英语综合考研李观仪《新编英语教程》考研资料Word文档格式.docx
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情态动词被动结构为:
should/could+bedone,例:
Moretimeshouldbegiventothisissue.应该在这个问题上多花些时间。
此外,还应注意被动语态的各种时态,如一般将来时will/shallbe+done;
过去将来时wouldbe+done;
现在进行时is/arebeingdone;
过去进行时was/werebeing+done;
现在完成时has/havebeen+done;
过去完成时hadbeen+done;
将来完成时will/shallhavebeen+done,例:
Willwebeaskedtoattendtheopeningceremony?
我们会被邀请参加开幕式吗?
(一般将来时)
Thenewswouldbesenttothesoldier’smotherassoonasitarrived.
消息一到,就会被传到士兵的母亲那儿去。
(过去将来时)
Thebuildingisbeingbuiltnow.那座大楼现在正在被建造。
(现在进行时)
SupperwasbeingpreparedwhenIarrivedhome.我到家时,晚饭正在准备。
(过去进行时)
Swiftprogresshasalsobeenmadeincultureandeducation.
文化和教育方面已取得了很大进展。
(现在完成时)
ThebridgehadbeendamagedbeforetheWorldWarⅡ.
这座桥在二战前就已经毁坏了。
(过去完成时)
Thebookwillhavebeenfinishedbytheendofnextmonth.
这本书下月末就能完成了。
(将来完成时)
二、词汇短语
Languagestructures
1handicap
[5hAndikAp]
n.
aphysicalormentaldisability身心的缺陷【扩展】handicapped
adj.
残疾的,弱智的
2scratchy
[5skrAtFi]
makingaharsh,scratchingnoise发刮擦声的:
ascratchyrecord有沙沙声的唱片
3magnetic
[mA^5netik]
concerningorproducedbymagnetism磁的,有磁性的:
magnetichead磁头
4jaywalk
[5dVeiwC:
k]
vi.
tocrossastreetillegallyorinarecklessmanner不遵守交通规则乱穿马路
5pedestrian
[pe5destriEn]
apersontravelingonfoot;
awalker行人,步行者
6
zebracrossing斑马线aplacemarkedwithblackandwhitelineswherepeoplewhoarewalkingcancrossaroadsafely
7conscientious
[7kCnFi5enFEs]
a)(ofpeopleorconduct)carefultodowhatoneoughttodo,anddoitaswellasonecan(指人或行为)认真的,尽责的:
aconscientiousworker勤勤恳恳的工作人员;
b)(ofactions)donewithgreatcareandattention(指行动)小心谨慎的:
Thisessayisamostconsciouspieceofwork.这篇论文是精雕细刻的工作。
8hoarse
[hC:
s]
roughorgratinginsound嘶哑的:
ahoarsecry嘶哑的喊叫
9shabby
[5FAbi]
showingsignsofwearandtear;
threadbareorworn-out破旧的,褴褛的:
beshabbyindress衣衫褴褛
10brochure
[brEu5FjuE]
asmallbookletorpamphlet小册子
11sewage
[5sju(:
)idV]
liquidandsolidwastecarriedoffinsewersordrains下水道的污物
12renovate
[5renEuveit]
vt.
restore(esp.oldbuildings)togoodcondition修复(尤指旧建筑物),整修:
Thehousehasbeenrenovatedthreeyearsearlier.这所房子三年前就已翻新。
13
mapout筹划或安排某事makeaplantodosth.:
Iliketomapoutthewholeweekinadvance.我喜欢事先把一周的时间详细计划好。
Dialogue
1representative
[7repri5zentEtiv]
typicalofaparticulargrouporthing典型的,有代表性的;
n.someonewhohasbeenchosentospeak,vote,ormakedecisionsforsomeoneelse代表:
salesrepresentative销售代表;
unionrepresentative工会代表
2
city-state(古希腊的)城邦anindependentstatethatconsistsofacityandthesurroundingcountryarea,especiallyinthepast
3feature
[5fi:
tFE]
v.
