届高三英语上学期第一次月考试题1Word下载.docx

届高三英语上学期第一次月考试题1Word下载.docx

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A

TheOriginsofFamousBrands

Ourlivesarefullofbrandnamesandtrademarkedproductsthatweuseeveryday.Althoughmanybrandnamesaresimpleacronyms（首字母缩略词）orversionsoftheirfoundersnames,someofthecompanieswetrusteverydayactuallyhavefascinatingandsurprisingbackstories.

Starbucks

Itseemsfittingthatthemostfamouscoffeebrandintheworldwouldtakeitsnamefromoneoftheworld’sgreatestworksofliterature.TheinspirationforthenameofthecoffeehousecamefromHermanMelville’sMobyDick.Thefounders’originalideawastonamethecompanyaftertheCaptainAhab’sship,buttheyeventuallydecidedthatPequotwasn’tagreatnameforcoffee,sotheychoseAhab’sfirstmate,Starbucks,asthenameinstead.

Google

GooglewasoriginallycalledBackrub,foritsearchedforlinksineverycorneroftheWeb.In1997,whenthefoundersofthecompanyweresearchingforanewnameshowingahugeamountofdatafortheirrapidlyimprovingsearchtechnology,afriendsuggestedtheword“googol”.Whenafriendtriedtoregisterthenewdomain（域）name,hemisspelled“googol”as“google”.

Nike

OriginallyfoundedasadistributorforJapaneserunningshoes,thecompanywasoriginallynamedBRS,orBlueRibbonSports.In1971,BRSintroduceditsownsoccershoe,amodelcalledNike,whichisalsothenamefortheGreekgoddessofvictory.In1978,thecompanyofficiallyrenameditselfasNike,Inc.

Therightnameisessentialtoacompany’ssuccess,andagreatoriginstoryisjustasimportantasagreatproduct.Anattractiveoriginstoryisonemorethingthatkeepscustomersguessing,wondering,andbuyingitsproducts.

1.WhatisthenameoftheCaptainAhab’sship?

A.MobyDickB.StarbucksC.PequotD.HermanMelville

2.WhydidthefoundersoftheGooglewanttochangeitsname?

A.Theymistooktheirname.

B.Theywantednewcustomers.

C.Thecompany’soriginalnamewastoolong.

D.Thecompany’ssearchtechnologywasimprovingrapidly.

3.Wheredoestheimportanceoftheoriginstoryofonecompanyliein?

A.Itcanchangethecompany’simage.

B.Itcanaddmythtothecompany.

C.Itexplainsthedevelopmentofthecompanytocustomers.

D.Itmakescustomersimagineandpurchaseitsgoods.

B

Icanstillrememberitasifithappenedyesterday.Iwasacollegefreshmanandhadstayedupmostofthenightbeforelaughingandtalkingwithfriends.Nowjustbeforemyfirstclassofthedaymyeyelids（眼皮）werefeelingheavierandheavierandmyheadwasdriftingdowntomydesktomakemytextbookapillow.Afewminutes’naptimebeforeclasscouldn’thurt,Ithought.

Boom!

Iliftedmyheadimmediatelyandmyeyesopenedwiderthansaucers.Ilookedaroundwithmyheartbeatingquicklytryingtofindthecauseofthenoise.Myyoungprofessorwaslookingbackatmewithamischievous,boyishsmileonhisface.Hehadintentionallydroppedthepileoftextbookshewascarryingontothedesk.“Goodmorning!

”hesaid,stillsmiling.“I’mgladtoseeeveryoneisawake.Nowlet’sgetstarted.”

ForthenexthourIwasn'

tsleepyatall.Itwasn’tfromtheshockofmyprofessor’stextbookalarmclockeither.Instead,itwasfromtheattractivediscussionheled.Withknowledgeandgoodhumor,hemadethematerialcomealive.Hislecturingwasfullofbothwisdomandkindness.Andtheenthusiasmandjoythathetaughtwithwerecontagious（有感染力的）.Ilefttheclassroomnotonlywideawake,butalittlesmarterandalittlebetteraswell.

Ilearnedsomethingfarmoreimportantthannotsleepinginclassthatdaytoo.WhatI’velearnedisthatifyouaregoingtodosomethinginthislife,doitwell,doitwithjoy,andmakeitanexpressionofyourlove.Whatagloriousplacethisworldwouldbeifallofusdidourjobjoyouslyandwell!

Whatabeautifulworldwecouldcreateifeverydoctor,teacher,musician,cook,waitress,poet,miner,farmer,andlaborermadetheirworkanexpressionoftheirlove!

Don’tsleepwalkyourwaythroughlifethen.Wakeup!

Letyourlovefillyourworkandyoursoul.Lifeistooshorttoliveitbadly.

4.Whatdidtheauthorwanttodojustbeforehisfirstclassoftheday?

A.Talkwithhisfriends.B.Takeashortsleep.

C.Gethiseyesexamined.D.Stayawayfromtheclass.

5.Theunderlinedword“mischievous”inParagraph2probablymeans“”.

AnaughtyB.seriousC.sensitiveD.dishonest

6.Whatelsedidtheauthorlearnthatday?

A.Studentsshouldnotsleepinclassbutrespecttheirteachers。

B.Everyoneshouldlovehisjobandsleepwalkhiswaythroughlife.

C.Lifeistoolimitedtomakeyourworkanexpressionofyourlove.

D.Peoplefromallwalksoflifeshoulddotheirjobwithwisdomandlove.

