International DocumentationWord文档下载推荐.docx

International DocumentationWord文档下载推荐.docx

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∙TIRCarnet

∙AirWaybill

∙BillofLading

∙FurtherReading

CMRDocument

Themostcommonlyuseddocumentbydrivers,operatorsandforwardersalike,theCMRnoteisaninternationalconsignmentnotewhichisspecifiedundertheConventionfortheContractoftheInternationalCarriageofGoodsbyRoad1956（theCMRConvention）.SignedinGenevaon19thMay1956,itisembodiedintoUKlawbytheCarriageofGoodsbyRoadAct1965（asamendedbytheCarriagebyAirandRoadAct1979）.

TheCMRConventionsgovernstheresponsibilitiesandliabilitiesofthepartiestoacontractforthecarriageofgoodsbyroadinternationally.ACMRdocumentisnotadocumentoftitleandisthereforenon-negotiable.

ForUKbasedexporters,aCMRdocumentwouldapplyonlytogoodscarriedbyaroadvehicleonaroll-onroll-offferryorviatheChannelTunnel.Itdoesnotapplytogoodsthatcrosstheinternationalborderinacontaineronaship.

ACMRformisa4partdocumentcomprisingof;

∙sender'

scopy（red）

∙consignee'

scopy（blue）

∙carrier'

scopy（green）

∙administrationcopy（whitewithblackborder）

Thecarrierusuallycompletestheform,buttheconsignorisresponsiblefortheaccuracyoftheinformationandmustsigntheformwhenthegoodsarecollected.Theconsigneewillalsosigntheformondelivery,whichisessentialforthecarrierasasignedcopyisinmanycasesthecarriersonlyconfirmationofdeliveryandmeansforpaymentofhishaulagecharge（s）.

TodownloadacopyoftheCMRConvention,clickonthelinkbelow.

CMRConvention-UNITEDNATIONS

T1andT2Documents

T1andT2documentsareTransitdocuments.Thereare2systemswhichallowthemovementofgoodswithintheEuropeanwidesystem,theseare;

∙TheCommunitytransitsystem（CT）

∙TheNewComputerisedTransitSystem（NCTS）

TheCommunitytransitsystem（CT）allowsgoodsthatarenotinfreecirculationintheEuropeanCommunity（non-Communitygoods）tomovebetweentwopointswithintheCommunitywithoutbeingsubjecttoimportdutiesandothercharges.

TheNewComputerisedTransitSystem（NCTS）isaEuropeanwidesystem,baseduponelectronicdeclarationandprocessing,designedtoprovidebettermanagementandcontrolofCT.ItinvolvesallEUMemberStatesandtheEFTAcountries.

Eachcountry'

sownNCTSprocessingsystemisconnected,throughacentraldomaininBrussels,toalloftheothercountries.SinceNCTSmandationonthe1July2005,papertransitdocumentsareonlyacceptedfromprivatetravellers（withgoodsinexcessofallowances）andduringNCTSfallback.

Anexampleofhowtheelectronicsystemworksisasfollows;

AtruckisloadedforItalytodayandaT1documentisissuedbyTransit.ImmediatelyafterpreparingtheelectronicT1documenttheclearingofficeinItalywillreceivethemessagecontainingdetailsofthegoods.IfnoconfirmationmessagehasbeenreturnedbytheItalianofficewithin3days,itwillbenecessarytoinvestigatethestatusofthetruck.

Thiselectronicsystemisfarmoreefficientthanthepreviousmethodofpaperworkbeingcarriedbydrivers.Italsoreducestheriskofpaperworkgettinglost,documentsnotclearing,whichreducestheriskoffines/penaltiesissuedfornon-clearance.

[backtotop]

ATACarnet

TheATAcarnetisaninternationalCustomsdocumentwhichispresentedtoCustomseachtimegoodsenterorleaveacountry.ItallowsgoodstobetemporarilyimportedwithoutpaymentofCustomschargesforuptooneyearandcancoveroneormoredifferenttypesofgoods.

ThebenefitofusinganATAcarnetisthelegalfreemovementofgoodsacrossfrontiersandcoverstheirtemporaryadmissionintoacountrywithrelieffromcustomsduties,excisedutyandVAT.

Usingacarnet;

a.avoidstheneedtocompletenationalCustomsdeclarationsortoprovidefreshsecurityforcustomschargespotentiallydueineachcountryvisited;

b.simplifiesCustomsclearanceofgoodsineachcountryvisited;

c.canbeusedindifferentcountriesaroundtheworld;

and

d.canhelpovercomeproblemsthatmayotherwiseresultfromlanguagebarriersandhavingtocompleteunfamiliarCustomsforms.

AnATAcarnetcanbeusedbyprivatetravellersorbusinesses.Whenacarnetisissued,thepersonwhocanuseitwillbenamedonthefrontcoverofthecarnet,thispersonisthe'

holder'

.Thecarnetcanbeusedbytheholderorarepresentativenamedonthecarnet.Theholderdoesnothavetoownthegoodsbutdoesacceptliabilityforanycustomsdutyandotherchargesthatmaybeincurred.

