机械毕业设计英文外文翻译217机械设计理论 2Word文档下载推荐.docx
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Themachinedesignisthroughdesignsthenewproductorimprovestheoldproducttomeetthehumanneedtheapplicationtechnicalscience.Itinvolvestheprojecttechnologyeachdomain,mainlystudiestheproductthesize,theshapeandthedetailedstructurebasicidea,butalsomuststudytheproductthepersonnelwhichinaspecttheandsoonmanufacture,saleandusequestion.
Carriesoneachkindofmachinedesignworktobeusuallycalleddesignsthepersonnelormachinedesignengineer.Themachinedesignisacreativework.Projectengineernotonlymusthavethecreativityinthework,butalsomustinaspectandsoonmechanicaldrawing,kinematics,engineerigmaterial,materialsmechanicsandmachinemanufacturetechnologyhasthedeepelementaryknowledge.
Iffrontsues,themachinedesigngoalistheproductioncanmeetthehumanneedtheproduct.Theinvention,thediscoveryandtechnicalknowledgeitselfcertainlynotnecessarilycanbringtheadvantagetothehumanity,onlyhaswhentheyareappliedcanproduceontheproductthebenefit.Thus,shouldrealizetocarriesonbeforethedesigninaspecificproduct,mustfirstdeterminewhetherthepeopledoneedthiskindofproduct
Mustregardasthemachinedesignisthemachinedesignpersonnelcarriesonusingcreativeabilitytheproductdesign,thesystemanalysisandaformulationproductmanufacturetechnologygoodopportunity.Graspstheprojectelementaryknowledgetohavetomemorizesomedataandtheformulaismoreimportantthan.Themerelyservicedataandtheformulaisinsufficienttothecompletelydecisionwhichmakesinagooddesignneeds.Ontheotherhand,shouldbeearnestpreciselycarriesonalloperations.Forexample,evenifplaceswrongadecimalpointposition,alsocancausethecorrectdesigntoturnwrongly.
Agooddesignpersonnelshoulddaretoproposethenewidea,moreoveriswillingtoundertakethecertainrisk,whenthenewmethodisnotsuitable,useoriginalmethod.Therefore,designsthepersonneltohavetohavetohavethepatience,becausespendsthetimeandtheendeavorcertainlycannotguaranteebringssuccessfully.Abrand-newdesign,therequestscreenabandonsobsoletelymany,knowsverywellthemethodforthepeople.Becausemanypersonofconservativeness,doesthiscertainlyisnotaneasymatter.Amechanicaldesignershouldunceasinglyexploretheimprovementexistingproductthemethod,shouldearnestlychooseoriginally,theprocessconfirmationprincipleofdesigninthisprocess,withhasnotunifieditaftertheconfirmationnewidea.
Newlydesignsitselfcanhavethequestionoccurrencewhichmanyflawsandhasnotbeenabletoexpect,onlyhasaftertheseflawsandthequestionaresolved,canmanifestnewgoodscomeintothemarkettheproductsuperiority.Therefore,aperformancesuperiorproductisbornatthesametime,alsoisfollowingahigherrisk.Shouldemphasize,ifdesignsitselfdoesnotrequesttousethebrand-newmethod,isnotunnecessarymerelyforthegoalwhichtransformtousethenewmethod.
Inthedesignpreliminarystage,shouldallowtodesignthepersonnelfullytodisplaythecreativity,noteachkindofrestraint.Evenifhashadmanyimpracticalideas,alsocaninthedesignearlytime,namelyinfrontoftheplanblueprintiscorrected.Onlythen,onlythendoesnotsendtostopsuptheinnovationthementality.Usually,mustproposeseveralsetsofdesignproposals,thenperformthecomparison.Hasthepossibilityverymuchintheplanwhichfinallydesignated,hasusedcertainnotinplansomeideaswhichaccepts.
Howdoesthepsychologistfrequentlydiscusscausesthemachinewhichthepeopleadaptsthemtooperate.Designspersonnel'
'
sbasicresponsibilityisdiligentlycausesthemachinetoadaptthepeople.Thiscertainlyisnotaneasywork,becausecertainlydoesnothavetoallpeopletosayinfactallisthemostsuperioroperatingareaandtheoperatingprocess.
Anotherimportantquestion,projectengineermustbeabletocarryontheexchangeandtheconsultationwithotherconcernedpersonnel.Intheinitialstage,designsthepersonneltohavetocarryontheexchangeandtheconsultationonthepreliminarydesignwiththeadministrativepersonnel,andisapproved.Thisgenerallyisthroughtheoraldiscussion,theschematicdiagramandthewritingmaterialcarrieson.Inordertocarryontheeffectiveexchange,needstosolvethefollowingproblem:
(1)designswhetherthisproducttrulydoesneedforthepeople?
Whetherthereiscompetitiveability
(2)doesthisproductcomparewithothercompanies'
existingsimilarproducts?
(3)producesthiskindofproductiswhethereconomical?
(4)productserviceiswhetherconvenient?
(5)productwhetherthereissale?
Whethermaygain?
