第03讲阅读理解之词句猜测题高考英语二轮复习大提升增分策略全国通用Word文件下载.docx
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"
Andthat'
swhatmattered-landingtricks,beingagoodskater.
29.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“Safe!
”probablymean?
A.Becareful!
B.Welldone!
C.Noway!
D.Don'
tworry!
答案B
解析词义猜测题。
根据画线词后文“Andthat'
swhatmattered-landingtricks,beingagoodskater”可知:
真正重要的是滑板的落地技巧掌握了才能算一名好的滑板玩家。
再根据上句中的“whenIlandedthetrick,myfriendsbeattheirboardsloud,shouting...”可知:
作者掌握了滑板落地技巧,因此他的朋友大声欢呼,夸赞他干得漂亮。
因此可以推出本句的Safe是赞美的含义。
故选B。
二、代词指代题--就近与逻辑一致原则
(2020·
新高考全国卷I)Inthemid-1990s,TomBisselltaughtEnglishasavolunteerinUzbekistan.Heleftaaftersevenmonths,physicallybrokenandhavinglosthismind.Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.Hisvisit,however,endeupinvolvingalotmorethanthat.Hencethisbook,ChasingtheSea:
LostAmongtheGhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia..
9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"
that”inParagraph2referto?
A.Developingaseriousmentaldisease.B.TakingaguidedtourinCentralAsia.
C.WorkingasavolunteerinUzbekistan.D.WritinganarticleabouttheAralSea.
答案D
解析代词猜测题。
根据第二段的第一句话“他再次访问乌兹别克斯坦的结果比那要多得多”可推知that指代上一段的最后一句话也就是他去那里的目的,即写一本关于theAralSea消失的书。
故选D。
【刷名校真题】
语法填空练习
学校:
___________姓名:
___________班级:
___________考号:
___________
一、阅读理解
In1849,travelersgoingfromtheEastCoasttotheWestCoastoftheU.S.hadthreechoices.Theycouldgobywagon(马车)acrossthedangerousland.TheycouldtravelbyseatoPanama,crossPanamabyfoot,andthensailtotheWestCoast.ThethirdchoicewastoboardasailingshipinNewYorkboundforCalifornia.Thejourneytooklong.Severeweathercouldaddasmuchasfiveextramonthstothetrip.
CouldtherebeanyotherwaytotravelfromtheAtlantictothePacific?
Theanswerwasacanal.Acanalisahuman-madewaterway.
Inthe1850s,theU.S.andBritainnegotiatedtreaty(条约)fortherightstobuildcanal.However,thiscanalwasneverbuilt.
Panamawasanotherlogicaloptionforacanal.WithacanalinPanama,traveltimecouldbethreemonthsinsteadofeightmonths.
In1879,FrancebegantobuildacanalacrossPanama.ThisprojectwasledbyFerdinand,theexperiencedbuilderoftheSuezCanalinEgypt.TheFrenchgovernmentfeltthathecouldgetthejobdone.
Unfortunately,problemsbeganassoonasconstructionstarted.Itrainedeverydayandtemperaturesclimbedashighas130degrees.Tropicaldiseasescausedillnessordeathtothemajorityofworkers.Thesefactorsputagreatdealofstressontheproject.Themoneyassignedtobuildthecanalquicklyranout.In1899,Franceabandonedtheproject.
TheU.S.Congressdecidedtofinishthecanal.TheU.S.governmentpaid$40milliontoFranceforthecompletedworkandabandonedequipment.In1903,atreatybetweentheU.S.andPanamawassignedpayingPanama$10millionforthelandforthecanal.Thistreatyalsoguaranteed$250,000toPanamaeachyearfortheuseofitslandandensureditsindependence.Thisdealwasviewedasamajorforeignpolicyachievementatthetime.
Byearly1913,thecanalwasnearlycomplete.OnSeptember26,1931,anoldtugboatwasthefirstshipthroughthecanal.Thousandsofpeoplewatchedandcheered.
