北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试11Word格式.docx

北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试11Word格式.docx

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sgoodforourhealth"

theresultshavereallybeenmixed"

admitsNealfreedmanwholedthecoffeestudyandpublishedhisfindingsinamedicaljournalrecently."

There'

sbeensomeevidencethatcoffeemightincreasetheriskofcertaindiseasesandthere'

salsobeenmaybemorerecentevidencethatcoffeemayprotectagainstotherdiseasesaswell"

。

　　FreedmanandhiscolleaguesundertookthebiggeststudyyettolookattherelationshipbetweencoffeeandhealthTheyanalyzeddatacollectedfrommorethan400,000Americansages50to71participatinginthestudy"

Wefoundthatthecoffeedrinkershadamodestlylowerriskofdeaththanthenon-drinkers,"

hesaid.Here'

swhathemeansby"

modestly"

:

thosewhodrankatleasttwoorthreecupsadaywereabout10percentor15percentlesslikelytodieforanyreasonduringthe13yearsofthestudywhentheresearcherslookedatspecificcausesofdeath,coffeedrinkingappearedtocuttheriskofdyingfromheartdiseaselungdiseaseinjuries,accidentsandinfections

　　Now,Freedmanstressedthatthestudydoesn'

tprovecoffeecanmakepeoplelivelonger.Astudylikethiscanneverproveacause-and-effectrelationship（77）AllitcanreallydoistopointresearchersintherightdirectionforfurtherinvestigationAndevenifitturnsoutthatcoffeeisreallygoodforyou,scientistshavenoideawhy

　　Accordingtothefirstparagraph,reporterswouldliketoknowtheresearchfindingsof___

　　A.teaB.beerC.alcoholD.coffee

　　Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUCE?

　　Freedmanandhiscolleagueshired400,00Americanstocollectdate。

　　AboutfourhundredthousandAmericansworkedforFreedman'

steamfulltimefor13years。

　　PeopleWhotookpartinFreedman'

sresearchareabout50to70yearsold。

　　PeopleWhoare50to70yearsoldseldomdrinkcoffee

　　Accordingtotheauthor,scientists__________。

　　havealreadyprovedthatcoffeeisgoodforhumanhealth

　　havealongwaytogobeforetheyfindawaytostudycoffee

　　haveavoidedthecause-and-effectapproachtostudycoffee

　　arestillunabletofigureoutwhycoffeeisgoodforus

　　Theword"

mixed"

inthefirstparagraphmeans"

________"

　　bothgoodandbadB.puttogether

　　C.bothsharpandsoftD.confused

　　5.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?

　　A.CanBeerHelpYouLiveLonger?

　　B.CanCoffeeHelpYouLiveLonger?

　　C.CanWhineHelpYouLiveLonger?

　　D.CanTeaHelpYouLiveLonger?

　　Passage2

　　Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　Whenwe'

relearningaforeignlanguage,makingsenseofwhatwehearisthefirststeptowardfluency.Itsoundsobvious,butuntilrecently,wedidn'

tknowmuchabouthowlisteningworks.Newresearchdemonstratesthateffectivelisteninginvolvesmorethansimplyhearingthewordsthatfloatpastourears.Rather,it'

sanactiveprocessofreceivinginformationandmakingmeaning.Thiskindofengagedlisteningisaskillthat'

sascriticalforlearningarangeofsubjectsatschoolandworkasitisforlearningtounderstandaforeigntongue。

　　（78）Studiesofskilledlanguagelearnershaveidentifiedspecificlisteningstrategiesthatleadtosuperiorcomprehension.Lastyear,forexample,UniversityofOttawaresearcherLarryVandergriftpublishedhisstudyof106undergraduateswhowerelearningFrenchasasecondlanguage.Halfofthestudentsweretaughtinaconventionalfashion,listeningtoandpracticingtextsspokenaloud.Theotherhalf,possessingthesameinitial（最初的）skilllevelandtaughtbythesameteacher,weregivedetailedinstructiononhowtolisten.Itturnedoutthatthesecondgroup“significantlyoutperformed”（胜过）thefirstoneonatestofcomprehension。

Sowhataretheselisteningstrategies?

Skilledlearnersgointoalisteningclasswithasenseofwhattheywanttogetofit.（79）Theysetagoalfortheirlistening,andtheygeneratepredictionsaboutwhatthespeakerwillsay.Beforethetalkingbeginstheymentallyreviewwhattheyalreadyknowaboutthesubject,andformanintentionto“listenoutfor”what’simportantorrelevant.Oncetheybeginlistening,theselearnersmaintaintheirfocus;

iftheirattentionwanders,theybringitbacktothewordsbeingspoken.Theydon’tallowthemselvestobethrownoffbyconfusingorunfamiliardetails.Instead,theytakenoteofwhattheydon’tunderstandandmakeinferencesaboutwhatthosethingmightmean,basedonothercluesavailabletothem;

theirpreviousknowledgeofthesubject,thecontext（语境）ofthetalk,theidentityofthespeaker,andsoon。

　　6.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

　　A.Effectivelisteningmeanshearingthewordsthatfloatpastourears。

　　B.Developingyourlisteningskillsisthefirststeptowarddevelopingfluency。

　　C.Skilledlistenersusespecificstrategiestogetthemostoutofwhattheyhear。

　　D.Listeningisoneofthemostpowerfultoolswehavetogaininformation。

　　7.WhatdoesVandergrift’sresearchshow?

