英语作文应试技巧Word文件下载.docx
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空间顺序往往是描写手法的基本线索，用一些表示空间的词语（如HERE，THERE，OUTSIDE，ONTHETOPOF，INTHEMIDDLE，AROUND，ABOVE，UNDER，NEAR等等）把一系列地点和物体连接起来，构成一个完整的叙述。
AsIcameintomycousin’sbedroom
Igotreallysurprised
forIhadneverseensuchamessanddisorderintheroomofayoungmanof16yearsoldalready.Ontherightwall
arowofhookswascoveredwithdirtysweet-shirtsandfilthyhats.Directlyinfrontofmewasadustydesk
onwhichscatteredlotsofbooks
someofwhichwereopenasifwaitingformylazybrother’sattention;
otherswerepiledupindisorderreadytoslidedownatanymoment.Nearthedesk
therewasatoppledpoorchaironthefloorwithonelegdamaged.What’sworse
thebedwhichwasagainsttheleftwallwasamoreseriousmessandthepairsofsportsshoesandsocksunderthebedgaveoutaterriblesmell.Whataroomatsixesandsevens!
3、说明文
写作目的着重客观陈述、解释说明
例如“HowIOvercomeDifficultiesinLearningEnglish”
“MyIdealJob”等。
4、议论文*
着重于发表自己看法，依靠推理和论证来阐述自己的观点，力图说服读者，使人相信某种道理或某种假设；
或要影响别人，使人追随自己所指示的方向。
“Examination”
1、Therearemanyargumentsabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofexamination.
2、Forbothexaminersandexaminees
theexaminationcanshowwhatandhowmuchtheexamineeshavemastered.
3、Insum
examinationdoesmoregoodthatharmforbothexaminersandexaminees.
二、评价一篇文章好坏的标准
一篇优秀作文的标准为：
1．内容切题，有较好的谋篇构段框架，文章结构完整；
紧扣主题，转承衔接自然；
2．语法基本正确，句法基本准确，句子与句子、段落之间过渡连贯；
3．用词面广，遣词造句得当，句式、句型有变化，字数符合要求；
4．层次分明，说理清楚，语言流畅，内容充实。
一篇较差的作文表现为：
1．文章不通顺，无段落，无结构，无明显主题；
2．出现很多基本语法错误和拼写错误；
3．词汇量很小，词不达意，缺乏英语表达能力；
4．不像一篇文章，仅是把一些不连贯的词语凑到一起。
文章解析
（1）
Inthepastfiveyears
therehavebeenchangesinpeople’sdiet.Grain
asthemainfoodofmostChinese
isnowplayingalessimportantroleinpeople’sdiet
whiletheproportionofsomehigh-energyfood
suchasmilk
meathasincreased.
Whatcausedthesechanges?
Ithinktherearetworeasons.First
peoplenowhavemoremoney.Thepriceofmeatandmilkismuchhigherthanthatofgrain.Intheolddays
peoplecouldn’taffordthem.Nowtheyhaveenoughmoneytobutmeatandmilk.Second
peopleofnowadayspaymoreattentiontothestructureoftheirdiet.Theyareseekingthemostreasonabledietstructurewhichwilldogoodtotheirhealth.
Inshort
therehavebeenchangesinpeople’sdietinthepastfiveyearsandtherewillbechangesinthefuture
too.
（2）
Inthepastfiveyearspeople’sdiethadchangedquitealot.Thegrainwasnolongerthemainfoodofpeople’sdiet.Itdecreasedfrom49%to45%.Andthepossessionofthefruitandvegetableswasdeclined
either.But
however
thenecessaryofthemilkandmeatwasincreasedwithnodoubt.Suchcaseownedtotworeasons.
Ontheonehand
thelevelofpeople’sliveshadgreatlyadvanced.Moreandmorepeoplecouldaffordtheexpensivefood.Ontheotherhand
modernsciencehadbeendevelopedwithhighspeed.Thenpeoplebegantobeawareofchoosingmoreusefulfood.
Withthedevelopingofthesociety
people’sdietwillchangemoregreatly.
