专四新题型写作讲义Word格式.docx

专四新题型写作讲义Word格式.docx

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2.四级作文考试要求

测试要求:

能根据所给的作文题目、图表或阅读材料等，写一篇200个单词左右的作文。

能做到容相关、充实，语言通顺，用词恰当，表达得体。

考试时间45分钟。

测试形式：

本部分为作答题，要求学生根据题目要求作答。

本部分为命题作文，文章体裁主要属于说明文、议论文或记叙文的围。

测试目的：

测试学生的基本书面表达能力。

3.如何安排45分钟的考试时间：

步骤

时间安排

1.解读材料

10分钟

2.列提纲

3分钟

3.写作文

30分钟

4.检查拼写和语法错误

2分钟

年份

TEM4作文材料长度

2016年

222字

2017年

251字

2018年

275字

2019年

300字

4.评分标准

评分档次

（6个等级）

分数段

（整体描述）

容阐述能力

（10分）

篇章组织能力

（3分）

语言运用能力

（7分）

5

18-20

8.5-10

2.5-3

6.5-7

4

15-17

7.5-8

2-2.5

5.5-6

3

12-14

6-7

1.5-2

4.5-5

2

8-11

5-5.5

1-1.5

3.5-4

1

1-7

1-5

0.5-1

1-3

写作Lesson1:

如何缩写

1.如何对所给材料提出SUMMARY?

第一，字数要求。

缩写的字数不超过原文的三分之一缩写评分要求

第二，缩写必须准确表述文摘的主题和中心容

第三，缩写必须全面抓住材料的所有要点

2.如何抓住材料要点语篇分析训练

1.材料的主题/话题（topic）是什么：

2.材料的要点是什么？

3.专四材料常见类型和常见文章发展模式：

观点型问题解决型因果分析型

4.summary的写作框架

Step1:

引出topic（一句话）

Step2:

介绍材料观点（一句话）

Step3:

概括要点（2-5句话）常见要点类型：

原因、解决办法、积极/消极影响、

5.SUMMARY例分析

Readcarefullythefollowingexcerptonterm-timeholidayargumentsintheUK,andthenwriteyourresponseInNOLESSTHAN200words,inwhichyoushould:

1）summarizethemainmessageoftheexcerpt,andthen

2）commentonwhetherparentsshouldtakechildrenoutofschoolforholidayduringtermtimeinordertosavemoney

Youshouldsupportyourselfwithinformationfromtheexcerpt

Markswillbeawardedforcontentrelevance,contentsufficiency,organizationandlanguagequality.Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks

Term-timeholidayswillbebanned（2016年真题）

ParentsaretobebannedbyMichaelGove,UK’sEducationSecretary,fromtakingtheirchildrenoutofschooltosavemoneyonholidays.

Heistoabolishtherightofheadteachersto"

authoriseabsence"

fromtheclassroom,whichhasbeenusedtoletfamiliestaketerm-timebreaks,andwillwarnthemtheyfacefinesfortheirchildrennotbeingatschool

“Anytimeoutofschoolhasthepotentialtodamageachild’seducation,"

aseniorsourceattheDepartmentforEducationsaidthisweekend."

Thatiswhythegovernmentwillendthedistinctionbetweenauthorisedandunauthorisedabsence.”

“Thisispartofthegovernment’swidercommitmenttobringdowntruancylevelsinourschools.Therewillalsobestricterpenaltiesforparentsandschools.”

ThetoughmeasuresontruancyarepartofawiderattemptbyMr.Govetomakeeducationmoreacademicallyrigorousandtotackleacultureintheeducationalestablishmentwhichhebelieveshasaccepted"

excusesforfailure.”

RussellHobby,thegeneralsecretaryoftheNationalAssociationofHeadTeachers,saidthemeasurewoulddiscourageparentsfromtryingtoputpressureonheadstosanctiontermtimeholidays."

Thehighcostofholidaysoutsideoftermtimeisstillanissuebutultimatelyachild'

seducationismoreimportantthanaholiday,"

hesaid.

卷一：

Term-timeHolidaysShouldBeBanned

Whethertheterm-timeholidaysshouldbebannedhasarousedanheatendiscussionforalongtime.Someinfavorofholdthatthemorepopularterm-timeholidaystheyare,themorebadinfluencechildrenwillhave.However,someagainstitbecausetheythinktaketheirchildrenoutofschoolforholidayduringtermtimecansavemuchmoney.

Frommypointofview,Iaminclinedtobantheterm-timeholidays,….

评价:

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

卷二

Asisknowntoall,itpaystoomuchifwegoonholidaysoutsideoftermtime.Asaresult,someparentsareinclinedtotaketheirchildrenoutofschooltosavemoneyonholidays.

