句子结构高三Word格式文档下载.docx
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Thefutureisbright;
theroadistortuous.前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。
I’veneverseenanyonerunsofast---justwatchDavidgo.
3.复合句：
含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。
包含：
1）名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、*同位语从句）
2）定语从句（限制性定从、非限制性定从）
3）状语从句（方式、地点、时间、条件、让步、原因、结果、目的、比较）
Idon'
tknowwhyhedidn'
tcome.
Thathewaslateagainmadetheteacherangry.
Thereasonforhisbeinglatewasthathewascaughtinthetrafficjam.
There'
snodoubtthatheisareliableperson.
Thisisthefactorywherehisfatherworks.
HewasadmittedtoBeijingUniversity,whichmadeusamazed.
Thoughitwasraining,thegirlstillwentout.
TheforeignvisitorstookalotofpictureswhentheywereattheGreatWall.
MyfatherpromisedmethatifIpassedtheexamhewouldbuymeanIpad2.
Ahthoughwhathehaddonemadetheteacherangry,hestillwouldn’tchangehismind.
二、简单句的五种结构
1）S+Vi（+状语）Theyfailed（atlast）./Itisrainingheavily./He
lives
in
London.
2）S+V（系）+PTheboywasinhisroomdrawing./The
rose
smells
sweet./
Hermotherseemedtohaveknownthetruth.
3）S+Vt+O（+状语）Our
team
beat
all
the
others./Wevisitedthefarmlastweek.
（Vi+介=Vt）Thesoldiersarrivedatthevillageintheevening./Ican'
tagreewithyou.
4）S+Vt+O1+O2Mr.
Li
told
us
an
interesting
story.
/Sheboughtawalletforherhusband.
Theteachershowedussomeoldmaps./Helenthisbiketome.
5）S+Vt+O+OcWeoftenhearhimsingintheroom.
（感官动词）Thegirlsawtheoldladyknockeddownbyacar.
（使役动词）Hewillhavehisbikerepairedthisafternoon.
Youshouldn'
tleavethewaterrunningallthetime.
（建议命令类动词）Theywantedtheirdaughtertolearnthepiano.
（观点类动词）WefinditinterestingtolearnEnglish.
三、并列句标志及考点
1．定义:
由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。
2．标志：
并列连词；
标点符号（分号；
破折号）
3.分句之间的关系：
并列、递进、选择、转折、因果、其它。
4.并列连词：
and;
but;
or;
otherwise;
so;
for（表推断性原因）;
*when（=andatthis/thattime这/那时）*while（表对比“而，却”）
both…and…;
neither…nor…;
either…or…;
not…but…;
notonly…butalso…;
notonly…but…aswell;
5.考点：
1）倒装：
否定词位于句首时，
notonly…butalso…连接的两个分句，前倒后不倒；
neither…nor…连接的两个分句，均要倒装。
2）与非谓语动词作状语的区分：
（观察连词或标点）
_______（walk）alongthestreet,andyouwillfindthetheatre.
_______（walk）alongthestreet,youwillfindthetheatre.
3）与非限定从的区分：
（观察连词或标点或句子是否完整，确定选择关系词或者普通代词/副词）
关系代词/副词普通代词/副词
whohe/she/they
whomhim/her/them
whichit/that/this
whoseits/his/her/their
whenthen
wherethere/here
（1）Shehastwosons,bothof______aredoctors.
Shehastwosons,andbothof______aredoctors.
Shehastwosons;
bothof______aredoctors.
（2）Inthemeetingroom,therearetables,_____youcansittherereading.
Inthemeetingroom,therearetables,_____youcansitreading.
（3）Shelivedinthehouse_______windowswerebroken.
and______windowswerebroken.
thewindows________werebroken.
（4）Hehasgonetocollege,______madeussurprised.
Hehasgonetocollegeand_____madeussurprised.
（5）Hismotherwasill;
in_____casehehadtoaskforaleave.
Hismotherwasill,in_____casehehadtoaskforaleave.
（6）Icalledhimbythewrongname;
for_____mistakeIapologized.
Icalledhimbythewrongname,for_____mistakeIapologized.
（7）Thebookwaswrittenin1946;
since______theeducationsystemhaswitnessedgreatchanges.
Thebookwaswrittenin1946,since______theeducationsystemhaswitnessedgreatchanges.
（8）Hestoodbythewindow;
from________hecouldseewhatwashappeningoutside.
Hestoodbythewindow,from________hecouldseewhatwashappeningoutside.
4）注意身兼并列连词与从属连词功能并且多义的when与while。
四、复合句通观
1.从句有引导词引导；
（连接词/关系词/从属连词）
2.句与句之间为主句和从句关系：
从句+主句；
主句+从句；
从句镶嵌主句之中
3.从句分为三大类：
形容词性从句（即：
定语从句）、
名词性从句（即：
主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句）、
副词性从句（即：
状语从句）。
2.所有从句都用陈述语序。
练习：
划出下列从句并判断其类别：
1.WhenIcameintotheoffice,theteacherswerehavingameeting.
2.ThecomradewithwhomIcameknowsFrench.
3.Whowillgoisnotimportant.
4.Makeamarkwhereyouhaveaquestion.
5.Itdoesn’tmattersomuchwhetheryouwillcomeornot.
6.Sheissuchagoodteacherthateveryoneadmiresher.
7.Myideais（that）wecangetmorecomradestohelpinthework.
8.Tom’sfather,whoisoversixty,stillworksharddayandnight.
9.Childasheis,heknowsalot.
10.Iwonderifitdoesn’train.
11.Heactedasifnothinghadhappened.
12.I’minterestedinwhatyou’vesaid.
