刘博强考研词汇笔记Word格式文档下载.docx

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刘博强考研词汇笔记Word格式文档下载.docx

terriblea.非常讨厌的,令人不快的,可怕的

incrediblea.难以置信的

incompatiblea.可兼容的,可共存的;

关系好的,和睦的

flexiblea.灵活的,可变的

inediblea.难吃的,难以下咽的

[真题例句]:

1.theinediblecanteenfoodorthechairman'

snotoriousbadtasteinties.(2002Tex2)

2.Boththeabsolutecostofhealthcareandtheshareofitbornebyfamilieshaverisen–andnewlyfashionablehealth-savingplansarespreadingfromlegislativehallstoWal-Martworkers,withmuchhigherdeductiblesandalargenewdoseofinvestmentriskforfamilies’futurehealthcare.

译文:

绝对医疗保险费用和家庭所承担的(部分)费用均已经上涨,而新型的医疗储蓄计划正从立法机构推广开来,(甚至)涵盖沃尔玛超市的工人,这一计划出现了更多的扣除条款,并给家庭未来的医疗保险又增加了一笔很大的投资风险。

(2003)

3.TheDegradationoflanguageandMusicandwhyweshouldlike,care,JohnMcWhorter,alinguistandcontroversialistofmixedliberalandconservativeviews,seesthetriumphof1960scounter-cultureasresponsibleforthedeclineofformalEnglish.

在他最近的书《做我们自己的事:

语言和音乐的退化,以及为什么我们应该喜欢或在意?

》中,这位学者认为60年代反文化运动的胜利要对正式英语的退化负责。

4.Althoughitruledthatthereisnoconstitutionalrighttophysician-assistedsuicide,theCourtineffectsupportedthemedicalprincipleof"

doubleeffect,"

acenturies-oldmoralprincipleholdingthatanactionhavingtwoeffects—agoodonethatisintendedandaharmfulonethatisforeseen—ispermissibleiftheactorintendsonlythegoodeffect.(2002阅读Text4)

尽管裁决认为,宪法没有赋予医生帮助病人自杀的权利,然而最高法庭实际上却认可了医疗界的“双效”原则,这个存在了好几个世纪的道德原则认为,如果某种行为具有双重效果(希望达到的好效果和可以预见得到的坏效果),那么,只要行为实施只是想达到好的效果,这个行为就是可以允许的。

-able的高频词汇

liablea.1.[forsth]法律上有偿付责任的,2.[todo]可能做某事3.[+tosth]可能受…影响

profitablea.可盈利的

favorablea.有利的

reasonablea.合理的

advisablea.明智的,可取的

2000年Text3

Whenanewmovementinartattainsacertainfashion,itisadvisabletofindoutwhatitsadvocatesareaimingat,for,howeverfarfetchedandunreasonabletheirprinciplesmayseemtoday,itispossiblethatinyearstocometheymayberegardedasnormal.

sizable

2002Text3

Asizableportionoftheworldisonlyjustemergingfromeconomicdecline.

vulnerable

Buttheycouldandshouldbe.Encouragingkidstorejectthelifeofthemindleavesthemvulnerabletoexploitationandcontrol.

二关于词汇的变体

1.act的变体

ag

agency

1.abusinessthatprovidesinformationaboutotherbusinessesandtheirproducts,orthatprovidesaparticularservice服务机构,(尤指)代理机构,经销机构

2.agovernmentdepartmentthatprovidesaparticularservice(政府的)专门机构

[短语搭配]

1.throughtheagencyof:

asaresultoftheactionofsb/sth由于......得作用

[真题例句]

1.ManpowerInc.,with560000workers,istheworld’slargesttemporaryemploymentagency.(1997知识运用)

2.anationaldrugagency一个国家药物机构(2005阅读PartB)

agent

[n.]1.apersonwhosejobistoactforormanagetheaffairsofotherpeople代理人,经济人

2.apersonorthingthathasanimportanteffectonasituation对事态起重要作用的人、事物

[真题例句]