Recently,ahotdiscussionaboutwhetherterm-timeholidaysshouldbebannedattractsourattention.Intermsofthistopic,MichaelGove,UK’SEducationSecretary,isinfavorofit.Asexpertssaid,anytimeoutofschoolwaslikelytodamageachild'

seducation.Theauthoratativescontendthatparentsshouldbefinedfortheirmistakes.Ontheotherhand,somepeoplethinkthepunishmentisexcessivebutachild’seducationismoreimportantthanaholiday.

Frommyperspective,Iholdtheviewthatterm-timeholidaysshouldbebannedforfollowingreasons:

…

卷三

MyOpinionontheTerm-timeHolidays

Thelatestnewsontheterm-timeholidaysrevealsthatparentsaretobebannedfromtakingtheirchildrenawayfromschoolduringterm-time.Thosewhobreakthisnewrulewillfacefinesasaresult.

Theregulationwasestablished,accordingtoaseniorsourceattheDepartmentforEducation,mainlybecausethetimeoutofschoolwoulddoharmtochildren’seducationaldevelopment.Healsomentionedthattheregulationwasanintegralpartofgovernment'

spracticetolowerthetruancylevelsinschools.Thisrigorousmeasureisbelievedtoresolvetheculturalproblemsintheeducationeventually.Additionally,thegeneralsecretaryoftheNationalAssociationofHeadTeachersconsideredthemeasureusefulasitwouldpreventparentsfromtoomuchpressure.

Tothebestofmybelief,itisunwisetobanparentsfromtakingtheirchildrenoutofschoolforholidayinpurposeofsavingmoney.Firstly,….

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

卷四

Ascanbeseenfromtheexcerpt,inUK,thereisafrequentoccurrenceamongparentstotaketheirchildrenoutofschooltoenjoyholidaysduringnormaltermtime.Thisispartlyduetothecostofjourneysincethisbehaviorwillsavethemmoney.However,itcanbesummarizedthatparentsarebannedbyUKSEducationDepartmentfromtakingtheirchildrenoutofacademicstudytogoonholidays.What'

smore,thosewhoviolatetheregulationswouldbefinedandpunished.

卷五

NewresearchhasshownthatnearlyfouroutoftenparentsintheUKhavetakentheirchildrenoutofschooltogoonholidays.Costisthemainreasongivenbyparentsforsacrificingtheirchildren'

seducation.Parentsaretobebanned,however,byUKSEducationAuthorityfromtakingtheirchildrenoutofschooltogoonholidaysduringtermtime.

6.真题研析

2017年专四作文题目

ReadcarefullythefollowingexcerptandthenwriteyourresponseinNOLESSTHAN200words,inwhichyoushould

1）summarizethemainmessageoftheexcerpt,andthen

2）commentonwhetherourbrainswillgetlazyinaworldrunbyintelligentmachines.

Youcansupportyourselfwithinformationfromtheexcerpt.

Withintelligentmachinestodothethinking,willourbrainsgetlazy?

Changingtechnologystimulatesthebrainandincreasesintelligence.Butthatmayonlybetrueifthetechnologychallengesus.Inaworldrunbyintelligentmachines,ourlivescouldgetalotsimpler.Wouldthatmakeuslessintelligent?

Artificialintelligenceistakingovermanyhumanjobs.Forinstance,planesarebeingflownmuchofthetimebyautomaticpilots.Andthecomplexproblemofcontrollingairtrafficaroundlargemodernairportsisalsoachievedbyartificialintelligencethatoperateswellbeyondthecapabilityofmerehumanairtrafficcontrollers.

Artificialintelligenceisembeddedinmanyfeaturesofmodernlifeforthesimplereasonthatintelligentmachinescanalreadyoutperformhumans,includingsomeaptitudeswheretherewasoncethoughttobeahumanadvantage,suchasplayingchess,andwritingpoetry,orevennovels.

Asmachinesgetsmarter,theywilldomoreofourthinkingforusandmakelifeeasier.Inthefuture,theelectronicassistantwilldeveloptothepointthatitservessimilarfunctionsasareallivingbutler,fulfillingrequestssuchas:

"

OrganizeadinnerpartyforsixonThursdayandinvitetheusualguests.”

Atthatpoint,ourlongstrugglewithchallengingtechnologiesisatanend.LikeBertieWooster,wecantakeiteasyknowingthatthehardworkofplanningandorganizingisbeingdonebyabetterbrain-----theelectronicassistant.Starvedofmentaleffort,ourbrainswillregress.

要点总结

Topic

Viewpoint

（谁的观点）

要点

SUMMARY:

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