsmith’sFriendAbroadAgain
TheTreatywithChina
TothePersonSittinginDarkness
4.BretHarte(1836-1902)