（3）
Dietisveryimportantinpeople’slife.Inpastfive
thereisabigchangeinallkindsoffood.Forexample
Grain.In1986ittakes40percentinDietinafterfouryears.Itdiscrease4percentindiet;
Milkincrease3percentinlastfiveyears.Itgrowsto13percentinDiet;
Meatin1986-1989
itkepttogrowup.Anin1990
itdown2percent;
Fruitandvegetablesisdiscreaseinlastfiveyears.
Whyitwillhavethesechanges.Itistwoside
thefirstispeoplebegantoseethatMilk.Meat.FruitandVegetableareveryimportanceinpeople’sbodies
theotherispeople’slifeisquitegood.TheyhaveenoughmoneytobuyMeat
Milk
Etc.Theyknowhowtobuildthembodies.
Inlastfiveyears.Bigchangesinpeople’sDiet.Itcallusmoreandmorepeopleknow.SharethemDietandbuildthembodies.
三、写作要领
1、审题构思，在获取一个文章题目后，首先根据题目要求进行思维联想，分析题目表达的主要内容和主旨。
2、谋篇构段，草拟提纲。
通过分析题目的内容和主旨，将大脑中形成的信息、资料，分类整理，列出写作提纲、主题句，进行文章段落的筹划（三段作文法）
3、组段成篇，初步成文。
将以上的构思内容、提纲、相关主题句，通过句子扩展，初步整理形成一篇草稿文字。
4、加工修改，润色定稿。
对文章草稿修改润色，以加强文章的说明力及感染力。
请看下面的例子：
DIRECTIONS：
A．Title:
DevelopWesternRegions
B．TimeLimit:
50minutes
C．WordLimit:
nolessthan200words（notincludingthegivensentence）
D．YourcompositionshouldbebasedontheOUTLINEbelow
E．YourcompositionmustbewrittenclearlyontheANSWERSHEET
OUTLINE：
1．Thesignificanceandimportanceofdevelopingwestregions
2．Thecauseofitsunderdevelopmentandthepresentsituations
3．TheprospectsoftheWestChina
成文：
DevelopWesternRegions
ThelargescaledevelopmentofWestChinaisofprofoundsignificance.First
itwillopenabroaddevelopmentspaceforcentralandeasternregions.Besides
it’scriticaltoChina’soveralleconomicrise.What’smore
it’stheonlyeffectivewaytodecreasetheimbalanceofeconomicdevelopmentintheeaseandwestsoastorevitalizeournation.
Therearevariousreasonswhythelandlockedwesthaslaggedbehindinitseconomicdevelopment.Thechiefreason
Ithink
isthattheopeninguppoliciesenabletheeasttoluremoreforeigncapitalandmakeafantasticspurinitsdevelopment.Asaresult
itleavesthewestfarbehindinitseconomicgrowth.Inaddition
thewest’suniqueunfavorablegeographicpositionsgreatlylimititsdevelopment.Therefore
thegapsbetweenthewestandtheeasthavebeenwidenedsinceChina’sreform.Infact
manyregionsinthewestwillstillremaincomparativelyunderdeveloped.Toillustrate
mostofthe30millionpoorpopulations
whostillhavesubsistenceproblems
livethere.Moreover
currentlythepercapitalGDPinWestChinaisonlyabout60%ofnationalaverage.AndthevastWestChinamakeslesscontributiontothenation’sdevelopment.Ifleftunchanged
theunderdevelopmentinthewestwillgreatlyaffectoverallprosperityandevensocialstability.
However
thewesternregiondevelopmentisalong-termsystematicproject.Itcallsfortremendouseffortofseveralgenerations.Tosumup
ourchiefgoalistobuildWestChinawitheconomicprosperity
socialprogress
politicalstabilityandbeautifullandscape.Finally
Ibelievethewestwillcatchupwiththeeastinitseconomicdevelopmentinthenearfuture.
（269Words）
课后练习
列出下列作文题目的提纲：
1、DevelopOurCreativeMind
2、ScienceandSuperstition
3、DoClothesMakeaMan?
