刘博强考研词汇笔记Word格式文档下载.docx
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terriblea.非常讨厌的,令人不快的,可怕的
incrediblea.难以置信的
incompatiblea.可兼容的,可共存的;
关系好的,和睦的
flexiblea.灵活的,可变的
inediblea.难吃的,难以下咽的
[真题例句]:
1.theinediblecanteenfoodorthechairman'
snotoriousbadtasteinties.(2002Tex2)
2.Boththeabsolutecostofhealthcareandtheshareofitbornebyfamilieshaverisen–andnewlyfashionablehealth-savingplansarespreadingfromlegislativehallstoWal-Martworkers,withmuchhigherdeductiblesandalargenewdoseofinvestmentriskforfamilies’futurehealthcare.
译文:
绝对医疗保险费用和家庭所承担的(部分)费用均已经上涨,而新型的医疗储蓄计划正从立法机构推广开来,(甚至)涵盖沃尔玛超市的工人,这一计划出现了更多的扣除条款,并给家庭未来的医疗保险又增加了一笔很大的投资风险。
(2003)
3.TheDegradationoflanguageandMusicandwhyweshouldlike,care,JohnMcWhorter,alinguistandcontroversialistofmixedliberalandconservativeviews,seesthetriumphof1960scounter-cultureasresponsibleforthedeclineofformalEnglish.
在他最近的书《做我们自己的事:
语言和音乐的退化,以及为什么我们应该喜欢或在意?
》中,这位学者认为60年代反文化运动的胜利要对正式英语的退化负责。
4.Althoughitruledthatthereisnoconstitutionalrighttophysician-assistedsuicide,theCourtineffectsupportedthemedicalprincipleof"
doubleeffect,"
acenturies-oldmoralprincipleholdingthatanactionhavingtwoeffects—agoodonethatisintendedandaharmfulonethatisforeseen—ispermissibleiftheactorintendsonlythegoodeffect.(2002阅读Text4)
尽管裁决认为,宪法没有赋予医生帮助病人自杀的权利,然而最高法庭实际上却认可了医疗界的“双效”原则,这个存在了好几个世纪的道德原则认为,如果某种行为具有双重效果(希望达到的好效果和可以预见得到的坏效果),那么,只要行为实施只是想达到好的效果,这个行为就是可以允许的。
-able的高频词汇
liablea.1.[forsth]法律上有偿付责任的,2.[todo]可能做某事3.[+tosth]可能受…影响
profitablea.可盈利的
favorablea.有利的
reasonablea.合理的
advisablea.明智的,可取的
2000年Text3
Whenanewmovementinartattainsacertainfashion,itisadvisabletofindoutwhatitsadvocatesareaimingat,for,howeverfarfetchedandunreasonabletheirprinciplesmayseemtoday,itispossiblethatinyearstocometheymayberegardedasnormal.
sizable
2002Text3
Asizableportionoftheworldisonlyjustemergingfromeconomicdecline.
vulnerable
Buttheycouldandshouldbe.Encouragingkidstorejectthelifeofthemindleavesthemvulnerabletoexploitationandcontrol.
