高中英语Unit 1Making a difference一人教版知识精讲Word文档格式.docx
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cure)
2.合成词:
undertake;
radioactivity;
wheelchair
3.通过读音和分解的方式记忆下面的单词:
obvious;
curious;
agriculture;
exploration;
intelligentpatient
4.通过上下文理解词义:
(1)ThomasEdisonsaid,“Genius(天才)isonepercentinspirationandninety-ninepercentperspiration.
(2)Thestudentsaregoingtodebatewhichbranchofscienceisthemostimportantandusefultosociety.
(3)TheSenatewilldebatethesubjectoftaxincreases.
(4)Afteralongdebate,thecommitteeallvotedtoclosethefactorywhichpollutedthecityseriously.
(5)Scanthetexttoanswerthefollowingquestions.
(6)IscannedthenewspaperwhileIwaitedforthetrain.
(7)shescannedthelistofnamestoseewhetherherswasonit.
(8)Sincethen,Hawkinghascontinuedtoseekanswerstoquestionsaboutthenatureoftheuniverse.
(9)Thetravelersareseekingshelterfromtherain.
(10)Thescientiststestthetheorytoseeifitmatcheswhattheyhaveseenandifitcanpredictfutureevents.
(11)Scientistspredictthatenvironmentpollutionwillincreaseinthenexttenyears.Theywarnthatifwedonottakemeasurestosolvetheproblem,wewillruinourplanet.
(12)ThepoliceletthemangoaftertheyfoundoutthathisDNAdidnotmatchtheDNAtheyhadgotfromthecrimescene.
(二)一些重要单词与短语的用法:
1.match:
比赛,对手;
和……相配,和……相一致,使……和……相称。
Thescientiststestthetheorytoseeifitmatcheswhattheyhaveseenandifitcanpredictfutureevents.
I’mnomatchforherwhenitcomestoarithmetic.
Hewasgoodattennis,buthemethismatchwhenheplayedthechampion.
Hislatestfilmdoesn’tmatchhispreviousones.
Heisdoinghisbesttomatchhisspendingtohisincome.
2.be/getengagedtosb.:
与……订婚
Infact,thingsweregoingratherwellformeandIhadgotengagedtoaverynicegirl,JaneWilde.Butinordertogetmarried,Ineededajob…..
注意另一个短语:
beengagedin/on…:
忙与做……=bebusywith/doing…
—CanyoucomeonMonday?
—No,I’mengaged.
ComeonMondayeveningifyouarenototherwiseengaged.
Sorry,thelineisengaged.
3.turnout:
结果是;
证明是;
原来是
Scientists,ontheotherhand,knowthattheirjobisneverfinishedandthateventhebesttheorycanturnouttobewrong.
It’sturnedouttobeniceandsunnyagain.
Tomysurprisethestrangerturnedouttobeanoldfriendofmyfather.
注意辨别以turn为核心的其他短语:
turnup;
turndown;
turnoff;
turnon;
turnover;
turnto;
turnagainst
4.useup:
用完,用尽。
Thecoupleusedupalltheirmoneytoseektheir5-year-oldson,whowaslostsixmonthsago.
另一个表达“用尽”的短语:
giveout:
Oursupplyofoilisgivingout.
Mystrengthgaveout.
注意辨别以use为核心的其他短语:
makeuseof;
usedtodo;
be/getusedtosth/doingsth.
5.besatisfiedwith:
对……感到满意。
类似的短语还有:
bepleasedwith…/becontentwith
6.whatif:
倘使……将会怎样,即使……又有什么要紧。
Byaskingwhy,how,andwhatif,curiousmindsfindnewideasandsolutions.
Whatifitrainswhenwecan’tgetundershelter?
Whatifwemovethepictureoverthere?
Doyouthinkitwilllookbetter?
(三)本单元中阅读材料难点句的理解:
1.Ittakesaveryunusualmindtoundertakeanalysisoftheobvious.