4、MyFavoriteFormofEntertainment
5、TheImportanceofSelf-education
第二单元
十句作文法
一、十句作文法基本模式
“十句作文法”是由有关专家总结出来的一种高分作文方法，同学在经过短期培训后就可将成绩较大幅度提高。
因此在这里加以推荐和介绍，掌握好这种方法，对短时间内写出一篇高分作文十分有帮助。
需要指出的是所谓十句作文法并非一定十句，从很多高分作文来分析，句子数量分布在10句至15句范围（依句子长短和结构不同而不同）。
如以每个句子平均10---15个单词来计算，便能用10---15个句子完成一篇要求200字左右的作文。
其基本模式为：
第一段（开头段）主旨句（句1）、扩展句（句2）
第二段（中间段）主题句（句3）、扩展句（句4）、扩展句（句5）、扩展句（句6）、扩展句（句7）、扩展句（句8）、小结句（句9）
第三段（结尾段）结尾句（句10）
EXAMPLE1
Television
Televisionpresentsavividworldinfrontofus.
（1）（主旨句）ThroughTV
wecanlearnwhatishappeninghalfwayacrosstheworld.
（2）（扩展句）
Televisionalsoplaysanimportanteducationalroleinourdailylife.（3）（主题句）Foronething
theTVuniversityprovidesanopportunityformanyyoungmenwhocannotgotoformaluniversities.（4）（扩展句）Foranother
childrencanbroadentheirscopeofknowledgebywatchingsuchpopularprogramsas“TheAnimalWorld”
and“TheMickeyMouseandDuckDonald”.（5）（扩展句）Besides
womencanlearnaboutthelatestfashionofdressesandthebestrecipeformakingfruitcakes.（6）（扩展句）Furthermore
welearnmanyworldadvancedtechnologiesfromTVprogramssuchascomputerandtelecommunication.（7）（扩展句）Andalsowecanlearnsinging
dancinganddoingphysicalexercisesinsomespecialTVtrainingcourses.（8）（扩展句）Inshort
theeffectofTV’seducationalroleisbecomingmoreandmoreobvious.（9）（小结句）
Havingviewedtheseseveralaspects
andwithmanymoreTVprogramsproduced
Ibelievethatourlifewillbecomeevenmoresignificant.（10）（总结句）
（192Words）
EXAMPLE2
ChangesinPeople’sDiet
TherehavebeensomechangesnowadaysinthedietoftheChinese.
（1）（主旨句）Forexample
grain
themainfoodofmostpeopleinChina
isnowplayingalessimportantrole
whiletheconsumptionofhigh-nutritionfoodsuchasmilk
meathasincreased.
（2）（扩展句）
Thechangesindietcanbeaccountedforbyanumberoffactors.（3）（主题句）First
peoplearemuchwealthierthanbefore.（4）（扩展句）Withahigherincome
theycanaffordtobuygoodfoodswhich
inthepast
wererarelyseenonthedinnertablesofordinaryfamilies.（5）（扩展句）Anotherfactoristhatpeoplehaverealizedtheimportanceofabalanceddiettotheirhealth.（6）（扩展句）Lackofcertainamountofmeatormilk
forexample
willresultinpoorhealth.（7）（扩展句）Finally
owingtotheeconomicreform
meatandmilk
whichwerescarceinthepast
areproducedinlargequantities.（8）（扩展句）Forallthosereasons
whatwasformerlycalled“thebasketofvegetables”hasbecomethatofvariedfoods.（9）（小结句）
Tosumup
insignificantasthosechangesmayseem
theyarethesignsoftheimprovedeconomicconditioninChina
andwebelievethatastheeffortinthemodernizationmovementcontinues
therewillbegreaterchangesinpeople’sdietinthefuture.（10）（总结句）
（226Words）
EXAMPLE3
Computers---OurElectronicBrain
NowadayscomputershavebeenwidelyusedinChina.
（1）（主旨句）Wecaneasilyfindallkindsofcomputersev
升级会员 