二关于词汇的变体
1.act的变体
ag
agency
1.abusinessthatprovidesinformationaboutotherbusinessesandtheirproducts,orthatprovidesaparticularservice服务机构,(尤指)代理机构,经销机构
2.agovernmentdepartmentthatprovidesaparticularservice(政府的)专门机构
[短语搭配]
1.throughtheagencyof:
asaresultoftheactionofsb/sth由于......得作用
[真题例句]
1.ManpowerInc.,with560000workers,istheworld’slargesttemporaryemploymentagency.(1997知识运用)
2.anationaldrugagency一个国家药物机构(2005阅读PartB)
agent
[n.]1.apersonwhosejobistoactforormanagetheaffairsofotherpeople代理人,经济人
2.apersonorthingthathasanimportanteffectonasituation对事态起重要作用的人、事物
[真题例句]
1.thesite’s“personalsearchagent”(2004阅读Text)
2.Sincemuchofthevariationisduetogenes,onemoreagentofevolutionhasgone.(2000阅读Text2)
agitate
构词做,行为+it走+ate动词尾缀=做行为使事物走动→搅动,煽动
[v.]1.toshakeorstiraliquidquickly搅动,摇动(液体等)[近stir]
2.toarguestronglysthyouwant激烈争论,鼓动,煽动[+for/againststh]
3.tomakesbfeelangry,anxiousornervous使激动,使不安,激怒[近irritate,upset]
[词汇派生]
1.agitationn.搅动,摇动;
骚动,煽动;
焦虑不安,烦乱
2.agitatorn.煽动者,鼓动者
3.agitateda.焦虑不安的,激动的
[题源例句]
1.AnumberofMPshavestartedtoagitateforanationalstrategytobechartedforthelabourquestion,basedontargetsforreducingrelianceonexpatriates(2008Economists)
ag+on=agon/ango/angu使…烦恼和痛苦
agony[
[n.]extremephysicalormentalpain(精神或肉体的)极度痛苦
[词汇派生]agonize[苦苦思索;
焦虑不已
agonized十分痛苦的,很焦虑的
[真题例句]modernmedicinehasprolongedthephysicalagonyofdying.
anguish[
剧痛;
极度痛苦,苦恼
题源例句】
Tearsofanguishfilledeverypresentcivilian’seyes.
alt=out表示“外”;
“高”;
引申为朝外,转换
1.表示“高”
altitude
海拔高度
高处,高地
exalt[
提拔,提升(有时指的提拔到不该得到的职位上)
表扬,高度赞赏
2.表示转换,变化
alter
[v.]1.tochangeormakesborsthchange(使)改变,更改,改动
注解:
alter表示不改变性质的变化
1.alterablea.可变的,可改的
2.alterationn.[C,U]改变,变化
1.Technically,anysubstanceotherthanfoodthataltersourbodilyormentalfunctioningisadrug.(1997阅读Text3)
alternate
[a.]1.[一般用于名词前]happeningoneaftertheotherinarepeatedpattern轮流的,交替的
2.happeningononeofeverytwodays,monthetc间隔的[everyother]
3.usedinsteadoftheonethatwasintendedtobeused可替代的,其他的
[v.]1.(tomake)(thingsorpeople)followoneaftertheotherinarepeatedpattern(使)轮流,交替[+AandB,+AwithB,+withsth,+betweenAandB]
1.alternationn.交替,轮流
2.alternatelyad.交替地
1....theaveragepersonwillautomaticallysetoutonthebest-knownandapparentlysimplestroute.Theinnovatorwillsearchforalternatecourses...(1994阅读Text5)
1.Studentsalternateacademicsemesterwithco-opsemesterstogaincommunications-relatedexperience.(2001Reader’sDigest)
2.Since1895,themediahasalternatedbetweenglobalcoolingandwarmingscares.(2006Economist)
alternative
[a.]1.[仅用于名词前](ofoneormorethings)availableorusableinsteadofanother可替代使用的;
其他的
2.differentfromwhatisusual,expected,ortraditional另类的,非正统的[近unorthodox]
[n.]3.sththatyoucanchoosetodooruseoutoftwoormorepossibilities可供选择的事物
1.alternativelyad.(引出第二种选择或可能的建议)要不,或者
1....abandoningthedoctrineof“jugglingyourlife”,andmakingthealternativemoveinto“downshifting”bringswithitfargreaterrewardsthanfinancialsuccessandsocialstatus.(2001text1)
