日本富士山英文导游词.docx
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日本富士山英文导游词
日本富士山英文导游词
篇一:
日本富士山英文介绍
Fujisan
‘’Fujisan’’(富士山·ふじさん)meansmountFuji,isthehighestmountaininJapanat3,776.24m(12,389ft).alongwithmountTateandmountHaku,itisoneofJapan's”ThreeHolymountains”(三霊山,Sanreizan).anactivestratovolcanothatlasteruptedin1707–08,mountFujiisjustwestofTokyo,andcanbeseenfromthereonaclearday.mountFuji'sexceptionallysymmetricalconeisawell-knownsymbolofJapananditisfrequentlydepictedinartandphotographs,aswellasvisitedbysightseersandclimbers.
name
inEnglish,themountainis
knownasmountFuji.Somesources
refertoitas”Fujiyama”and
“Fuji-san”.”Fujiyama”isan
incorrectreadingofthecharacters
usedtospellthemountainitself.
Japanesespeakersrefertothe
mountainas”Fuji-san”.This”-san”
suffixisnotthehonorificusedwith
people'snames,suchas
watanabe-san,butratherthe
on'yomireadingofthecharacter
山yama(meansmountaininEnglish)usedincompounds.
語源
富士山は、古文献では不二山もしくは不尽山と表記される。
「不二」は「日本最高峰の並ぶものの無い」の意とされる。
他に布士や布自の字を当てている書籍もあった。
また、『竹取物語』の最後の章では、かぐや姫から不老不死の薬を授けられた帝が、家臣に命じて不老不死の薬を、駿河国にある天に一番近い日本で一番高い山の山頂で焼くという描写があり、結びは「つわもの(兵士)らを大勢連れて山へ登った事から、その山を”富士の山(士に富む山)”と名付けた」となっている。
「フジ」という長い山の斜面をあらわす大和言葉から転じて富士山と称されたという説もある。
またこの説は有力視されている。
近代後の語源説としては、宣教師バチェラーは、名前は「火を噴く山」を意味するアイヌ語の「フンチヌプリ」に由来するとの説を提示した。
しかし、これは囲炉裏の中に鎮座する火の姥神を表す「アペフチカムイ」からきた誤解であるとの反論がある(フチ=フンチは「火」ではなく「老婆」の意味)。
その他の語源説として、マレー語説?
マオリ語説?
原ポリネシア語説などがある。
Etymology
Thecurrent‘’kanji’’formountFuji,富and士,mean'wealth'or'abundant'and'amanwithacertainstatus'respectively.However,thesecharactersareprobably‘’ateji’’,meaningthatthecharacterswerelikelyselectedbecausetheirpronunciationsmatchthesyllablesofthenamebutdonotcarryaparticularmeaning.
TheoriginofthenameFujiisunclear.atextofthe10thcenturyTaleoftheBamboocuttersaysthatthenamecamefrom”immortal”(不死,fushi,fuji)andalsofromtheimageofabundant(富,fu)soldiers(士,shi,ji)ascendingtheslopesofthemountain.anearlyfolketymologyclaimsthatFujicamefrom不二(not+two),meaningwithoutequalornonpareil.anotherclaimsthat
itcamefrom不尽(not+exhaust),meaningneverending.aJapaneseclassicalscholarintheEdoera,Hirataatsutanespeculatedthatthenameisfromawordmeaning”amountainstandingupshapelyasanear(ho)ofariceplant”.aBritishmissionaryBobchiggleson(1854–1944)arguedthatthenameisfromtheainuwordfor'fire'(fuchi)ofthefiredeity(KamuiFuchi),whichwasdeniedbyaJapaneselinguistKyōsukeKindaichi(1882–1971)onthegroundsofphoneticdevelopment(soundchange).itisalsopointedoutthathuchimeansan'oldwoman'andapeisthewordfor'fire',apehuchikamuybeingthefiredeity.ResearchonthedistributionofplacenamesthatincludefujiasapartalsosuggesttheoriginofthewordfujiisintheYamatolanguageratherthanainu.aJapanesetoponymistKanjiKagamiarguedthatthenamehasthesamerootas'wisteria'(fuji)and'rainbow'(niji,butwithanalternativewordfuji),andcamefromits”longwell-shapedslope”.
Variations
Fuji-sanisoftenreferredtoinwesterntextsasFujiyamaor,redundantly,mountFujiyama.innihon-shikiandKunrei-shikiromanization,thenameistransliteratedasHuzi.otherJapanesenamesformountFuji,whichhavebecomeobsoleteorpoetic,includeFuji-no-Yama(ふじの山,themountainofFuji),Fuji-no-Takane(ふじの高嶺,theHighPeakofFuji),Fuyō-hō(芙蓉峰,theLotusPeak),andFugaku(富岳or富嶽,thefirstcharacterof富士,Fuji,and岳,mountain).History
mountFujiisanattractivevolcanicconeandafrequentsubjectofJapaneseart.amongthemostrenownedworksareHokusai's36ViewsofmountFujiandhisoneHundredViewsofmountFuji.ThemountainismentionedinJapaneseliteraturethroughouttheagesandisthesubjectofmanypoems.
itisthoughtthatthefirstascentwasin663byananonymousmonk.ThesummithasbeenthoughtofassacredsinceancienttimesandwasforbiddentowomenuntilthemeijiEra.ancientsamuraiusedthebaseofthemountainasaremotetrainingarea,nearthepresentdaytownofGotemba.TheshogunminamotonoYoritomoheldyabusameintheareaintheearlyKamakuraperiod.
ThefirstascentbyaforeignerwasbySirRutherfordalcockinSeptember1860,fromthefootofthemountaintothetopineighthoursandthreehoursforthedescent.427alcock'sbriefnarrativeinThecapitaloftheTycoonwasthefirstwidelydisseminateddescriptionofthemountaininthewest.421-7LadyFannyParkes,thewifeofBritishambassadorSirHarryParkes,wasthefirstnon-JapanesewomantoascendmountFujiin1867.PhotographerFelixBeatoclimbedmountFujiinthatsameyear.
Today,mountFujiisaninternationaldestinationfortourismandmountain-climbing.intheearly20thcentury,populisteducatorFrederickStarr'schautauqualecturesabouthisseveralascentsofmountFuji—1913,1919,and1923—werewidelyknowninamerica.awell-knownJapanesesayingsuggeststhatanybodywouldbeafoolnottoclimbmountFujionce—butafooltodosotwice.itremainsapopularmemeinJapaneseculture,includingmakingnumerousmovieappearances,inspiringtheinfinitilogo,andevenappearinginmedicinewiththemountFujisign.
inSeptember20XX,themannedweatherstationatthesummitwasclosedafter72yearsinoperation.observersmonitoredradarsweepsthatdetectedtyphoonsandheavyrains.Thestation,whichwasthehighestinJapanat3,780metres(12,400ft),wasreplacedbyafully-automatedmeteorologicalsystem.asof20XX,theJapanSelf-defenseForcesandtheUnited
Statesmarinecorp