英语六级听力原文Word文件下载.docx
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Anyotherinterestinginformationinthesurvey
Yes.Forexample,25%oftheworkingpeopleintervieweddescribedthemselvesas'
veryhappy'
atwork.However,20%ofemployeesdescribedthemselvesasbeingunhappy.
That’squitealotofunhappypeopleatworkeveryday.
Itis,isn’titAndtherewereseveralmoreinterestingconclusionsrevealedbythesurvey.Firstofall,smallisbeautiful:
peopledefinitelypreferworkingforsmallerorganizationsorcompanieswithlessthan100staff.Wealsofindoutthat,generallyspeaking,womenwerehappierintheirworkthanmen.
Yes,weare,aren’twe
Andworkersonpart-timecontracts,whoonlywork4or5hoursaday,arehappierthanthosewhoworkfull-time.Theresearchersconcludedthatthisisprobablyduetoabetterwork-lifebalance.
Arebosseshappierthantheiremployees
Yes,perhapsnotsurprisingly,thehigherpeoplegoinacompany,thehappiertheyare.Soseniormanagersenjoytheirjobsmorethanpeopleworkingunderthem.
Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
Q1:
Whatisthefactorthatmadeemployeeshappyaccordingtothesurvey
Q2:
Whatisthepercentageofthepeoplesurveyedwhofeltunhappyatwork
Q3:
Whatkindofcompaniesarepopularwithemployees
Q4:
Whatisthepossiblereasonforpeopleonpart-timecontractstobehappier
Mr.DeKeyzer,I'
magreatloverofyourbookMomentsBeforetheFlood.Canyoutellushowyoufirstbecameinterestedinthissubjectmatter
In2006,whentheconcerthallofthecityofBrugesaskedmetotakesomepicturesforacatalogueforanewconcertseasonaroundthethemeofwater,IfoundmyselfworkingalongtheBelgiancoastline.Astherehadbeennumerousalarmingarticlesinthepressaboutaclimatecatastrophewaitingtohappen,Istartedlookingattheseaandthebeachverydifferently,aplacewhereIspentsomanyperfectdaysasachild.Thisfearofaloomingdangerbecamethesubjectofalarge-scalephotoproject.
Youwroteinthebook:
"
Idon’twanttophotographthedisaster,Iwanttophotographthedisasterwaitingtohappen.”Canyoutalkabitaboutthat
ItisclearnowthatitisamatteroftimebeforetheentireEuropeancoastlinedisappearsunderwater.Thesamegoesfornumerousbigcitiesaroundtheworld.Myideawastophotographthisbeautifulandveryuniquecoastline,richinhistory,beforeit’stoolate—asalastwitness.
Canyoutalkabitabouthowhistoryplaysaroleinthisproject
Sure.TheprojectisalsoaboutthehistoryofEuropelookingattheseaandwonderingwhenthenextenemywouldappear.Intheimages,youseeallkindsofpossibledefenseconstructionstoholdbacktheRomans,Germans,Vikings,andnownatureasenemynumberone.Forexample,thereistheimageofthebridgeintotheseatakenattheNormandyD-Daylandingsite.Also,Venice,thecityeternallythreatenedbythesea,whereeverymorningwoodenpathwayshavetobesetuptoallowtouriststoreachtheirhotels.
Thankyou,Mr.DeKeyzer.Itwasapleasuretohaveyouwithustoday.
Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
Q5.WhatdoesthemansayaboutthebookMomentsBeforetheFlood
Q6.Whendidthemangethisideaforthework
Q7.Whatwillhappenwhentheclimatecatastropheoccurs
Q8.WhatdoesthemansayaboutVenice
SectionB
Passage1
Whenfacinganewsituation,somepeopletendtorehearsetheirdefeatbyspendingtoomuchtimeanticipatingtheworst.Iremembertalkingwithayounglawyerwhowasabouttobeginherfirstjurytrial.Shewasverynervous.Iaskedwhatimpressionshewantedtomakeonthejury.Shereplied:
”Idon’twanttolooktooinexperienced,Idon’twantthemtosuspectthisismyfirsttrial.”Thislawyerhadfallenvictimstothedon’tssyndrome—aformofnegativegoalssetting.Thedon’tscanbeself-fulfillingbecauseyourmindresponsetopictures.
ResearchconductedatStanfordUniversityshowsamentalimagefiresthenervesystemthesamewayasactuallydoingsomething.Thatmeanswhenagolfertellshimself:
”Don’thittheballintothewater.”Hismindseestheimageoftheballflyingintothewater.Soguesswheretheballwillgo
Consequently,beforegoingintoanystressfulsituation,focusonlyonwhatyouwanttohavehappen.Iaskedthelawyeragainhowshewantedtoappearatherfirsttrial.Andthistimeshesaid:
”Iwanttolookprofessionalandself-assured.”Itoldhertocreateapictureofwhatself-assuredwouldlooklike.Toher,itmeantmovingconfidentlyaroundthecourtroom,usingconvincingbodylanguageandprojectinghervoice,soitcouldbeheardfromthejudge’sbenchtothebackdoor.Shealsoimaginedaskillfulclosingargumentandawinningtrial.Afewweeksafterthispositivestress(不确定)rehearsal,theyounglawyerdidwin.