toincludeorshowsomethingasaspecialorimportantpartofsomething包含……(作为主要部分或特点),以……为特色:
Thenewspaperfeaturedthestoryoftheevent.这份报纸特别报道了那个事件。
4combat
[5kCmbEt]
fighting,especiallyduringawar战斗,格斗;
vt.totrytostopsomethingbadfromhappeningorgettingworse抗击,防止:
combatcrime防止犯罪;
combatterrorism与恐怖主义作斗争
5chariot
[5tFAriEt]
anancienthorse-drawntwo-wheeledvehicleusedinwar,races,andprocessions.战车
6shroud
[Fraud]
somethingthathidesorcoverssomething隐蔽物:
underashroudoffog在迷雾的掩护下;
vt.tocoverorhidesomething遮蔽,隐藏:
Theincidenthasalwaysbeenshroudedinmystery.那起事故的真相还不清楚。
7myth
[miW]
anancientstory,especiallyoneinventedinordertoexplainnaturalorhistoricalevents神话,虚构的故事
8progenitor
[prE5dVenitE]
someonewhofirstthoughtofanidea先驱;
创始人
9abolish
[E5bCliF]
toofficiallyendalaw,systemetc,especiallyonethathasexistedforalongtime废止,废除(法律、制度、习俗等):
Thesesuperstitiouspracticesshouldbeabolishedassoonaspossible.这些迷信做法应尽早废除。
10revive
[ri5vaiv]
tobringsomethingbackafterithasnotbeenusedorhasnotexistedforaperiodoftime使复兴,使恢复:
revivetheeconomy使经济复苏;
revivetheoldcustoms恢复古老的习俗
11persist
[pE(:
)5sist]
tocontinuetodosomething,althoughthisisdifficult,orotherpeopleopposeit坚持,持续:
persistinlearningEnglish/thestudyofEnglish坚持学习英语;
persistwithsth.继续努力做某事
12oversee
[5EuvE5si:
]
towatchsomebody/somethingandmakesurethatajoboranactivityisdonecorrectly监督:
overseetheimplementationoftheresolution监督决议的执行
ReadingI
1rugby
[5rQ^bI]
anoutdoorgameplayedbytwoteamswithanegg-shapedballthatyoukickorcarry橄榄球
2tremendous
[tri5mendEs]
extremelylargeinamount,extent,ordegree;
enormous巨大的,极大的
3enthusiasm
[in5Wju:
ziAzEm]
greatexcitementfororinterestinasubjectorcause热情,狂热,积极性:
Hisenthusiasmbreathednewlifeintothecompany.他的热情给公司注入了新的生命。
4intercollegiate
[7intE(:
)kE5li:
dViit]
involvingorrepresentingtwoormorecolleges院际的
5luxurious
[lQ^5zjuEriEs]
suppliedwithluxuries,verycomfortable奢侈的,极舒适的:
liveinluxurioussurroundings生活在奢侈的环境中
6severe
[si5viE]
intenselyorextremelybadorunpleasantindegreeorquality严重的,剧烈的:
Hiscostlymistakeresultedinsevereloss.他的严重的错误导致了重大的损失。
7tremor
[5tremE]
ashakingorvibratingmovement震动,颤动:
Therewasaslighttremorinhisvoice.他的声音有点颤抖。
8opponent
[E5pEunEnt]
onethatopposesanotherorothersinabattle,contest,controversy,ordebate对手,反对者:
Hebeathisopponentintheelection.他在选举中击败了对手。
9reputation
[7repju(:
)5teiFEn]
thegeneralestimationinwhichapersonisheldbythepublic.名声,声誉
10hurl
[hE:
l]
tosendwithgreatvigor;
thrust用力送出,猛推:
Theyoungtrackandfieldathletecouldalreadyhurlthediscus60yards.这个年轻的田径运动员已能把铁饼掷60码远。
11fiercely
[`fIEslI]
adv.
inafiercemanner猛烈地,厉害地:
Thestormblewfiercelyoverlandandsea.暴风雨猛烈地吹过陆地和海面。
12visor
[5vaizE]
movingpartofahelmet,usedtocoverandprotecttheface面甲,面罩
13pad
[pAd]
tolineorstuffwithsoftmaterial垫以软物
14naked
[5neikid]
a)withoutclotheson裸体的;
b)withouttheusualcovering没有通常的遮盖物的:
anakedlight无灯罩的电灯;
c)notdisguising无隐蔽的,无掩饰的:
thenakedtruth赤裸裸的现实
15jersey
[5dV\:
zI]
ashirtmadeofsoftmaterial,wornbyplayersofsports运动衫
16tackle
[5tAkl]
seizeandthrowdownanopponentplayer,whousuallycarriestheball擒住,扭倒
17
beaddictedto成为习惯而离不开,对……有瘾:
She’saddictedtovideogames,whichmakeshermotherangryattimes.她沉迷于电视游戏机,有时会让他妈妈生气。
18craze
[kreiz]
ashort-livedpopularfashion;
afad短暂的时尚,流行一时的狂热:
Isthisinterestinhealthfoodsjustapassingcraze?