Responsibilitiesofthecarnetholderaretoensure;

1.thecountryintowhichthegoodsaregoingtobeimportedacceptsATAcarnetsforthegoodsconcerned;

2.thatthecarnetispresentedtoCustomsforendorsementeachtimethegoodsenterorleaveacountry.

TIRCarnet

TIRisusedtomovegoods,essentiallybyroad,betweentwoContractingPartiestotheTIRConventionorbetweentwopointsinaparticipatingcountryaslongasthemovementpassesthroughathirdcountry.Thepaymentofdutiesandotherchargesaresuspended.ForthepurposesofTIR,theCommunityisregardedasasingleterritory.TIRisonlypermittedintheEUwhenthemovementeitherbegins,endsortransitsathirdcountry.

TIRstandsfor'

TransportInternationaleRoutiers'

whichinEnglishmeansInternationalRoadTransport.Itisaninternationaltransitsystemallowinggoodstotravelacrossoneormoreinternationalborderswiththeminimumofcustomsinvolvement.Atthebeginningof2010theTIRSystemhad68ContractingParties（includingtheEuropeanUnion）onfourcontinents.ManymorecountriesinAfrica,Asia,theMiddleEastandSouthAmericahavedemonstratedtheirinterestinaccedingtothesysteminthenearfuture.

InordertoensurethatgoodsmaytravelwithaminimuminterventionenrouteandyetoffermaximumsafeguardsforCustomsadministrationsinallcountriesoftransit,theTIRregimecontainsfivebasicrequirementsorprinciples.Theseprinciplesare;

1.thegoodsshouldtravelinsecurevehiclesorcontainers（Securevehiclesorcontainers）;

2.throughoutthejourney,dutiesandtaxesatriskmustbecoveredbyaninternationallyvalidguaranteeadministeredthroughnationalguaranteeassociations.TheUKhasapprovedtwoassociations,theFreightTransportAssociation（FTA）andtheRoadHaulageAssociation（RHA）（Internationalguarantee）;

3.thegoodsshouldbeaccompaniedbyaninternationallyrecogniseddocument,theTIRCarnet.ThisistakenintouseinthecountryofdepartureandservesastheCustomscontroldocumentinthecountriesofdeparture,transitanddestination（TIRCarnet）;

4.Customscontrolmeasurestakeninthecountryofdepartureshouldbeacceptedbythecountriesoftransitanddestination（MutualrecognitionofCustomscontrols）;

5.accesstotheTIRprocedurefor

-nationalassociationstoissueTIRCarnets;

andfor

-naturalandlegalpersonstoutiliseTIRcarnetsshouldbeauthorisedbycompetentnationalauthorities（Controlledaccess）.

Thelawsonwhichtheaboveisbasedarecontainedwithin;

∙TheTIRConvention1975;

∙CouncilRegulation（EEC）No2913/92andCommissionRegulation（EEC）No2454/93;

∙TheCustomsandExciseManagementAct1979.

InternationalRoadTransportUnion

TheIRUTIR-EPDapplicationallowsTIRCarnetHolderstocomply,freeofcharge,withtheEUNCTS/TIRandEORIRegulationswhichenteredintoforcein2009,aswellaswiththenewEUsecurityrequirements,whichenteredintoforceon1January2011,bysubmittingTIRElectronicPre-DeclarationstoCustomsofficesofentry/departureinasimple,standardisedway.TheIRUTIR-EPDisalsofullycompliantwiththeWorldCustomsOrganisation'

sFrameworkofStandards.

TIR-EPDapplication-InternationalRoadTransportUnion

AirWaybill

Theairwaybillisadocumentofcarriagewhichisissuedbyairlinestoshippersofcargo.TheconditionsunderwhichitisissuedistheWarsawConvention,whichwassignedinWarsawon12thOctober1929.ThiswasamendedattheHague（Netherlands）on28thSeptember1955andwasfurtheramendedbytheMontrealConventionatMontrealon28thMay1999effectivelyunifyingcertainrulesfromthelatter.

Anairwaybillisnotadocumentoftitle.Thedocumentoftentravelsforwardwiththegoodsallowingimmediatereleaseofthegoodsintotheconsignee'

schargeforsubsequentcustomsclearanceanddelivery.

On16thMarch2008,resolution600bbecameeffectiveon17March2008,rescindingResolution600b（II）onthesameday,withthefollowingconditionsofcontractandnoticestobeincludedoneveryAirwaybill;

NoticeappearingonthefaceofanAirWaybill

Itisagreedthatthegoodsdescribedhereinareacceptedinapparentgoodorderandcondition（exceptasnoted）forcarriageSUBJECTTOTHECONDITIONSOFCONTRACTONTHEREVERSEHEREOF.ALLGOODSMAYBECARRIEDBYANYOTHERMEANSINCLUDINGROADORANYOTHERCARRIERUNLESSSPECIFICCONTRARYINSTRUCTIONSAREGIVENHEREONBYTHESHIPPER,ANDSHIPPERAGREESTHATTHESHIPMENTMAYBECARRIEDVIAINTERMEDIATESTOPPINGPLACESWHICHTHECARRIERDEEMSAPPPROPRIATE.THESHIPPER'

SATTENTIONISDRAWNTOTHENOTICECONCERNINGCARRIER'

SLIMITATIONOFLIABILITY.Shippermayin