SAT考试数学高频词汇及试题例析.docx

SAT考试数学高频词汇及试题例析.docx

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SAT考试数学高频词汇及试题例析考试数学高频词汇及试题例析SAT考试数学高频词汇及试题一、代数部分有关基本运算：

1.add,plus加2.subtract减3.difference差4.multiply,times乘5.product积6.divide除7.divisible可被整除的8.dividedevenly被整除9.dividend被除数10.divisor因子，除数11.quotient商12.remainder余数13.factorial阶乘14.power乘方15.radicalsign,rootsign根号16.roundto四舍五入17.tothenearest四舍五入2、有关集合1.union并集2.propersubset真子集3.solutionset解集3、有关代数式、方程和不等式1.algebraicterm代数项2.liketerms,similarterms同类项3.numericalcoefficient数字系数4.literalcoefficient字母系数5.inequality不等式6.triangleinequality三角不等式7.range值域8.originalequation原方程9.equivalentequation同解方程等价方程10.linearequation线性方程（e.g.5x+6=22）4.有关分数和小数1.properfraction真分数2.improperfraction假分数3.mixednumber带分数4.vulgarfraction,commonfraction普通分数5.simplefraction简分数plexfraction繁分数7.numerator分子8.denominator分母9.（least）commondenominator（最小）公分母10.quarter四分之一11.decimalfraction纯小数12.infinitedecimal无穷小数13.recurringdecimal循环小数14.tenthsunit十分位5.基本数学概念arithmeticmean算术平均值weightedaverage加权平均值geometricmean几何平均数exponent指数，幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube立方数，立方体squareroot平方根cuberoot立方根commonlogarithm常用对数digit数字constant常数variable变量inversefunction反函数complementaryfunction余函数linear一次的，线性的factorization因式分解absolutevalue绝对值，e.g.-32=32roundoff四舍五入6.有关数论naturalnumber自然数positivenumber正数negativenumber负数oddinteger,oddnumber奇数eveninteger,evennumber偶数integer,wholenumber整数positivewholenumber正整数negativewholenumber负整数consecutivenumber连续整数realnumber,rationalnumber实数,有理数irrational（number）无理数compositenumber合数e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15primenumber质数e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15reciprocal倒数commondivisor公约数multiple倍数（least）commonmultiple（最小）公倍数（prime）factor（质）因子commonfactor公因子ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制nonnegative非负的tens十位units个位mode众数median中数commonratio公比7.数列arithmeticprogression（sequence）等差数列geometricprogression（sequence）等比数列8.有关几何中的角alternateangle内错角correspondingangle同位角verticalangle对顶角centralangle圆心角straightangle平角interiorangle内角exteriorangle外角supplementaryangles补角complementaryangle余角adjacentangle邻角acuteangle锐角obtuseangle钝角rightangle直角roundangle周角straightangle平角includedangle夹角9.所有的三角形equilateraltriangle等边三角形scalenetriangle不等边三角形isoscelestriangle等腰三角形righttriangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形inscribedtriangle内接三角形10.有关立体图形cube立方体，立方数rectangularsolid长方体regularsolid/regularpolyhedron正多面体circularcylinder圆柱体cone圆锥sphere球体solid立体的11.有关图形上的附属物altitude高slope斜率parabola抛物线directrix几准线vertex顶点depth深度side边，边长circumference,perimeter周长radian弧度surfacearea表面积volume体积arm直角三角形的股crosssection横截面centerofacircle圆心chord弦radius半径anglebisector角平分线diagonal对角线diameter直径edge棱faceofasolid立体的面hypotenuse斜边includedside夹边leg三角形的直角边medianofatriangle三角形的中线base底边，底数（e.g.2的5次方，2就是底数）12.有关数论naturalnumber自然数positivenumber正数negativenumber负数oddinteger,oddnumber奇数eveninteger,evennumber偶数integer,wholenumber整数positivewholenumber正整数negativewholenumber负整数consecutivenumber连续整数realnumber,rationalnumber实数,有理数irrational（number）无理数inverse倒数reciprocalaj,n倒数compositenumber合数排列（permutation）组合（combination）2/3asmanyAasB:

A=2/3*B.twiceasmany.AasB:

A=2*Bpower次方（25=thefifthpowerof2）tie并列，齐平bisect平分plane平面intercede截距（有正负之分）medianofantrangle三角形的中线median中数intermsof用.表达becontainedin位于.上tothenearest最接近的closestapproximation最近似的leastcommonmultiple最小公倍数leastpossiblevalue最小的可能值leastcommonmultiple最小公倍数abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标quadrant象限coordinate坐标interestrate利率singleinterest单利compoundinterest复利downpaymentmarginprofit利润depreciation折旧discount折扣listprice标价saleprice买价purchasingprice卖价retailvalue零售价markup涨价markdown降价plusprep.加/adj.正的,加的addition加sum和minusprep.减去/adj.负的,减的/n.负数subtractv.减（subtractionn.减法）difference差multiplyv.乘（multiplicationn.乘法/繁殖）multiplier乘数multiple倍数times倍product乘积at总计（乘法）dividev.除（divisionn.除法/分开）divisor除数dividend被除数/红利dividedevenly被整除divisible可整除的quotient商compositenumber合数primenumber质数set集合primefactor质因子commonfactor公因子commondivisor公约数sequence数列geometricprogression等比数列arithmeticprogression等差数列（等差级数）3-digitnumber三位数decimal小数decimalpoint小数点tenthsdigittenth十分位unitsdigit个位ratioproportionfraction比例fraction分数/比例denominator分母numerator分子improperfraction假分数properfraction真分数parallelline平行线numberline数线arm/lag直角三角形的股trapezoid梯形rhombus菱形polygon多边形parallelogram平行四边形quadrilateral四边形square正方形/平方（数）squareroot平方根parallelogram平行四边形quadrilateral四边形square正方形/平方（数）squareroot平方根-agon-边形*常用tetragonquadrilateral四边形*pentagon五边形*hexagon六边形heptagon七边形*octagon八边形enneagon=nonagon九变形*decagon十变形hendecagon=undecagon十一边形dodecagon十二边形quindecagon十五边形-hedron-面体hexahedron六面体quadrihedron四面体=三角锥cone圆锥（体积=1/3PI*R*R*H）pyramid角锥、棱椎,金字塔,叠罗汉volume体积cube立方数/立方体cylinder圆柱体sphere球体tangent相切的circumscribe外切，外接ins