《听力教程》2第二版第五单元文本.docx

《听力教程》2第二版第五单元文本.docx

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《听力教程》2第二版第五单元文本

Unit5

SectionOneTacticsforListening

Part1Phonetics-Stress,IntonationandAccent

Peter:

You'vebeentoZanada,haven'tyou?

↘

Peter:

Ohyes,Iremember.Youwentacoupleofyearsago,didn'tyou?

↗

Peter:

Now,let'ssee...It'ser,it'samainlyagriculturalcountry,isn'tit?

"↘

Peter:

Wellyes,Iknow,butthere'snotmuchindustryonceyou'veleftthecoast,isthere?

↗

Peter:

lsee...Mm,sotheNorthwouldbethebestplacetogoto,wouldn'tit?

'↘

Peter:

Yeah.Mindyou,IshouldthinktheSouthisverybeautiful,isn'tit?

'↘

Peter:

（laughs）Yeah.That'sright.Ohandwhatabouttransport?

It'dbebettertohireacar,

wouldn'tit?

↗

Peter:

Really?

That'scheap.Itcoststhatmuchadayhere,doesn'tit?

↘

Peter:

Yeah,wellthat'sfine,Maggie.Thanksalot.Bye.

Exercise:

12345678

AmIright?

√√√

Agreewithme√√√√√

Part2listeningandNote-taking

Reading

Whenshouldachildstartlearningtoreadandwrite?

ThisisoneofthequestionsIammostfrequentlyasked.Thereisnohardandfastrule,fornotwoarealike,anditwouldbewrongtosetatimewhenallshouldstartbeingtaughttheinsandoutsofreadingletterstoformwords.

Ifathree-year-oldwantstoread（orevenatwo-year-oldforthatmatter）,thechilddeservestobegiveneveryencouragement.Thefactthatheorshemightlaterbe"bored"whenjoiningaclassofnon-readersatinfantschoolistheteacher'saffair.Itisuptotheteachertoseethatsuchachildisgivenmoreadvancedreadingmaterial.

Similarly,thechildwhostillcannotreadbythetimehegoestojuniorschoolattheageofsevenshouldbegiveneveryhelpbyteachersandparentsalike.Theyshouldmakecertainthatheisnotdyslexic*.Ifheis,specialisthelpshouldimmediatelybesought.

Althoughparentsshouldbecarefulnottoforceyoungstersagedtwotofivetolearntoread（ifbadlydoneitcouldputthemoffreadingforlife）thereisnoharminpreparingthemforsimplerecognitionoflettersbylabellingvariousitemsintheirroom.Forinstance,byanicepieceofcardboardtiedtotheirbedwithBEDwritteninneat-bigletters.

Shouldtheyoungchildaskhisparentstoteachhimtoread,andiftheparentsarecapableofdoingso,suchanappealshouldnotbeignored.Butthetaskshouldbeundertakengently,withgreatpatienceandasenseofhumour.Readingshouldneverbemadetolooklikeachoreandthechildshouldneverbeforcedtocontinue,shouldhisintereststarttoflag*.

ExerciseA:

1.Thereisnohardandfastrule,fornotwoarealike.

2.Thefactthatheorshemightlaterbe"bored"whenjoiningaclassofnon-readersatinfantschoolistheteacher'saffair.

3.Ifbadlydoneitcouldputthemoffreadingforlife

4.Butthetaskshouldbeundertakengently.

5.Readingshouldneverbemadetolooklikeachore.

ExerciseB:

Itwouldbewrongtosetatimewhenachildshouldstartlearningtoreadandwrite.Parentsshouldencourageyoungstersagedtwotofivetoreadiftheyshowinterestsinit,butneverforcethemtolearntoread.Heorshemightlaterbe"bored"whenjoiningaclassofnon-readersatinfantschool.Thenitisuptheteachertoseethatsuchachildisgivenmoreadvancedreadingmaterial.

Similarly,ifachildcannotreadattheageofseventeachersandparentsshouldmakecertainthatheisnotdyslexic.Ifheis,specialisthelpshouldimmediatelybesought

Parentsshouldnotignoretheyoungchild'sappealtoteachhimtoread.Butthetaskshouldbeundertakengently,withgreatpatienceandasenseofhumourReadingshouldneverbemadetolooklikeachoreandthechildshouldneverbeforcedtocontinue,ifhisinterestsstarttofalg

SectionTwoListeningComprehension

Part1Dialogues

Dialogue1DigitalSound

{Music}

MIKE:

Wow!

Nice.CDshavesuchgoodsound.DoyoueverwonderhowtheymakeCDs?

KATHY:

Well,theygetabunchofmusicianstogether,andtheysingandplay.

MIKE:

Comeon.YouknowwhatImean.Whyisthesoundqualitysogood?

Imean,whydoCDssoundsomuchclearerthancassettetapes?

KATHY:

Actually,Idoknowthat.

MIKE:

Really'?

KATHY:

It'sallbasedondigitalsound.CDsaredigital.Digitalsoundislikeseveralphotos,alltakenoneafteranother.It'skindoflikepicturesofsound.Theintensityofthesound–howstrongitis--ismeasuredveryquickly.Thenit'smeasuredagainandagain.Whenwehearthesound,itallsoundslikeonelongpieceofsound,butit'sreallylotsofpiecesclosetogether.Andeachpieceisreallyclear.

M1KE:

Sodigitalislikelotsofshort"pieces"ofsound.

KATHY.Exactly.Thisisdifferentfromanalog*--that'showtheyusedtorecord.Analogismorelikeonewaveofsound.Itmovesupanddownwithvolumeandpitch.Anyway,analogislikeasinglewave.Digitalislikeaseriesofpieces.

MIKE:

OK,Iunderstandthat.ButhowdotheymaketheCDs?

