语言学教程测试题及答案.docx

语言学教程测试题及答案.docx

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语言学教程测试题及答案

Chapter1  IntroductionstoLinguistics

I.      Choosethebestanswer.（20%）

1.  Languageisasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbolsusedforhuman    

    __________

A.contact    B.communication    C.relation      D.community

2.  Whichofthefollowingwordsisentirelyarbitrary?

      A.tree    B.typewriter      C.crash        D.bang

3.  Thefunctionofthesentence“Waterboilsat100degreesCentigrade.〞is  

__________.

    A.interrogative〔疑问〕    B.directive    C.informative    D.performative

4.    InChinesewhensomeonebreaksabowloraplatethehostorthepeoplepresentarelikelytosay“碎碎〔岁岁〕平安〞asameansofcontrollingtheforceswhichtheybelievesfeelmightaffecttheirlives.Whichfunctionsdoesitperform?

    A.Interpersonal  B.Emotive    C.Performative√    D.Recreational

5.  Whichofthefollowingpropertyoflanguageenableslanguageuserstoovercomethebarrierscausedbytimeandplace,duetothisfeatureoflanguage,speakersofalanguagearefreetotalkaboutanythinginanysituation?

  A.Transferability  B.Duality    C.Displacement      D.Arbitrariness

6.  Studythefollowingdialogue.Whatfunctiondoesitplayaccordingtothefunctionsoflanguage?

      —Aniceday,isn’tit?

      —Right!

Ireallyenjoythesunlight.

    A.Emotive      B.Phatic    C.Performative    D.Interpersonal

7.  __________referstotheactualrealizationoftheideallanguageuser’s  knowledgeoftherulesofhislanguageinutterances.

      A.Performance  B.Competence    C.Langue      D.Parole

8.      Whenadogisbarking,youassumeitisbarkingforsomethingoratsomeonethatexistshearandnow.Itcouldn’tbesorrowfulforsomelostloveorlostbone.Thisindicatesthedesignfeatureof__________.

  A.culturaltransmission  B.productivity  C.displacement    D.duality

9.  __________answerssuchquestionsashowweasinfantsacquireourfirstlanguage.

  A.Psycholinguistics  B.Anthropologicallinguistics

C.Sociolinguistics    D.Appliedlinguistics

10.  __________dealswithlanguageapplicationtootherfields,particularlyeducation.

  A.Linguistictheory            B.Practicallinguistics

  C.Appliedlinguistics            D.Comparativelinguistics

II.      Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.（10%）

11.      Languageisameansofverbalcommunication.Therefore,thecommunicationwayusedbythedeaf-muteisnotlanguage.F

12.      Languagechangeisuniversal,ongoingandarbitrary.TF?

?

13.      Speakingisthequickestandmostefficientwayofthehumancommunicationsystems.FT?

?

14.      Languageiswrittenbecausewritingistheprimarymediumforalllanguages.F

15.      Wewereallbornwiththeabilitytoacquirelanguage,whichmeansthedetailsofanylanguagesystemcanbegeneticallytransmitted.F

16.      Onlyhumanbeingsareabletocommunicate.F

17.      F.deSaussure,whomadethedistinctionbetweenlangueandparoleintheearly20thcentury,wasaFrenchlinguist.FSwiss

18.      AstudyofthefeaturesoftheEnglishusedinShakespeare’stimeisanexampleofthediachronicstudyoflanguage.F

19.      Speechandwritingcameintobeingatmuchthesametimeinhumanhistory.F

20.      Allthelanguagesintheworldtodayhavebothspokenandwrittenforms.F

III.      Fillintheblanks.（10%）

21.  Language,broadlyspeaking,isameansof__verbal_communication.

22.      Inanylanguagewordscanbeusedinnewwaystomeannewthingsandcanbecombinedintoinnumerablesentencesbasedonlimitedrules.Thisfeatureisusuallytermed__creativity________.

23.      Languagehasmanyfunctions.Wecanuselanguagetotalkaboutitself.Thisfunctionis___metalingualfunction_______.

24.      Theorythatprimitivemanmadeinvoluntaryvocalnoiseswhileperformingheavyworkhasbeencalledthe__yo-he-ho________theory.

25.      Linguisticsisthe_scientific_________studyoflanguage.

26.      Modernlinguisticsis_descriptive_________inthesensethatthelinguisttriestodiscoverwhatlanguageisratherthanlaydownsomerulesforpeopletoobserve.

27.      Onegeneralprincipleoflinguisticanalysisistheprimacyof___speech_______overwriting.

28.      Thedescriptionofalanguageasitchangesthroughtimeisa_diachronic_linguistic________study.

29.      Saussureputforwardtwoimportantconcepts._langue_________referstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallmembersofaspeechcommunity.

30.      LinguisticpotentialissimilartoSaussure’slangueandChomsky’s__competence________.

IV.      Explainthefollowingterms,usingexamples.（20%）

31.      Designfeature

 Designfeature:

Itreferstothedefiningpropertiesofhumanlanguagethatte