Onlyhasthetimetobeabletoproducethecorrectanswertoabovequestion.But,theproductdesign,themanufactureandthesaleonlycanincarryontotheabovequestionpreliminaryaffirmationanswerfoundationin.Projectengineeralsoshouldthroughthedetaildrawingandtheassemblydrawing,carriesontheconsultationtogetherwiththebranchofmanufacturetothefinallydesignproposal.
Usually,canhavesomeprobleminthemanufactureprocess.Possiblycanrequesttosomecomponentssizeorthecommondifferencemakessomechanges,causesthecomponentstheproductiontochangeeasily.But,intheprojectchangemusthavetopassthroughdesignsthepersonneltoauthorize,guaranteedcannotdamagetheproductthefunction.Sometimes,wheninfrontofproductassemblyorinthepackingforeignshipmentexperimentonlythendiscoversinthedesignsomekindofflaw.Theseinstancesexactlyshowedthedesignisadynamicprocess.Alwayshasabettermethodtocompletethedesignwork,designsthepersonneltobesupposedunceasinglydiligently,seeksthesebettermethod.
Recentyear,theengineerigmaterialchoicealreadyappearedimportantly.Inaddition,thechoiceprocessshouldbetothematerialcontinuouslytheunceasingagainappraisalprocess.Thenewmaterialunceasinglyappears,butsomeoriginalmaterialscanobtainthequantitypossiblycanreduce.Theenvironmentalpollution,materialrecyclingaspectandsoonuse,worker'
shealthandsecurityfrequentlycanattachthenewlimitingconditiontothechoiceofmaterial.Inordertoreducetheweightorsavestheenergy,possiblycanrequesttheusedifferentmaterial.Comesfromdomesticandinternationalcompetition,toproductservicemaintenanceconveniencerequestenhancementandcustomer'
saspecttheandsoonfeedbackpressure,canurgethepeopletocarryontothematerialreappraises.Becausethematerialdoesnotselectwhencreatedtheproductresponsibilitylawsuit,hasalreadyhadtheprofoundinfluence.Inaddition,thematerialandbetweenthematerialprocessinginterdependenceisalreadyknownbythepeopleclearly.Therefore,inordertocanandguaranteesthequalityinthereasonablecostunderthepremisetoobtainsatisfactiontheresult,projectengineermakesengineersalltohaveearnestlycarefullytochoose,thedeterminationandtheusematerial.
Makesanyproductthefirststepofworkallisdesigns.Designsusuallymaydivideintoseveralexplicitstages:
(a)preliminarydesign;
(b)functionaldesign;
(c)productiondesign.Inthepreliminarydesignstage,thedesigneremphaticallyconsideredtheproductshouldhavefunction.Usuallymustconceiveandconsiderseveralplans,thendecidedthiskindofthoughtiswhetherfeasible;
Ifisfeasible,thenshouldmakesthefurtherimprovementtoorseveralplans.Inthisstage,thequestionwhichonlymustconsideraboutthechoiceofmaterialis:
Whetherhastheperformancetoconformtotherequestmaterialtobepossibletosupplythechoice;
Ifno,whetherhasabiggerassuranceallpermitsinthecostandthetimeinthelimitdevelopsonekindofnewmaterial.
Inthefunctionaldesignandtheengineeringdesignstage,needstomakeapracticalfeasibledesign.Mustdrawupthequitecompleteblueprintinthisstage,choosesanddetermineseachkindofcomponentsthematerial.Usuallymustmaketheprototypeortheworkingmodel,andcarriesontheexperimenttoit,theappraisalproductfunction,thereliability,theoutwardappearanceandtheservicemaintenanceandsoon.Althoughthiskindofexperimentpossiblycanindicate,entersintheproducttotheproductionbaseinfrontof,shouldreplacecertainmaterials,but,absolutelycannotthispointtakenotearnestlychoosesthematerialtheexcuse.Shouldunifytheproductthefunction,earnestlycarefullyconsiderstheproducttheoutwardappearance,thecostandthereliability.Hastheachievementverymuchthecompanywhenmanufactureallprototypes,selectsthematerialshouldthematerialwhichuseswithitsproductioninbesame,andusesthesimilarmanufacturetechnologyasfaraspossible.Likethishastheadvantageverymuchtothecompany.Thefunctioncompleteprototypeifcannotactaccordingtotheanticipatedsalesvolumeeconomicallytomake,orisprototypicalandtheofficialproductioninstallmenthasinthequalityandthereliableaspectisverygreatlydifferent,thenthiskindofprototypedoesnothavethegreatvalue.Projectengineerisbestcancompletelycompletethematerialinthisstagetheanalysis,thechoiceandthedeterminationwork,butisnotremainsittotheproductiondesignstagedoes.Because,iscarriesonintheproductiondesignstagematerialreplacementbyotherpeople,thesepeopleareinferiortoprojectengineertotheproductallfunctionsunderstanding.I
ntheproductiondesignstage,isshouldcompletelydeterminewiththematerialrelatedmainquestionthematerial,causesthemtoadaptwiththeexisti