1.thesite’s“personalsearchagent”(2004阅读Text)

2.Sincemuchofthevariationisduetogenes,onemoreagentofevolutionhasgone.(2000阅读Text2)

agitate

构词做,行为+it走+ate动词尾缀=做行为使事物走动→搅动,煽动

[v.]1.toshakeorstiraliquidquickly搅动,摇动(液体等)[近stir]

2.toarguestronglysthyouwant激烈争论,鼓动,煽动[+for/againststh]

3.tomakesbfeelangry,anxiousornervous使激动,使不安,激怒[近irritate,upset]

[词汇派生]

1.agitationn.搅动,摇动;

骚动,煽动;

焦虑不安,烦乱

2.agitatorn.煽动者,鼓动者

3.agitateda.焦虑不安的,激动的

[题源例句]

1.AnumberofMPshavestartedtoagitateforanationalstrategytobechartedforthelabourquestion,basedontargetsforreducingrelianceonexpatriates(2008Economists)

 

ag+on=agon/ango/angu使…烦恼和痛苦

agony[

[n.]extremephysicalormentalpain(精神或肉体的)极度痛苦

[词汇派生]agonize[苦苦思索;

焦虑不已

agonized十分痛苦的,很焦虑的

[真题例句]modernmedicinehasprolongedthephysicalagonyofdying.

anguish[

剧痛;

极度痛苦,苦恼

题源例句】

Tearsofanguishfilledeverypresentcivilian’seyes.

alt=out表示“外”;

“高”;

引申为朝外,转换

1.表示“高”

altitude

海拔高度

高处,高地

exalt[

提拔,提升(有时指的提拔到不该得到的职位上)

表扬,高度赞赏

2.表示转换,变化

alter

[v.]1.tochangeormakesborsthchange(使)改变,更改,改动

注解:

alter表示不改变性质的变化

1.alterablea.可变的,可改的

2.alterationn.[C,U]改变,变化

1.Technically,anysubstanceotherthanfoodthataltersourbodilyormentalfunctioningisadrug.(1997阅读Text3)

alternate

[a.]1.[一般用于名词前]happeningoneaftertheotherinarepeatedpattern轮流的,交替的

2.happeningononeofeverytwodays,monthetc间隔的[everyother]

3.usedinsteadoftheonethatwasintendedtobeused可替代的,其他的

[v.]1.(tomake)(thingsorpeople)followoneaftertheotherinarepeatedpattern(使)轮流,交替[+AandB,+AwithB,+withsth,+betweenAandB]

1.alternationn.交替,轮流

2.alternatelyad.交替地

1....theaveragepersonwillautomaticallysetoutonthebest-knownandapparentlysimplestroute.Theinnovatorwillsearchforalternatecourses...(1994阅读Text5)

1.Studentsalternateacademicsemesterwithco-opsemesterstogaincommunications-relatedexperience.(2001Reader’sDigest)

2.Since1895,themediahasalternatedbetweenglobalcoolingandwarmingscares.(2006Economist)

alternative

[a.]1.[仅用于名词前](ofoneormorethings)availableorusableinsteadofanother可替代使用的;

其他的

2.differentfromwhatisusual,expected,ortraditional另类的,非正统的[近unorthodox]

[n.]3.sththatyoucanchoosetodooruseoutoftwoormorepossibilities可供选择的事物

1.alternativelyad.(引出第二种选择或可能的建议)要不,或者

1....abandoningthedoctrineof“jugglingyourlife”,andmakingthealternativemoveinto“downshifting”bringswithitfargreaterrewardsthanfinancialsuccessandsocialstatus.(2001text1)

2.Ifyouaretalkingtoagroupofmanagers,youmayrefertothedisorganizedmethodsoftheirsecretaries;

alternativelyifyouareaddressingsecretaries,youmaywanttocommentontheirdisorganizedbosses.(2002阅读Text1)