Time,money,andpossiblyevenliveshavebeensavedasshipsusetheshorterroutefromoceantooceanprovidedbythecanal.ThePanamaCanal,ahighwayofwater,isaphenomenon.
1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“phenomenon”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?
A.DisasterB.Wonder.C.Case.D.Supply.
2.WhatcausedFrancetostopworkonthecanal?
A.FranceincorrectlybelievedinFerdinand.
B.FerdinandmanagedanothercanalprojectinEgypt.
C.Tropicaldiseasesinfectedmostworkersontheproject
D.TheU.S.governmentpaidFranceandtookovertheproject.
3.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthebuildingofthePanamaCanal?
A.ItcausedfeelingsofhatebetweenFranceandtheU.S.
B.ItstrengthenedtherelationshipbetweenPanamaandtheU.S.
C.ItunitedthepeoplelivingontheeastandwestcoastsoftheU.S.
D.ItcreatedpressureontherelationshipbetweenBritainandtheU.S.
4.Whatisthepurposeforwritingthetext?
A.TopersuadereaderstovisittheCanal.
B.ToinformreadersabouttheCanalanditshistory.
C.TotellinterestingfactsaboutwhobuilttheCanal.
D.TostatebuildingtheCanalwasagoodpoliticaldecision.
【来源】江西省八所重点中学(九江一中、吉安一中等)2021届高三下学期4月联考英语试题(含听力)
【答案】1.B
2.C
3.B
4.B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。
文章介绍了巴拿马运河的建造历史及其意义。
1.
词句猜测题。
通读全文,根据最后一段划线词句上一句“Time,money,andpossiblyevenliveshavebeensavedasshipsusetheshorterroutefromoceantooceanprovidedbythecanal.(由于运河为船只提供了从一个大洋到另一个大洋的较短航线,时间、金钱,甚至可能还有生命得以挽救。
)”可知,巴拿马运河的开通对于航行来说就是个奇迹。
从而推测划线词句中“ThePanamaCanal,ahighwayofwater,isaphenomenon.(巴拿马运河,一条水上高速路,是一个phenomenon)”中划线词汇为“奇迹”意思。
选项B“奇迹”与之最为接近。
故选B项。
2.
细节理解题。
根据第六段中“Tropicaldiseasescausedillnessordeathtothemajorityofworkers.Thesefactorsputagreatdealofstressontheproject.(热带病使大多数工人生病或死亡。
这些因素给这项工程施加了很大的压力。
)”可知,法国之所以停止运河建设是因为热带病感染了这个项目的大多数工人。
故选C项。
3.
推理判断题。
根据第七段中“In1903,atreatybetweentheU.S.andPanamawassignedpayingPanama$10millionforthelandforthecanal.Thistreatyalsoguaranteed$250,000toPanamaeachyearfortheuseofitslandandensureditsindependence.(1903年,美国和巴拿马签署了一项条约,向巴拿马支付1000万美元购买运河的土地。
该条约还保证每年向巴拿马提供25万美元用于其土地的使用,并确保其独立。
)”可以推知,巴拿马运河的建造加强了巴拿马和美国之间的关系。
4.
通读全文,根据第二段“CouldtherebeanyotherwaytotravelfromtheAtlantictothePacific?
Theanswerwasacanal.Acanalisahuman-madewaterway.(从大西洋到太平洋还有其他的旅行方式吗?
答案是一条运河。
运河是人造水道。
)”以及后面几段内容可知,本文主要是让读者了解巴拿马运河及其历史。
ThesoundthatwokeDamianLanguellat8:
15inthemorningwassoloudheassumeditcamefrominsidehishouseinWade,Maine.Ashegotuptoinvestigate,heheardanothersound,thisonecomingmostdefinitelyfromoutside.Lookingoutofhisbedroomwindow,henoticedatreeenvelopedinsmokeabout500yardsaway.Acarwrappedaroundthetree'
sbase,itsengineonfire.
Grabbingbucketsofwater,heandhiswiferantothecrashsite.Upclose,theaccidentlookedworse.Thecarwassplitnearlyintwo,andthetreewaswherethedriver'
sseatoughttohavebeen,asifplantedthere.Nooneshouldhavesurvivedthiscrash,andyettherewas20-year-oldQuintinThompson,histerrifiedfacepressedagainstthedriver'
ssidewindow,invisiblepain.
