高中英语语法知识之定语从句Word文档格式.docx
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关系代词
that
which
whowhom
whoseas
关系副词
when
where
why
5，关系词常有3个作用：
①连接作用，引导定语从句。
②代替先行词。
③在定语从句中担当一个成分。
限制性定语从句（无逗号）
一、关系代词指人who/whom/that定语从句
1.Theman（who/thatstandsthere）ismyfather.
分析：
把theman代入定语从句中是充当主语，即：
Themanstandsthere,所以连接词可用who和that
例句：
Thebeautifulgirlwho/thatwearsbluecoatismygirl.
2.Theman（whom/who/thattheyaretalkingabout）ismyfather.
把theman代入定语从句中是充当宾语，即：
Theyaretalkingabouttheman,所以连接词可用who,that和whom,也就是说whom只能是当先行词代入定语从句中充当宾语的时候才可用。
Doyouremembertheboywhom/who/thatwecaughtlastyear?
▲注：
在定语从句中做宾语，句中的whom/who/that还可省略.
Theman（theyaretalkingabout）ismyfather.
而当把介词提前时，连接词只能用whom
Theman（aboutwhomtheyaretalking）ismyfather.
【即学即练1】
填词练习
1.Ihavemanyfriends,of_____________somearebusinessmen.
2.Iwonderthejobofthegirl_____youfallinlovewith.
3.MissWangisagoodteacherfrom____________________Ihavelearnedalot.
4.Inourfactorythereare2,000workers,twothirdsof____________________arewomen.
5.JK.Rowlingisagreatwriter______haswrittenmanybookslikeHarryPotter.
改错练习
1.ThemancameyesterdayisourEnglishteacher.
2.Iknowthestudentwaspraisedatthemeetinglastweek
3.Nohumanbeingcanbereallyhappywhomisnotgivingortryingtogivehappinesstoothers.
4.DoyouknowthegirlwithwhoLiMingistalking?
5.Whathaveyoudonetothegirlistalkingtheteacher?
二、关系代词指物which/that
1.Thefarm（which/thatraisesthisanimal）ishere.
把farm代入定语从句中是充当主语，即：
Thefarmraisesthisanimal。
所以连接词用which/that.
Theplacewhich/thatholdthemeetingisinthecenterofthecity.
Theyear（which/thatIneverforgot）mademanypeopledie.
把year代入定语从句中是充当宾语，即：
Ineverforgottheyear.所以连接词用which/that.
若先行词在定语从句中做宾语则句中的which/that可省略，即：
Theyear（Ineverforgot）mademanypeopledie.
Theaccident（which/that）Iwitnessedyesterdaymademesick.
【即学即练2】
1.XiamenWutongLighthouseParkisthepointfrom___________the2015XiamenInternationalMarathonstarted.
2.Overthepastdecadeshehassavedanotherthousanddollarswith________hecouldsupporthisfamilyafterretirement.
3.Theriseinfoodpriceisasubject___________Chinesepeoplehavetalkedaboutforalongtime.
4.Hewaseducatedatalocalgrammarschool,after___________hewentontoCambridge.
5.Thestory_______wasaboutSnowWhiteandPrinceCharmingismyfavorite.
1.Hetoldusaboutthecountrieswherehehadvisited.
2.Egyptisacountrywhereisfamousforitspyramids.
3.Thedayswhenwespenttogethercannotbeeasilyforgotten.
4.Thisisawonderfulrestauranthasmanydeliciousfood.
5.ChineseKongfuhasgreatinfluenceinChinahasalonghistoryofit.
三．关系副词when/where/why
Theyear（when/inwhichtheearthquakehappened）mademanypeopledie.
把year代入定语从句中是充当时间状语，即：
Theearthquakehappenedintheyear.所以连接词用when/inwhich.
Thefarm（where/onwhichthisanimalisraised）ishere.
把farm代入定语从句中是充当地点状语，即：
Thisanimalisraisedonthefarm.所以连接词用where/onwhich.
Thereason（why/forwhichhewaslateforschool）isunknown.
分析：
把reason代入定语从句中是充当原因状语，即：
hewaslateforschoolforthereason.所以连接词用why/forwhich.
【即学即练3】
1.Weliveinanage__________informationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore.
2.Londonistheonlycityintheworld__________takingabusisaninterestingexperiencefortourists.
3.Hehelpedhisfatheronthefarm_________theylive.
4.Isthatthereason_________youareinfavourofthesuggestion?
5.Themostwonderfulthingintheworldisthatyouhaveahome_____youcanshareeverythingwithyourfamilies.
1.Therearethreethingswhereapersoncandotostayingoodshape.
2.Studentsshouldtrytheirbesttorealizetheirdreamswhereisthelightoftheirlives.
3.Iwouldneverforgetthedayswhichwehadagreattimetogether.
4.JennywillneverknowthereasonthatJimrefusesher.
5.CouldyoutellmetheplacethattheGreen’saregoingtospendtheirholidays.
★注意：
当先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语，连接词只能用that5种的情况：
①最高级②序数词③有人又有物④不定代词⑤前有theonly&
thevery修饰
例：
Thisistheverycarthatwasstolenafewdaysago.
Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.
Thisisthebiggestlabthatwehaveeverbuiltinouruniversity.
Icanstillrememberthethingsandpeoplethathappenedmanyyearsago.