1.Highpricesforoilandnaturalgasareleadingautomakerstoseekalternativeenergysolutions,butit’sgoingtotakeyears.(2008Businessweek)

astro=star表示星星

astronaut[[n.]太空人,太空旅行者

astronomer天文学家

真题例句】

butastronomerswouldliketoseemuchsmallerhotspotsaswell(1998翻译)

astrology[

n.]thestudyofthepositionsofthestarsandthemovementsoftheplanetsinthebeliefthattheyinfluencehumanaffairs占星术,占星学

[派生]1.astrological[a.占星学的

Hereareafewguesses:

a)certainastrologicalsignsconfersuperiorsoccerskills;

(2007阅读Text1)

bind/bond/bound表示连接,联系

band

[n.]1.athinflatstriporcircleofanymaterialthatisputaroundthings;

astripofcolor,ormaterialthatisdifferentfromtheareasaroundit条,带,箍;

条纹,条饰

2.arangeofnumbers,ages,pricesetcwithinwhichpeopleorthingsarecountedormeasuredtogether;

arangeofradiowaves(数目、年龄、价格等的)范围,段;

频带,波段近

3.agroupofpeopleformedbecauseofcommonbelieforpurpose;

agroupofmusicianswhoplaymusictogether(因共同的信念或者目标而组织到一起的)一群人,一伙人;

(尤指流行音乐)乐队

4.用带子捆绑;

加彩条(或嵌条等)

5.toputpeopleorthingsintodifferentgroupsaccordingtoincome,priceorvalue(根据收入、价格或价值)分等级,划分档次

1.bandtogether:

toformagroupinordertoachievesth联合,携手

1.theindividualincomesofwomenandmenbyagebandandfamilytype(2006Life)

2Patientscansimplybandtogetherandruntheirownclinicaltrials,leavingdrugcompaniesandphysiciansoutoftheloop.

bind

[v.]1.totiesb/sthwithrope,string,etc捆绑,系[+sb/sth(tosth/together)]

2.to(makethings)sticktogetherinasolidmass(使)粘合,凝结[+(sth)(together)]

3.tounitepeople,organizations,etc(使)联合在一起,结合

4.[常用被动]toforcesbtodosthbymakingthempromisetodoit约束,迫使[sb(tosth/todo)][近force,compel,oblige,constrain]

5.[常用被动]tofastenthepagesofabooktogetherandputtheminacover;

tosewtheedgeofsthtodecorateorstrengthenit(书籍)装订;

缝牢......的边

[n.]6.[用单数]anannoyingordifficultsituation窘境[in+][近difficulty,dilemma,trouble,corner,plight]

1.bindinga.必须遵守的,有法律约束力的n.(书的)封皮;

镶边

2.bindern.粘合剂;

活页夹;

装订工;

装订机

1.introductionoftheHumanRightsBill,whichmakestheEuropeanConventiononHumanRightslegallybindinginBritain.(2001知识应用)

1.Correctlyinstalledcementboardprovidesaverystablebasethat’spermanentlyboundtothetile(2002Reader’sDigest)

2.Redtapeputscompaniesinabind.繁杂的规定让公司陷入困境。

(2008TheDailyTelegraph)

bond

[n.]1.thewayinwhichtwothingsarejoinedtogether连接,结合

2.[用复数]sththatlimitsyourfreedomandpreventsyoufromdoingwhatyouwant捆绑用的绳索或镣铐;

羁绊

3.sththatunitestwoormorepeopleorgroups,suchaslove,orasharedinterestoridea纽带,联系[+(betweenAandB)]

4.alegalwrittenagreementorpromise(具有法律效力的)书面协定或允诺,契约

5.anagreementbyagovernmentoracompanytopayyouinterestonthemoneyyouhavelent(政府或公司发行的)有息债券,公债

[v.]1.tojointwothingssecurelytogether;

tojoinfirmlytosthelse使牢固结合,把......紧紧连接到[+(AandB),(toget

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