分析明显存在的事物需要非凡的头脑。
2.TheredidnotseemmuchpointinworkingonmyPHD-Ididnotexpecttosurvivethatlong.
取得博士学位对我来说没有什么意义,我没有期望活得那么久。
(1)句型:
Thereisnopointindoingsth.做……没有意义。
Thereisverylittlepointinprotesting.Itwon’thelpmuch.
(2)that在这里相当于so:
那么。
3.Nordidheletthediseasestophimfromlivingthekindoflifehehadalwaysdreamtof.
他也没有让这种疾病阻止他过自己一直梦想的生活。
(1)这是一个有Nor开头的倒装句结构。
正常语序是:
Hedidn’tletthediseasestophimfromlivingthekindoflifehehadalwaysdreamtof,either.
否定副词neither,nor,not,notuntil等开头的句子常用倒装句语序。
Heisnotfamiliarwiththetown.Norisheinterestedinthecustomhere.
(2)hehadalwaysdreamtof.作为定语从句修饰先行词life
(3)注意句中两个短语:
stopsomebodyfromdoingsomething.Dreamofdoingsth.
4.PeoplelaughedatZhangHengwhenhefirstintroducedhisseismograph,anditwasonlylaterthattheworldrecognizedhisgreatness.
当初张衡发明出他的地动仪时,人们都在嘲笑他,只有后来全世界才意识到他的伟大。
后半句是强调句型,强调onlylater.
5.Everyonehashisorherspecialskillsandinterests,andonlybydiscoveringwhatwedobestcanwehopetoreachourgoalsandtrulymakeadifference.
每个人都有自己的专长和兴趣,只有发现自己的特长我们才能期望自己的目标实现,作到真正的与众不同。
后半句又是一个由only开始的倒装句。
OnlythendidIrealizeitsimportance.
OnlyinthiswaycanyoumakeprogressinyourEnglishstudy.
(四)学习建议:
进入高中二年级的英语学习后,希望大家不要把精力过多得投入到语法学习中。
应运用各种方法掌握好教材中的词汇,短语。
同时注意多在阅读上下工夫。
扩大阅读量。
最重要的是以每个单元的阅读材料为依据,精度课文,了解课文的写作结构,作者的思想。
学会欣赏某些课文中的英语美感。
对于语法知识,不要扣的太深,太怪。
重要的是掌握基本句型结构,达到理解含有相关语法结构的复杂句子,能够用所学的语法结构造句。
做题时,首要的是准确理解题干的语境。
【典型例题】
一.单项选择
1.—I’mwornout.ShallIstopnow?
—Thereisnotamomenttolose.Goon_____,please.
A.toworkB.workingC.workD.toworking
分析:
由下一句Thereisnotamomenttolose.可知,后面要说“继续工作”即:
goondoing或goonwithsth.而goontowork:
接着做另一件事。
答案:
B
2.Whowill_____responsibilityforthiswork?
A.undertakeB.conductC.performD.complete
undertakeresponsibilityforsth.:
承担对某事的责任。
A
3.TheHouseofRepresentatives_____theproposalforthreedays.
A.quarreledB.arguedC.talkedD.debated
议会争论这项议案有三天了。
Debate是及物动词。
前三项答案是不及物动词。
D
4.Wedidn’tplanourartexhibitionlikethatbutit___verygood.
A.wentonB.triedoutC.turnedoutD.carriedon
turnoutverygood:
结果却很好。
C
5.Thegirlwaswearingadresswithahatandglovesto___.
A.agreeB.fitC.suitD.match
女孩穿着一条裙子,带着一顶帽子和与之相配的手套。
Match:
与……相配。
二.翻译句子
1.公司的总部在美国,但它在世界各地都有分支。
2.这顶帽子和这件毛衣十分相称。
3.Tom和Mary订婚了,他们是在火车上认识的。
4.时间过得真快,转眼我们就要结束暑假生活了。
1.Thecompany’sheadofficeisintheUSA,butithasmanybranchesallovertheworld.
2.Thehatandthesweaterareperfectlymatched.