四、人&
物whose（某某人的…../某某物的……表所属关系）
Theman（whosecoatisblue）ismyfather.
theman代入定语从句中时，与coat构成所属关系，即：
theman’scoat,所以连接词用whose.
Thebook（whosecolorisblue）ishere.
thebook代入定语从句中时，与color构成所属关系，即：
thecolorofthebook,所以连接词用whose.
=Thebook（thecolorofwhichisblue）ishere.
【即学即练4】
1.MyfriendJennifer,with_______________helpI’vemadegreatprogressinmystudies,willleaveforCanadanextweek.
2.Heistalkingaboutthegreatwoman_____________filmshavebeenoninmanycities.
3.Theoldtemple________________roofwasdamagedinstormisnowunderrepair.
4.Thisfactorywillnottakeonanyone_____________eyesightisweak.
5.Weshouldrespectthosepeople_______wholeliveshavebeencontributedtothecountry.
1.Thepoormanlivesintheroomwhichwindowsarebroken.
2.Chinaisthecountryofwhichhespentthebestpartofhislife.
3.Loveisanexpensivething,itspriceisyourpureandsincereheart.
4.MymothertoldmethatIshouldneverplaywiththekidswhoparentsweredivorced.
5.Thegovernmentshouldcaremoreaboutthepeoplewherelivesaretoughandhard.
非限制性定语从句（有逗号）
即在先行词和定语从句之间加个逗号
Thisisthehousewhich/thatweboughtlastmonth.（限制性）
Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.（非限制性,只能用which）
Theboywho/thatwearsablackhatismybrother.
Theboy,whowearsablackhat,ismybrother.
区别：
意思上区别不大，只是不能用that,其他连接词用法不变
Thecity,whereIlive,isveryattractive.
Theyear,whenIwasborn,wasverycold.
as,which引导非限定性定语从句
由as,which引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句。
Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone'
shealth.如我们所知，吸烟有害健康。
Myparentsoftengivememoneyonweekend,whichisveryimportanttome.
我父母每个周某都会给我钱钱，这对于我来说非常的重要
as指代一整句话的时候要放在句首，而which只能放在逗号后面。
两者意义不同，as有“正如”的意思，而which指代前面的一句话，有“这”的意思。
★注意as的特殊用法：
名词前有such和thesame修饰时，关系代词只用as。
Heisnotsuchafoolashelooks.
Don’treadsuchbooksasyoucan’tunderstand.
【即学即练5】
1.Iwalkedinourgarden,________________TomandJimweretyingabigsignontooneofthetrees.
2.Hewasveryrudetothecustomsofficer,__________ofcoursemadethingsevenworse.
3.Heisworkinghard,____________willmakehimpassthefinalexam.
4.Theletterisfrommysister,__________________isworkinginBeijing.
5.Maybehewouldnevertellyouthetruth,___________istoohardtobelieve.
1.Whichweallknow,swimmingisaverygoodsport.
2.Myglasses,withwhichIwaslikeablindman,felltotheground.
3.Timewillnevercomeback,thatisknowntousall.
4.Therecomesthewriterandsinger,thatisfamousforhisgreattalentinart.
5.Happinessiseveryone’sdream,aswillflyawayifwedon’tcherishit.
综合练习
1.You'
rethekindestperson______I'
veevermet.
2.Onethousandpeopleweretrapped（困在）inthedamaged（危险地）building,mostof______weresaved.
3.Remembertodresssmartlyonanoccasion_______somethingimportanthappens.
4.Homeisaplace___________peopledon’tignoreyouandavoidyou.
5.We’llneverforgetthefactory__________weworkedtwoweeksago.
6.Theoldbuilding,_______windowsweredamagedintheearthquakeisnowunderrepair.
7.______isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.
8.TheKingwouldnotchoosethosepeople________heartswerenotbraveenough.
9.Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,madetheothersenvyhim.
10.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons________theyrememberedintheschool.
11.Thereare250womeninourcompanyintotal,onethirdsof_______areover40yearsold.
12.You'
retheonlyman__________Iloveforever.
13.Hangzhouisabeautifulcity,________isoftencalledtheHeavenoftheEarth.
14.Thestudentsmovedallthebookstomyoffice,__________theywantedtokeepthemfortwodays.
15.ReadingaloudisnecessaryforEnglishstudy,___________Ioftentellyou.
1.Thesewhohaveplentyofmoneywillhelptheirfriends.
2.ThisisthelongesttrainwhichIhaveeverseen.
3.Ihavenothingtodowithhim,whomisthecoldestmanIhaveeverseen.
4.IshallneverforgetthoseyearswhichIlivedinthefarmwhichyouvisitedlastweek.
5.TheradiosetwhichIboughtitlastweekhasgonewrong.
6.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,mostofthemhadn'
tbeencleanedforatleastayear.
7.Thedaywillcomewhichthepeopleallovertheworldwillwinliberation.
8.InthepolicestationIsawthemanfromwhichroomthethiefhadstolentheTVset.
9.Theytalkedforaboutanhourofthingsandpersonswhotheyrememberedintheschool.
10.Phonebecomemoreandmoreimportantinourlives,withwhichwecannotgetintouchwithfriendsintime.
11.Heisamanofgreatexperience,fromwhomuchcanbelearned.
12.Aharvesterisamachinewithwhichweharvestcropsorapersonwhichisharvesting.
13.Ihaveboughtthe
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