13.AsIexpected,hegotthefirstplaceagaininthismid-termexamination.
14.As（So）longasyouworkhard,youcancatchupwiththeotherclassmates
15.Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.
5.复合句考点：
1.）引导词的选择：
通读全句（看空前），判断从句类型
A.定语从句或名词性从句：
再判断从句缺什么成分（看空后）。
1）Weshoulddo______wecantoprotectwildlife.
Weshoulddoall______wecantoprotectwildlife.
A.whichB.thatC.whatD.it
2）Whiledrivingthroughthecity,sheshowedmethebuilding____sheonceworked.
A.thatB.whichC.inwhichD.where
3）Thedoctoradvisedmymothertolive_______theairisfresher.
A.inwhereB.inwhichC.theplacewhereD.where
4）Remembertoputthebook______itbelongs.
Remembertoputthebookat_____itbelongsto.
Remembertoreturnthebookto______itbelongsto.
A.inwhichB.whichC.whatD.whereE.Whom
B.状语从句：
根据语境判断主从句之间的逻辑关系。
（注意一些多义的从属连词如when/while/before/as）
Myfatherlikescomparingthesameproductsindifferentshops,_______hecouldbuybetterandcheaperproducts.A.EventhoughB.notuntilC.sothatD.asif
Scientistssaysitmaybefiveorsixyears_____itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.
A.sinceB.afterC.beforeD.When
_______Ireallydon’tlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.
A.AsB.SinceC.IfD.While
2.）主从句时态呼应
1.I________（tell）herthegoodnewswhenshe________（come）back.
2.Ifit________（notrain）,he_________（arrive）hereontime.
3.Heaskedwhenthey_________（go）tothepartythenextday.
4.MissGreensaidshe_________（be）toBeijingbefore.
5.Doyouknowwhenwe__________（have）afootballmatchthisterm?
6.Youknowhe___________（go）toShanghaialready.
7.Theteachertoldusthatlight__________（travel）fasterthansound.
8.WhenIwasastudent,myteacheroftentoldusthattimeandtide________（wait）fornoman.
9.He___________（work）atthefactorysincehe_________（come）here.
10.It_____（be）alongtimesincewe________（meet）last.
11.Whenhe______（get）there,thetrain__________（leave）
12.He_______（say）he__________（visit）theschoolbefore.
13.She_________（tell）meherfather_______（die）in1960.
14.Hesawtheboywhosemother______（be）ourteacher.
15.It______（be）notsohotyesterdayasit_____（be）today.
16.Hardly______we______（go）outwhenit________（begin）torain.
17.Nosooner______he______（get）onthebusthansomeone______（call）outhisname.
18.It/Thisisthefirsttimethattheboy__________（win）thefirstprizeinthespeechcontest.
19.It/Thatwasthebestfilm（that）I__________（see）before.
3.）主从句的语序：
A.从句均要用陈述语序：
HeaskedmewhatIwasthinkingabout.
He
asked
me
what
was
matter
with
me.
Canyouimaginewhatlifewillbelikewithoutmusic?
（*Whatwilllifebelikewithoutmusic?
）
Shelookssad.Couldyoupleasetellme____thatpreventsherfrombeingashappyasbefore?
A.whatitisB.whatisitC.whatitwasD.howwasit
B.含有特定条件状语从句的主句需倒装。
Onlywhenhearriveddidthemeetingbegan.
Hardlyhadwegoneoutwhenthetelephonerang.
Notuntilhermothercamebackdidthegirlgotobed.
Nosoonerhadtheysettledthemselvesintheirseatsthanthefilmbegan.
4.）主谓一致（主从、连接/关系代词作主语）
A.关系代词作主语时，定语从句谓语动词在人称和数方面与先行词保持一致;
若非限定从指代整个主句内容时，从句谓语动词用单数形式。
I,who_____（be）yourteacher,willtrymybesttohelpyou.
Toownacomputerinfamilies,whichwethought_____（be）impossibletwentyyearsago,nowbecomestrue.
Atruefriendwillsaysomewordsthat_____（be）niceandwarm.
TheGreatWallisoneoftheworld-famousbuildingsthat______（draw）lotsofvisitors.
TheGreatWallistheonlyoneofthebuildingsontheearththat___（be）seenfromthemoon.
LiDongisn’ttheonlyoneoftheboyswho______（be）fromthecountrysideinourclass.
Britainisoneoftheonly3membersofEuropeanUnionthat_____（have）chosennottoreplacetheirowncurrencieswiththeeuro.
HehasbeenadmittedtoBeijingUniversity,which_____（make）hisparentsquitehappy.
Istillremembertheteachersandtheschoolthat_____（be）talkedofyesterdayevening.
B.主语从句做主语相当于单三人称作主语，谓语动词用单数;
由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词仍用单数;
由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用复数；
而what引导的主语从句，谓语动词要视表语而定。
表语是单数名词时，谓语动词用单数；
反之则用复数。
When
meeting
will
begin
_____（have）
not
been
decided
yet.
Whenandwheretheywillholdtheconference_____（have）notbeendecided.
they
start
and
where
go
____（have）
yet.
WhatIamafraidof_____（be）theirtakinghimtoJapan.
Whattheywanttoget_____（be）anumberofgoodbooks.
C.It引导的强调句结构中，无论所强调的是单数还是复数，都应用Itis/was。
如强调的是主语，that/who后的谓语要与主语一致。
It’sthosestudentsthat/who_____（have）madesomanymistakes.
Itisthecarelessdriverwho_____（be）toblame.
5.）从句的省略
1）名词性从句：
疑问词+不定式
Onemustlearnhowtolearnallbyoneself.=howhecanlearn...
Thequestioniswheretogetsuchacomput
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