这股健康食品热潮是否转瞬即逝?
19wholeheartedly
[hEul5hB:
tidli]
withoutreserve;
withoutreservation全心全意地:
Asapartymemberonemustservethepeoplewholeheartedly.作为一个党员,应该全心全意为人民服务。
20
theoffsiderulesillegallyaheadoftheball(足球)越位规则
21brilliantly
[5briljEntli]
inanextremelyintelligentway辉煌地,灿烂地:
Herarticlebrilliantlydemolisheshisargument.她的文章精辟地批驳了他的论点。
ReadingⅡ
1
candybaralong,thin,sweetfood,usuallycoveredinchocolate(通常裹以巧克力的长条状)糖块;
糖棒
2markedly
[mB:
kidli]
inaclearlynoticeablemanner显著地,明显地:
markedlydifferent显著不同;
increasedmarkedly明显增加
3compensate
[5kCmpEnseit]
tooffset;
counterbalance抵消;
弥补:
Nothingcancompensateforthelossoftime.虚度光阴是无法补偿的。
4furious
[5fjuEriEs]
Fullofextremeanger狂怒的,极为激烈的:
befuriouswithsb.对某人大发雷霆;
befuriousatsth.因某事狂怒不已【扩展】furyn.狂怒,狂暴
5readily
[5redili]
inacooperativemanner;
willingly乐意地,欣然:
Iaskedherifshewouldallowmetointerviewher,andshereadilyagreed.我问她是否允许我采访她,她欣然同意了。
6default
[di5fC:
lt]
tofailtopaymoneythatyouoweattherighttime拖欠(金钱);
tonotdosomethingthatyouaresupposedtodo,especiallythatyouarelegallysupposedtodo不履行(义务):
Theplayerdefaultinthetournamentbecauseofherinjury.在这次循环赛中,这位运动员由于受伤而弃权。
7remedy
[5remidi]
amedicinetocureanillnessorpainthatisnotveryserious药物,治疗法:
agoodremedyforacold治疗感冒的良药;
todealwithaproblemorimproveabadsituation补救,纠正:
remedyamistake纠正一个错误
8ineptitude
[i5neptitju:
d]
lackofskill不称职;
笨拙:
Hewasfinallyfiredafterayearofineptitude.他不称职地工作一年后终于被解雇了。
9initiate
[i5niFieit]
tosetgoingbytakingthefirststep;
begin:
开始,发起:
initiateareform开始改革;
initiateanewcourseofstudies开设一门新课程;
initiateadiscussiononeconomics发起一次关于经济学的讨论
10diagnosis
[7daiE^5nEusis]
theprocessofdiscoveringexactlywhatiswrongwithsomeoneorsomething诊断【扩展】diagnose
诊断;
判断
11predominate
[pri5dCmineit]
tobegreaterinamountornumberthansth./sb.else(在数量上)占优势:
Inolderagegroupswomenpredominatebecausementendtodieyounger.在年龄较大的人群中,女性占多数,因为男性的寿命倾向于短些。
12intramural
[7intrE5mjuErEl]
existingorcarriedonwithintheboundsofaninstitution,especiallyaschool校内的;
内部的:
intramuralsports校内体育运动
13incompetent
[in5kCmpitEnt]
nothavingtheabilityorskilltodoajobproperly不合格的,不胜任的:
anincompetentcandidate不合格的候选人
14sideline
[5saidlain]
alinealongeitherofthetwosidesofaplayingcourtorfield,markingitslimits边界线;
anactivitypursuedinadditiontoone’sregularoccupation.副业,兼职
15allegedly
[E5ledVIdlI]
usedwhenreportingsomethingthatpeoplesayistrue,althoughithasnotbeenproved据称;
据说如此:
Thetrafficaccidentwasallegedlydueton