　　A.Learnerswhoadoptspecificlisteningstrategiesbecomebetterlisteners。

　　B.Learnerstaughtinthetraditionalwayarebetteratreinforcingwhattheylearn。

　　C.Learnersaremoreconfidentiftheymakefewermistakes。

　　D.Learnerswholistenonaregularbasisimprovefaster。

　　8.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutVandergrift’sresearchisTRUE?

　　A.TheparticipantswerepostgraduateslearningFrenchasasecondlanguage。

　　B.Alltheparticipantsweretaughtusingtheconventionalmethod,withthefocusonlisteningstrategies。

　　C.Thetwogroupsweretaughtbydifferentteacher。

　　D.Theparticipantswereatthesameinitialskilllevel。

　　9.Theexpression“thrownoff”inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto“_____”。

　　A.infectedB.confusedC.ruinedD.informed

　　10.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstrategiesisNOTusedbyskilledlearners?

　　A.Reviewtheirpriorknowledgeofthesubject。

　　B.Concentrateonthespeaker’swords。

　　C.Translateintotheirnativelanguage。

　　D.Predictwhatthespeakerwillway。

　　Passage3

　　Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　（80）AstheTitanicwassinkingandwomenandchildrenclimbedintolifeboats,themusiciansfromtheship’sbandstoodandplayed.Theydiedwhentheshipwentdown.Menstoodonthedeckandsmokedcigarettes.Theydied,too.Thisbehaviorispuzzlingtoeconomists,wholiketobelievethatpeopletendtoactintheirownselfinterest.“Therewasnopushing,”saysDavidSavage,aneconomistatQueenslandUniversityinAustraliawhohasstudiedwitnessreportsfromthesurvivors.Itwas“very,veryorderlybehavior。

”

　　SavagehascomparedthebehaviorofthepassengersontheTitanicwiththoseontheLusitania,anothershipthatalsosankataboutthesametime.ButwhentheLusitaniawentdown,thepassengerspanicked（恐慌）.Therewerealotofsimilaritiesbetweenthesetwoevents.Thesetwoshipswerebothluxuryones,theyhadasimilarnumberofpassengersandasimilarnumberofsurvivors。

　　Thebiggestdifference,Savageconcludes,wastime.TheLusitaniasankinlessthan20minutes.ButfortheTitanic,itwastwo-and-a-halfhours.“Ifyou’vegotaneventthatlaststwo-and-a-halfhours,socialorderwilltakeoverandeverybodywillbehaveinasocialmanner,”Savagesays.“Ifyou’regoingdowninunder17minutes,basicallyit’sinstinctual。

”OntheTitanic,socialorderruled,anditwaswomenandchildrenfirst.OntheLusitania,instinctwonout.Thesurvivorswerelargelythepeoplewhocouldswimandgetintothelifeboats。

　　Yes,we’reself-interested,Savageways.Butwe’realsopartofasociety.Giventime,socialnorms（规范）canbeatournaturalself-interest.Ahundredyearsago,womenandchildrenalwayswentfirst.Menwerestoic（坚忍的）。

OntheTitanic,therewasenoughtimeforthesenormstobecomeforceful。

　　11.Accordingtotheauthor,economistswereconfusedbecause_____。

　　People’sbehaviorwasdisorderlyontheTitanic

　　PeopledidnotactintheirowninterestontheTitanic

　　mostmendidnotactintheirowninterestontheLusitania

　　womenandchildrencouldnotclimbintothelifeboats

　　12.Theexpression“wonout”inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto“_____”。

　　A.tooktheupperhandB.wentoutofcontrol

　　C.ranwildD.shutdown

　　13.AccordingtoDavidSavage,_____wasacriticalfactorindeterminingpeople’sbehaviorinthesinkingofthesetwoships。

　　A.socialorderB.placeC.instinctD.time

　　14.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?

　　A.Bothshipswereexpensiveones。

　　B.Asimilarnumberofwomenandchildrenfrombothshipssurvived。

　　C.Aboutthesamenumberofpeoplefromeachshipdied。

　　D.Bothshipshadasimilarnumberofpassenger。

　　15.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?

　　A.WhyDidn’tMusiciansPlayontheLusitania?

　　B.WhyDidMusiciansPlayontheTitanic?

　　C.WhyDidn’tPassengersPanicontheTitanic?

　　D.WhyDidMenSmokeon