2.Ifyouaretalkingtoagroupofmanagers,youmayrefertothedisorganizedmethodsoftheirsecretaries;
alternativelyifyouareaddressingsecretaries,youmaywanttocommentontheirdisorganizedbosses.(2002阅读Text1)
1.Highpricesforoilandnaturalgasareleadingautomakerstoseekalternativeenergysolutions,butit’sgoingtotakeyears.(2008Businessweek)
astro=star表示星星
astronaut[[n.]太空人,太空旅行者
astronomer天文学家
真题例句】
butastronomerswouldliketoseemuchsmallerhotspotsaswell(1998翻译)
astrology[
n.]thestudyofthepositionsofthestarsandthemovementsoftheplanetsinthebeliefthattheyinfluencehumanaffairs占星术,占星学
[派生]1.astrological[a.占星学的
Hereareafewguesses:
a)certainastrologicalsignsconfersuperiorsoccerskills;
(2007阅读Text1)
bind/bond/bound表示连接,联系
band
[n.]1.athinflatstriporcircleofanymaterialthatisputaroundthings;
astripofcolor,ormaterialthatisdifferentfromtheareasaroundit条,带,箍;
条纹,条饰
2.arangeofnumbers,ages,pricesetcwithinwhichpeopleorthingsarecountedormeasuredtogether;
arangeofradiowaves(数目、年龄、价格等的)范围,段;
频带,波段近
3.agroupofpeopleformedbecauseofcommonbelieforpurpose;
agroupofmusicianswhoplaymusictogether(因共同的信念或者目标而组织到一起的)一群人,一伙人;
(尤指流行音乐)乐队
4.用带子捆绑;
加彩条(或嵌条等)
5.toputpeopleorthingsintodifferentgroupsaccordingtoincome,priceorvalue(根据收入、价格或价值)分等级,划分档次
1.bandtogether:
toformagroupinordertoachievesth联合,携手
1.theindividualincomesofwomenandmenbyagebandandfamilytype(2006Life)
2Patientscansimplybandtogetherandruntheirownclinicaltrials,leavingdrugcompaniesandphysiciansoutoftheloop.
bind
[v.]1.totiesb/sthwithrope,string,etc捆绑,系[+sb/sth(tosth/together)]
2.to(makethings)sticktogetherinasolidmass(使)粘合,凝结[+(sth)(together)]
3.tounitepeople,organizations,etc(使)联合在一起,结合
4.[常用被动]toforcesbtodosthbymakingthempromisetodoit约束,迫使[sb(tosth/todo)][近force,compel,oblige,constrain]
5.[常用被动]tofastenthepagesofabooktogetherandputtheminacover;
tosewtheedgeofsthtodecorateorstrengthenit(书籍)装订;
缝牢......的边
[n.]6.[用单数]anannoyingordifficultsituation窘境[in+][近difficulty,dilemma,trouble,corner,plight]
1.bindinga.必须遵守的,有法律约束力的n.(书的)封皮;
镶边
2.bindern.粘合剂;
活页夹;
装订工;
装订机
1.introductionoftheHumanRightsBill,whichmakestheEuropeanConventiononHumanRightslegallybindinginBritain.(2001知识应用)
1.Correctlyinstalledcementboardprovidesaverystablebasethat’spermanentlyboundtothetile(2002Reader’sDigest)
2.Redtapeputscompaniesinabind.繁杂的规定让公司陷入困境。
(2008TheDailyTelegraph)
bond
[n.]1.thewayinwhichtwothingsarejoinedtogether连接,结合
2.[用复数]sththatlimitsyourfreedomandpreventsyoufromdoingwhatyouwant捆绑用的绳索或镣铐;
羁绊
3.sththatunitestwoormorepeopleorgroups,suchaslove,orasharedinterestoridea纽带,联系[+(betweenAandB)]
4.alegalwrittenagreementorpromise(具有法律效力的)书面协定或允诺,契约
5.anagreementbyagovernmentoracompanytopayyouinterestonthemoneyyouhavelent(政府或公司发行的)有息债券,公债
[v.]1.tojointwothingssecurelytogether;
tojoinfirmlytosthelse使牢固结合,把......紧紧连接到[+(AandB),(toget