Questions9to12arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
Q9:
whatdosomepeopledowhentheyfaceanewsituation
Q10:
whatdoestheresearchconductedatStanfordUniversityshow
Q11:
whatadvicedoesthespeakergivetopeopleinastressfulsituation
Q12:
whatdowelearnaboutthelawyerinthecourt
Passage2
MostAmericansdon’teatenoughfruits,vegetablesorwholegrains,researchersnowsaysaddingfibertoteendietmayhelplowertheriskofbreastcancer.
Conversationsaboutthebenefitsoffiberareprobablymorecommoninnursinghomesthanhighschools.Butalongcomesanewstudythatcouldchangethat.KristiKing,adietspecialistatTexasChildren'
sHospitalfindsit'
shardtogetteenagerpatients’attentionabouthealthyeatingbuttellingthemthateatinglotsofhigh-fiberfoodscouldreducetheriskofbreastcancerbeforemiddleage.That'
sapowerfulmessage.
Thenewfindingisbasedonastudyof44,000women.Theyweresurveyedabouttheirdietsduringhighschool,andtheireatinghabitsweretrackedfortwodecades.Itturnsoutthatthosewhoconsumedthehighestlevelsoffiberduringadolescencehadalowerriskofdevelopingbreastcancer,comparedtothewomenwhoatetheleastfiber.Thisimportantstudydemonstratesthatthemorefiberyoueatduringyourhighschoolyears,theloweryourriskisindevelopingbreastcancerinlaterlife.
Thefindingpointstolong-standingevidencethatfibermayreducecirculatingfemalehormonelevels,whichcouldexplainthereducedrisk.Thebottomlinehereisthemorefiberyoueat,perhaps,alowerlevelofhormoneinyourbody,andtherefore,alowerlifetimeriskofdevelopingbreastcancer.High-fiberdietsarealsolinkedtoareducedriskofheartdiseaseanddiabetes.That'
swhywomenaretoldtoeat25gramsafiberaday-menevenmore.
Questions13to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
Q13.Whatdoesthenewstudytellaboutaddingfibertotheteendiet
Q14.Whatdowelearnaboutthesurveyofthe44,000women
Q15.Whatexplanationdoesthespeakerofferfortheresearchfinding
Wellmycurrentresearchisreallyaboutconsumerbehavior.SorecentlyI'
velookedatyoungpeople'
sdrinkingandit'
sobviouslyamajorconcerntoGovernmentatthemoment.
I'
vealsolookedathowolderpeoplearerepresentedinthemedia;
again,it'
sofmajorcurrentinterestwitholderpeoplebecomingamuchlargerproportionofUKandindeedworldsociety.
malsointerestedinhowconsumersoperateonline,andhowthatonlinebehaviormightbedifferentfromhowtheyoperateofflinewhentheygototheshops.
Well,Ithinkthattheimportantthinghereistoactuallyunderstandwhat'
shappeningfromtheconsumer'
sperspective.OneofthethingsthatbusinessesandindeedGovernmentorganizationsoftenfailtodoistoreallyseewhatishappeningfromtheconsumer'
sperspective.
Forexample,inthecaseofyoungpeople'
sdrinking,oneofthethingsthatI'
veidentifiedisthatdrinkingforpeoplesaybetweentheagesof18and24isallaboutthesocialactivity.
AlotoftheGovernmentadvertisinghasbeenaboutindividualresponsibility,butactuallyunderstandingthatdrinkingisverymuchaboutthesocialactivityandfindingwaystohelpyoungpeoplegethomesafelyandnotendupinhospitalisoneofthethingsthatwe'
vetriedtopresentthere.
Thekeythingaboutconsumerbehavioristhatit'
sverymuchabouthowconsumerschange.Marketsalwayschangefasterthanmarketing;
sowehavetolookatwhatconsumersaredoing.
CurrentlyIteachconsumerbehaviortoundergraduatesintheirsecondyearandwelookatallkindsofthingsinconsumerbehaviorandparticularlyhowconsumersarepresentedinadvertising.
Sotheygetinvolvedbylookingatadvertisingandreallycriticallyassessingtheconsumerbehavioraspectsofitandgettinginvolvedsometimesdoingprimaryresearch.
Forexample,lastyearmystudentsspentaweeklookingattheirownpurchasingandanalyzeditindetailfromsh