高考英语备考之阅读理解压轴突破训练培优 易错 难题篇附答案Word文件下载.docx
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shistoryorfamousplaces.Theyareinorder,theGreatSealoftheUnitedStates,thesigningofDeclarationofIndependenceandtheLincolnMemorial.TheothersaretheTreasuryBuilding,theWhiteHouse,theCapitolBuildingandindependenceHall.
（1）ThedesignofthebillsshowsthatAmericansvaluestheirpeople'
s__________.
A.
talentsinmanyways
B.
successintheircareers
C.
inventionsinnewfields
D.
contributionstothecountry
（2）Forhundredsofyears,thosehistoricmenonthebillsfoughtforthenation'
s____________.
economyandpower
independenceanddemocracy
wealthandsuccess
faithandglory
（3）Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?
MenontheMoney
theDesignofUSBills
HistoryontheMoney
theStoryofUSBills
【答案】
（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了各种面值的美元纸币上伟大人物，以及他们对国家所做出的贡献。
（1）考查推理判断。
文章在描述每一种面值的纸币上的人物时，都着重描写他们对国家的作用与影响，GeorgeWashington是第一任总统，ThomasJefferson独立宣言的主要起草者，AbrahamLincoln结束内战，废除奴隶制，AlexanderHamilton第一个财政部长和开国元勋之一，AndrewJackson支持大众民主和个人自由，BenjaminFranklin开国元勋之一，从而可判断美国人民看重的是伟人对这个国家做出的贡献。
故选D。
（2）考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的“PresidentWashingtonhasbeencalledthe‘Fatherofhiscountry.’"
；
第二段中的“Jeffersonwasoneofthemostinfluentialofthenation'
sFoundingFathers.”及下文对美元上其他人物的介绍可知，文章中提到的这些历史上著名的人物，无论是独立战争，美国内战，还是独立宣言的起草与签署都反映出他们为争取国家的独立与民主所做出的努力与牺牲。
故选B。
（3）考查主旨大意。
根据第一段中的“ThepictureofGeorgeWashingtonisontheone-dollarbill.第二段中的ThethirdpresidentoftheUnitedStates,ThomasJefferson,isonthetwo-dollarbill.”及下文各段的段首句可知，本文主要描述了各种面值的美元纸币上伟大人物，以及他们对国家所做出的贡献。
故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
Doyouhaveatalentedyoungartist,photographer,ordesignerinyourlife?
It'
snevertooearlytostarthelpingthemgettheirworkoutthere!
We'
veroundedupthetopartcompetitionsforkidsandteensthatcanhelptheseyoungcreatorssharetheirfirstmasterpiecewiththeworld.Mostofthemaretotallyfreetoenter!
GlobalCanvasChildren'
sArtCompetition
Ages:
16andunderMediums:
drawing,painting
OrganizedbytheDavidShepherdWildlifeFoundation,thisartcompetitionwantstoinspirethenextgenerationtobemoremindfulofhowwetakecareoftheearth.Thejudgesarelookingforartiststodiscoverthewonderfulplacesthatwildlifecallshome.
ToyotaDreamCarArtContest
15andunderMediums:
Timetodesignadreamcar!
Toyotawantstogetjuniorartiststhinkingaboutwhatthefutureoftransportationmightlooklike.PrizesincludeachancetotouroneoftheToyotacarplantsandexperiencevariousaspectsofJapaneseculture.
AdvenaWorldChildren'
drawing,painting,photosandotheroriginalartworks
Thecompetitionaimstopromotecreativityandself-expression.Insteadofatheme,itaskstheparticipatingartiststosimplyexpresstheirfeelings—anythingfromsadnessorjoytoangerorexcitement—throughtheirchosenmedium.
ProgressiveYoungArtistsAwards
Opento:
highschoolandcollegestudentsMediums:
drawing,painting,photograph,mixedmedia,sculpture
PYAAisallaboutexpressingandcelebratingprogressivevalues.So,ifthereisacreativeteeninyourlifewhowantstodogoodintheworld,signhimorherupforthisartcompetition.Theprizeisascholarshipthatwinnerscanputforwardstheirpost-secondaryschooling.
（1）Whichofthefollowingfavorstheenvironment?
sArtCompetition.
sArtCompetition.
ToyotaDreamCarArtContest.
ProgressiveYoungArtistsAwards.
（2）WhatprizecanthewinnergetatToyotaDreamCarArtContest?
Adreamcar.
Ascholarship.
Atourofafactory.