Languelltriedputtingoutthefirewithhisbucketsofwaterbutfailed.Whentheflamesgotintothefrontseats,heknewhehadtogettheyoungmanout.SoLanguellopenedthecar'
sbackdoorandclimbedin.Usingapocketknifehe'
dbroughtwithhim,hecutthroughThompson'
sseatbelt.NowthatThompsonwasfree,Languellpulledhimout,anddraggedhimtosafetybeforetheentirecarwasinflames.
ItisempathythatdroveLanguelltohelp,justashesaid,"
MyheartgoesouttoThompson.Whenyouarethatclosetothatlevelofhurt,youfeelitsodirectly."
Forhisheroicaction,Languellwasaddedtothelistofreal-lifeheroeschangingtheworld.
5.Wherewasthefirstsoundactuallyfrom?
A.Ahouseonfire.B.Acarcrash.
C.Thebedroomwindow.D.Thebasement.
6.WhatdoweknowaboutQuintinThompson?
A.Hesavedhiscarfromfire.B.Hewassuccessfullyrescued.
C.Heremainedcalmallthetime.D.Hewascapableofhelpinghimselfout.
7.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"
empathy”underlinedinthelastparagraph?
A.Honesty.B.Wisdom.C.Sympathy.D.Responsibility.
8.WhichwordscanbestdescribeDamianLanguell?
A.Daringandgenerous.B.Caringandgrateful.
C.Courageousandnoble.D.Ambitiousandreliable.
【来源】Unit6单元综合测试(外研版2019选择性必修二)
【答案】5.B
6.B
7.C
8.C
这是一篇记叙文。
文章记叙了DamianLanguell勇敢地救出了一起车祸中的幸存者QuintinThompson的故事。
因为他的英勇行为,Languell被列入了现实生活中改变世界的英雄名单。
5.推理判断题。
根据第一段中ThesoundthatwokeDamianLanguellat8:
15inthemorningwassoloudheassumeditcamefrominsidehishouseinWade,Maine.(清晨8点15分,DamianLanguell被吵醒的声音太大了,以至于他以为那声音是从缅因州Wade的家中传出来的)以及Acarwrappedaroundthetree'
sbase,itsengineonfire.(一辆汽车绕在树的底部,发动机着火了)可推知,第一个声音实际上是车祸发出的。
6.细节理解题。
根据倒数第二段最后一句NowthatThompsonwasfree,Languellpulledhimout,anddraggedhimtosafetybeforetheentirecarwasinflames.(现在Thompson自由了,Languell把他拉了出来,在整辆车起火之前把他拉到安全的地方)可知,QuintinThompson成功获救。
7.词义猜测题。
根据下文MyheartgoesouttoThompson.Whenyouarethatclosetothatlevelofhurt,youfeelitsodirectly.(我很同情汤普森。
当你接近那种程度的伤害时,你会直接感受到)可推知,正是这种同情心促使Languell伸出援手的,由此可知,划线单词意思为“同情心”。
故选C。
8.推理判断题。
根据倒数第二段中SoLanguellopenedthecar'
sseatbelt.NowthatThompsonwasfree,Languellpulledhimout,anddraggedhimtosafetybeforetheentirecarwasinflames.(他用随身携带的小刀割断了Thompson的安全带。
现在Thompson自由了,Languell把他拉了出来,在整辆车起火之前把他拉到安全的地方)可知,Languell不怕危险将Thompson从车里救了出来。
由此可知,Languell很勇敢;
根据最后一段中Forhisheroicaction,Languellwasaddedtothelistofreal-lifeheroeschangingtheworld.(因为他的英勇行为,朗格尔被列入了现实生活中改变世界的英雄名单)可推知,Languell的行为很高尚。
【点睛】
词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一,可以大致分为
①定义猜词,可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。
如文中常用referto,becalled或that’stosay,suchas等。
②逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果