3.TomgotengagedtoMary,whomhehadmetonthetrain.
4.Timewentbysoquickly.Wearealreadyattheendofoursummerholidaylife.
【模拟试题】
(答题时间:
60分钟)
1.Thescientist_____thattherewouldbearainstormthenextweek,anditdidhappen.
A.predictedB.variousC.observedD.debated
2._____wemovethepictureoverthere?
Doyouthinkit’lllookbetter?
A.WhatifB.WhataboutC.AslongasD.Until
3.Herdream_____Chinahascometrueatlastwiththehelpofhergrandfather.
A.tovisitB.invisitingC.visitingD.ofvisiting
4.I’vevisitedalotofplacesandstayedinlotsofdifferenthotels,butnoneofthem____thisone.
A.makesB.beatsC.comparesD.matches
5.Allthemoneyhehadhadbeen_____,sohehadtomakealivingbybegging.
A.usedupB.takenupC.stayedupD.broughtup
6.Astime_____,thetheoryprovedcorrect.
A.wentbyB.wentawayC.gotthroughD.madeup
7.I’m_____theguidebook,lookingforinformationaboutGuangxi,whereI’lltravel.
A.lookingB.scanningC.seekingD.arguing
8.Thereisnopoint_____further.Itwon’tbehelpmuch.
A.onexplainingB.toexplainC.ofexplainingD.inexplaining
9.Onlywhenclassbegan____thathehadlefthisbookathome.
A.willherealizeB.hedidrealizeC.didherealizeD.shouldherealize
10.YouwouldthinkthatJohnwouldhavebeenthecourageousoneandJanetthetimidone,butitwasjust_____.
A.anotherwayB.theanotherwayround
C.theotherwayaroundD.otherwayround
二.完型填空
Thelittletraincametoastopatourstationandwegotout,verygladtobesonearhomeatlast.The__1_partofthejourneyfromLondonhadbeenquitecomfortable;
__2__whenwehadchangedintothelittletrain,wewere,alreadytiredanddirty,andthe__3__run,withitsfrequentstopsatunimportantvillages,hadonlymadeus__4_tiredanddirty.
Therewasacarriage__5__forusatthestation,__6__bytwoblackhorses.Assoonasweandourbags__7_in,thedriverwavedhiswhipandwesetoffthroughthesnowyforest.Even__8__theforestitwasgrowingdark:
itwasthe__9_dayoftheyear,andtheskywas_10_withclouds.Amongthetreesitseemedasifitwasinthemiddleofamoonlessnight,theoillampsonourcarriage_11_justenoughlightforthedriverto_12__hiswayandforustobeableto_13_thatweweredrivingbetweenthickwallsoftrees.
After_14_seemedliketwohourstous(butwasactuallyonlyanhour),atlastwe_15_myfriendshouse.Firstwesawarowoflights_16_camefromthewindows,andthenweweresuddenlyatthedoor,_17_abouthalfadozenchildren_18_allagesshoutingandaskingquestions__19__together.Asweweregettingoutofthecarriage,afineoldladywithwhitehaircameout,_20_Irecognizedwithoutdifficultyasmyfriend’smother.
1.A.firstB.nextC.oneD.other
2.A.becauseB.howeverC.soD.but
3.A.rapidlyB.fastC.thirstyD.slow
4.A.evenB.lessC.moreD.much
5.A.waitedB.towaitC.waitingD.waswaiting
6.A.pulledB.pullingC.pushedD.pushing
7.A.steppedB.arrivedC.alreadyD.were
8.A.inB.nearC.outsideD.out
9.A.hottestB.longestC.happyD.shortest
10.A.coveredB.hiddenC.closedD.full
11.A.sentB.gaveC.didD.made
12.A.takeB.lookC.feelD.see
13.A.tellB.sayC.speakD.talk
14.A.itB.whatC.mightD.having
15.A.gotB.reachedC.visitedD.observed
16.A.brightlyB.shiningC.whichD.straight
17.A.withB.and