7.Whatcanbeinferredfromthispassage?

A.Theprofessoroftenkepthisstudentssharpbyusingatextbookalarm.

B.Theauthorwasattractedbytheprofessor’sgreatwisdomandenthusiasm.

C.Theauthorleftthetwo-hourperiodnotonlywideawake,butalittlesmarter.

D.Thoughtheauthorwasfrightenedawake,hewasnotclear-headedintheclass.

C

Itisafamiliarscenethesedays:

employeestakingnewlylaid-offco-workersoutforadrinkforcomfort.Butwhichsidedeservessympathymore,thejoblessorthestillemployed?

OnMarch6,researchersataconferenceattheUniversityofCambridgesuggesteditwasthelatter.

BrendanBurchell,aCambridgesociologist,presentedhisanalysisbasedonvarioussurveysconductedacrossEurope.Thedatasuggestthatemployedpeoplewhofeelinsecureintheirjobsshowsimilarlevelsofanxietyanddepressionasthosewhoareunemployed.Althoughanewlyjoblessperson’smentalhealthmay“bottomout”afteraboutsixmonths,andthenmayevenbegintoimprove,thementalstateofpeoplewhoarecontinuouslyworriedaboutlosingtheirownjob“justcontinuestogetworseandworse”,Burchellsays.

Psychologistssupportthistheorybyarguingthathumanbeingsfeelmorestressedduringtimesofinsecuritybecausetheysenseanimmediatebutinvisiblethreat.Patientshavebeenknowntoexperiencehigherlevelsofanxiety,forexample,whilewaitingforexaminationresultsthanknowingwhattheyaresufferingfrom—eveniftheresultsarecancer.It’sbettertogetthebadnewsandstartdoingsomethingaboutitratherthanwaitwithanxiety.Whentheuncertaintycontinues,peoplestayinanonstop“fightorflight”response,whichleadstodamagingstress.

Butnoteveryemployeeininsecureindustrieshassuchadiscouragingview,Burchellsays.Ingeneral,womengetonbetter.Whilereportinghigherlevelsofanxietythanmenwhendirectlyquestioned,womenscorelowerinstressontheGHQ12,evenwhentheyhaveajobtheyfeelinsecureaboutlosing.AsBurchellexplains,“Forwomen,moststudiesshowthatanyjob—itdoesn’tmatterwhetheritissecureorinsecure—givespsychologicalimprovementoverunemployment.”Hesupposesthatthedifferenceinmenisthattheytendtofeelpressurenotonlytobeemployed,butalsotobetheprimarybreadwinners,andthatmoreofaman’sself-worthdependsonhisjob.

8.Whydoresearchersthinkthestillemployeddeservesympathymore?

A.Theyhavetodomoreworksincethen.

B.Theyhavenochancetofindbetterjobs.

C.Theyhavetoworkwithinexperiencedworkers.

D.Theyconstantlyworryaboutlosingtheirjobs.

9.Whatismostlikelytocausea“fightorflight”response?

A.Nothavingapaidjob.B.Fiercecompetitionforjobs.

C.Notknowingwhatwillhappen.D.Pressuretoworklongerhours.

10.Whatwillthewritertalkaboutfollowingthelastparagraph?

A.Adviceonpreparingforajobinterview.

B.Adviceonhandlingpressurefrominsecureindustries.

C.Someknowledgeofpsychology.

D.Differenceinmenandwomen.

11.Whatisthetopicfocusedonbytheauthorofthepassage?

A.Isitlessstressfultogetlaidoffthanstayon?

B.Shouldgreatersympathybegiventothejobless?

C.Doemployeesbearmorestressthaneverbefore?

D.Domenorwomenshowhigherlevelsofanxiety?

D

Everyhumanbeing,nomatterwhatheisdoing,givesoffbodyheat.Theusualproblemishowtogetridofit.ButthedesignersoftheJohnstowncampus（校园）oftheUniversityofPitsburgh（commonlyreferredtoasPitt）setthemselvestheoppositeproblem—howtocollectbodyheat.Theyhavedesignedacollectionsystemwhichusesnotonlybodyheat,buttheheatgivenoffbysuchobjectsaslightbulbsandrefrigeratorsaswell.Thesystemworkssowellthatnofuelisneededtomakethecampus’ssixbuildingscomfortable.

Somepartsofmostmodernbuildings—theatersandofficesaswellasclassrooms,aremoresufficientlyheatedbypeopleandlightsandsometimesmustbeair-conditionedeveninwinter.Thetechniqueofsavingheatandredistributing（重新分配）iscalled“heatrecovery”.Afewmodernbuildingsrecoverheat,butthecampus’ssystemisthefirsttorecoverheatfrombuildingsandreuseitinothers.

Alongtheway,Pitthaslearnedagreatdealaboutsomeofitsproducers.Theharderastudentstudies,themoreheathisbodygivesoff.Malestudentssendoutmoreheatthanfemalestudents,andthelargerastudentis,themoreheatheproduces.

WemayconcludethatthehottestprospectfortheJohnstowncampuswouldbeahard-workingoverweightmalegenius.

12.TheheatintheheatingsystemoftheJohnstowncampusissupplied.

A.byhumanbodies

B.bybothhumanbodiesandotherheat-givingobjects

C.bybothhumanbodiesandcommonly-usedfuels

D.byhumanbodies,commonly-usedfuelsandotherheat-givingobjects

13.Accordingtothepassage,thetechniqueof“heatrecovery”