KATHY:

Itoldyou,Mike.Theygetabunchofmusicianstogether,andtheysingandplay.

MIKE:

Kathy!

KATHY:

No.Whatreallyhappensisfirsttheydoadigitalrecording--onvideotape.

MIKE:

Onvideotape.

KATHY:

Yeah,theyusevideotape.Sothenthevideotapeisplayedthroughacomputer.

MIKE:

OK.Whatdoesthecomputerdo?

KATHY:

Well,thecomputerisusedtofigureoutthe"pieces"ofsoundweweretalkingabout;howlongeverythingis,howfarapartspacesare.

MIKE:

OK.Sothecomputerisfiguringoutthoseseparate"pieces"ofsound.

KATHY:

Yeah.Theyneedtodothattomakethemaster.

MIKE:

Themaster?

KATHY:

ThemasteristheoriginalthatalltheotherCDsarecopiedfrom.It'smadeofglass.It'saglassdiskthatspinsaround--justlikearegularCD.Andtheglassdiskiscoveredwithachemical.Theyusealasertobumthesignal,orthesong,intotheglassplate.Thelaserburnsthroughthechemical,butnotthroughtheglass.

MIKE:

Sothelasercutsthesoundintotheplate.

KATHY:

Right.Whatit'sdoingiscuttinglittleholes.intothebackofthedisk.

Thoseholesarecalled"pits."Thelaserputsinthepits.

MIKE:

SoCDsreallyhavelittleholesontheback?

Ididn'tknowthat.

KATHY:

Yeah.Tinypits.They'retoosmalltosee.[Pause.]Anyway,thenthey'vegotthemaster,andtheymakecopiesfromit.ThenyoubuyyourcopyandputitintheCDplayer.

MIKE:

PutitintheCDplayer...ThatpartIunderstand.

KATHY:

There'sanotherlaserinyourCDplayer.ThelightofthelaserreflectsofftheCD.ThesmoothpartoftheCDreflectsstraightback,likeamirror.Butthelightthatbouncesoffthepitsisscattered.Anyway,thecomputerinyourCDplayerreadsthelightthatbouncesoffthepits.Andyougetthemusic.

MIKE:

Reflectedlight,huh?

...Uh...youknewwhatIlike?

Justrelaxing,listeningtomusic,andnotreallyworryingabouthowitgetsonthedisk.

KATHY:

Youwantmetoexplainitagain?

「Music」

A:

Quality

Recordingtechnique

Digitalsound

Muchclearer

Digitalsoundislikeseveralphotosalltakenoneafteranother.It'sKindoflikepicturesofsound,Digitalislikeaseriesofpieces.

Analogicalsound

Aanlogismorelikeonewaveofsound.Itmovesupanddownwithvolumeandpitch.Analogislikeasinglewave

B:

I.ThemakingoftheCDs

A.Recording

a.Theygetabunchofmusicianstogether,singingandplaying.

b.Firsttheydoadigitalrecording--onvideotape.

c.Thenthevideotapeisplayedthroughacomputer.

d.Thecomputerfiguresoutthoseseparate"pieces"ofsoundtomakethemaster.

B.Themakingofthemaster

a.ThemasteristheoriginalthatalltheotherCDsarecopiedfrom.

b.It'smadeofglass,coveredwithachemical.

c.Theyuselasertoburnthesignal,orthesong,intotheglassplate.Thelaserbumsthroughthechemical,butnotthroughtheglass.

d.Itcutslittleholesintothebackofthedisk.Thoseholesarecalled"pits."

e.Theymakecopiesfromit.

II.Playingback

A.YoubuythecopyandputitintheCDplayer.

B.ThelightofthelaserreflectsofftheCD.

a.ThesmoothpartoftheCDreflectsstraightback,likeamirror.

b.Butthelightthatbouncesoffthepitsisscattered.

c.ThecomputerinyourCDplayerreadsthelightthatbouncesoffthepits.

d.Yougetthemusic.

Dialogue2 LostinTranslation

Exercise:

Detergent:

Descriptionofthead:

Intheadtherewasapileofdirtyclothesontheleft,aboxofthelaundrysoapinthemiddle,andapileofcleanclothesontheright...

Message:

Thisdetergentwouldmakereallydirtyclothesclean.

Mistake:

 IntheMiddleEast,theyshouldhavechangedtheorderofthepictures

Shirt:

Message:

 WhenIwrotethisshirt,Ifeltgood.

Mistake:

Theymadeatranslationmistake,whichchangedthemeaninginto“untilIworethisshirt,Ifeltgood”

Gas:

Mistake:

 TheyadvertisedusingtheirAmericanname.Unfortunately,itisashortwayofsaying“EngineStop”inJapanese

Part2Passage

Toothbrush

Brushingourteeth—suchacommonplaceactivitytoday,hasbeenaroundforalongtime.Imagine:

theancientEgyptianswerealreadyconcernedabouttheirdentalhygiene!

Weknowthistodaybecausetheyalsohadthegoodhabitofbeingentombed*withalltheirtreasures...Sowewereabletodiscoverthattombsfrom3,000yearsbeforeChristcontainedsmalltreebrancheswhoseendshadbeenfrayed*intosoftfibers.It'scomicaltoimagineanEgyptianstoppingtobrushhisteethafterameal,onhisbreakfrombuildingapyramid!

Thetrueancestorofourtoothbrush,however,wasinventedbytheChineseinthe15thcenturyandbroughtbacktoEuropebytravellers.ThistoothbrushwasmadeofhairsfromtheneckofaSiberianwildboarwhichwerefixedtoabambooorbonehandle.ThepeopleoftheOccident*,however,foundthewildboarhairstoostiff.Atthetime,veryf