Anamountofcash.
（3）WhatisspecialaboutAdvenaWorldChildren'
sArtCompetition?
Ithasnofixedtheme.
Ithasanentrancefee.
Theprizeisascholarship.
Itsparticipantsaretheyoungest.
【答案】
（1）B
（2）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了有助于孩子展示艺术才华的四大比赛。
（1）考查细节理解。
根据GlobalCanvasChildren'
sArtCompetition部分中的“thisartcompetitionwantstoinspirethenextgenerationtobemoremindfulofhowwetakecareoftheearth.”可知，它的目的就是使下一代更加关注如何呵护地球环境。
（2）考查细节理解。
根据ToyotaDreamCarArtContest部分中的“PrizesincludeachancetotouroneoftheToyotacarplantsandexperiencevariousaspectsofJapaneseculture.”可知，奖励包括游览丰田汽车工厂。
故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。
纵观全文并进行细致比较可知GlobalCanvasChildren'
sArtCompetition关注的是地球环境；
ToyotaDreamCarArtContest则着眼与未来的交通；
ProgressiveYoungArtistsAwards围绕的是未来的价值观；
唯有AdvenaWorldChildren'
sArtCompetition没有设置主题，这可以从Insteadofatheme,itaskstheparticipatingartiststosimplyexpresstheirfeelings—anythingfromsadnessorjoytoangerorexcitement得知本比赛没有主题，只是让参加者表达他们的想法。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
AfewyearsbackIworkedinauniversitybuildingthatalsohousedadepartmentfullofpsychologists,allofwhomseemedtoseeusasperfectguineapigs（豚鼠）fortheirlatesttheories.Ifaneagergraduatestudentshowedupinmyofficebearingdessertsandaskedmetopickone,I'
dcastacarefulglanceandask"
Why?
"
beforegrabbingtheapplepie.
Sooneday,whensomeonefromthePsychologyDepartmentpostedinstructionsinthebathroompersuadingallofusto"
Thinkaboutfivethingsforwhichyou'
regratefuleverydayforaweek!
myresponsewasfranklydoubtful.Ididthemath.Fivethingsadayforsevendaysisalotofbrainpowertoexpendwithoutsomuchasthepromiseofanapplepie.
IwanderedintotheofficeofHeidiZetzer,thedirectorofourschool'
sPsychologicalServicesClinic."
What'
swiththegratitudething?
Iasked.Youdon'
taskanacademicquestion－evenasimpleoneunlessyou'
repreparedforalonganswer.Heidicamealive,andIsatdown.That'
swhenIfirstheardtheterm"
positivepsychology"
.Thegratitudething,asIhadcalledit,wasbutonesmallandsimpleelementofthepractice."
Kindofliketrainingthebraintofocusonjoy,"
myfriendHeidiexplained."
It'
sonlyaweek,"
sheurged."
Tryit."
Idid.Andguesswhat?
Itworked.
Everydayforaweek,IfoundfivedistinctthingsforwhichIwasthankful.Theyhadtobedifferenteveryday.Icouldn'
tgetawaywithjustbeinggratefulformywonderfulhusband.ButIcould,suggestedCollieConoley,anotherpositivepsychologist,expressmygratitudeforspecificaspectsofacertainpersoneachday.He'
sagreatcook.Healwaysputsourfamilyfirst.
Lifewillneverbeperfect.Istillseenewstoriesthatannoyme.Thetrafficinmycityismaddening.IwishIcouldspeedupmyrecovery.Butwithjustonesimpleexercise,I'
mrediscoveringthepeaceofthatoldsaying:
acceptingthethingsIcan'
tchange,workingwithoutcomplainttochangewhatIcan,andbeingwiseenoughtoknowthedifference.
Andallittookwasalittlegratitude.
（1）What'
stheauthor'
sattitudetowardthestudentwithdesserts?
Cautious.
Respectful.
Indifferent.
Supportive.
（2）Whywastheauthordoubtfulabouttheinstructions?
Becauseshethoughtitwasn'
tworththeeffort.
Becauseshedidn'
tlikeexpressingthanksoften.
Becausesheneededtoaskherfriendtodoitfirst.
Becauseshecoulddofivethingseverydayeasily.
（3）WhatdoesCollieConoleysuggesttheauthorshoulddo?
Begratefultoherwonderfulhusband.
Bethankfulforthingsbutnotpeople.
Beagreatcookandputherfamilyfirst.
Bespecificaboutwhatshe'
sthankfulfor.
（4）What'
st
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