高考英语阅读理解社会文化技巧和方法完整版及练习题Word下载.docx

高考英语阅读理解社会文化技巧和方法完整版及练习题Word下载.docx

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A. 

Theywerebuiltasabigmap. 

B. 

Theywereformedbynature.

C. 

Theyareancientlinesincaves. 

D. 

Theyarehugemarkingsinadesert

（2）HowmanyfactorsmaketheNazcaLinesthemostimpressive?

One. 

Two. 

Three. 

Four.

（3）WhyaretheNazcaLineswellpreserved?

Becauseofthewindatgroundlevel. 

Becauseoftheexistenceofsoftsoil.

Becauseoftheclimateandgeography. 

Becauseofthethicksandonthetop.

（4）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eternal”probablymean?

Non-stop. 

Ever-lasting. 

Real-life. 

High-end.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）D

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了出现在秘鲁南部Nazca沙漠的大型古代地画TheNazcaLines，其神奇之处及形成原因。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“TheNazcaLinesareaseriesoflargeancientgeoglyphs（地画）intheNazcaDesert,insouthernPeru.”及对TheNazcaLines图案和发现过程的具体介绍，可知theNazcaLines是出现在秘鲁南部Nazca沙漠的大型古代地画，故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Whobuiltthemandwhatwastheirpurpose?

”四方面使人迷惑的问题，可知这四个因素使theNazcaLines更独特更使人们难忘，故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“TheNazcaplainisuniqueforitsabilitytopreservethemarkingsuponit,duetothecombinationoftheclimateandtheflat,stonygroundwhichminimizestheeffectofthewindatgroundlevel.”可知因为这里干燥少雨的气候和平坦多石的地形使地画能很好的被保留，故选C。

（4）考查词义猜测。

最后一句指这些因素，加上沙漠表面下浅色地下土壤的存在，给那些想要永久留下印记的艺术家提供了一个巨大的书写板。

“eternal”永恒的，和Ever-lasting同义，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和词义猜测三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并进一步根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

Theyear3700,Earthisfartoohotforanyhumantocallithome.Onthisplanetatleast,manisnothingmorethanamemory--ifthereisanythinglefttorememberthe"

wiseman"

.Butwhataboutourwisdom--willanyofitsurviveus?

Theconventionalanswerisno.Knowledgerequiresaknower,andtherewillbenoknowingmindsaroundthen.Butifinformationsurvives,perhapsinbooksorharddrives,maybetheknowledgeisn'

tquitedeadbutdormant（休眠）,readytobecomealivewiththehelpofothermindsthatdevelopovertimeorcometovisitEarthinthedistantfuture.

Atfirstsight,thatseemstobereasonable:

afterall,wehavedonesimilarthingswithpastknowledge.Forexample,wesavedanancientcomputerfromashipdestroyedatseaoffthesoutherncoastofGreece,andsucceededinfindingthemeaningofEgyptianhieroglyphics（象形文字）.Carefulworkcanbringpreviouslylostwisdombacktolife.

However,thekeypointisthatthereisacertainculturalcontinuitywiththoseancienttimesthatallowsustoreasonandmakeprogressinthedark:

weknowwearedealingwiththelegacy（遗产）ofotherhumans.Withoutthatlink,thesurvivalofobjectsandrawdatadoesn'

tguaranteethesurvivalofknowledge.Andalackofcontinuityinlanguagewithanyfutureintelligencewouldbeabarrier.Knowledgeiscloselyconnectedwithlanguage.Whenalanguagediesout,wecanlosesystemsofreasoningthattheycontain.Ifthat'

slost,thenitcan'

tberecovered.

Allthismeansthatothermindsmightnotbeabletofullymakehumanknowledgealivewhenwearegone.Itisbettertoconcentrateonnotdyingoutinthefirstplace.

（1）HowmanyopinionsarementionedinPara.2?

（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"

similarthings"

inPara3probablyreferto?

Makinglostwisdomaliveagain. 

Rescuingdisappearingknowledge.

Preservingfutureknowledge. 

Gainingnewknowledge.

（3）Howcanwemakeknowledgesurvive?

Weknowalotabouthumanbeings. 

Welearnwaystodrawconclusions.

Wehaveacertainculturalcontinuity. 

Weprotectthelegacyofotherhumans.

（4）What'

smainlytalkedaboutinthetext?

Canhumanbeingsliveon?

Willourknowledgesurviveus?

Whatwilltheearthbelikeinthefuture?

Howcanweprotectourculture?

【答案】

（1）B

（2）A

【解析】【分析】本文讲述的是，我们的智慧将会幸存吗？

（1）推理判断题。

根据第二段Knowledgerequiresaknower,andtherewillbenoknowingmindsaroundthen.Butifinformationsurvives,perhapsinbooksorharddrives,maybetheknowledgeisn'

tquitedeadbutdormant（休眠）,readytobecomealivewiththehelpofothermindsthatdevelopovertimeorcometovisitEarthinthedistantfuture.可知，在第二段中提出了两种建议，故答案为B

（2）词义猜测题。

根据第三段中第二、三句Forexample,wesavedanancientcomputerfromashipdestroyedatseaoffthesoutherncoastofGreece,andsucceededinfindingthemeaningofEgyptianhieroglyphics（象形文字）.Carefulworkcanbringpreviouslylostwisdombacktolife.通过例子说明，细心的工作可以将以前失去的智慧带回生活。

由此推知，上句Atfirstsight,thatseemstobereasonable:

afterall,wehavedonesimilarthingswithpastknowledge.中划线部分的意思是，让失去的智慧活跃起来。

故选A。

（3）细节理解题。

根据第四段第一句However,thekeypointisthatthereisacertainculturalcontinuitywiththoseancienttimesthatallowsustoreasonandmakeprogressinthedark:

weknowwearedealingwiththelegacy（遗产）ofotherhumans.可知，我们有一定的文化延续性能使知识幸存。

故选C。

（4）主旨大意题。

根据第一段Theyear3700,Earthisfartoohotforanyhumantocallithome.Onthisplanetatleast,manisnothingmorethanamemory--ifthereisanythinglefttorememberthe"

可知，本文讲述的是，我们的智慧将会幸存吗？

根据句意可知答案为B

【点评】考查阅读理解，涉及推理判断、猜测词义、细节理解、主旨大意题。

阅读时要注意作者说明事物采用的是什么方式。

例如：

举例、分类还是对比。

无论采用什么方法，作者都是为了说明事物的本质特征，清晰地展现说明的事物。

理清了脉络，就能理解文章，抓住原文中的信息点，并且和选项进行同意转换。

3．阅读理解

Tobeagoodteacher,youneedsomeofthegiftsofagoodactor;

youmustbeabletoholdtheattentionandinterestofyouraudience;

youmustbeaclearspeaker,withagood,strong,pleasantvoicewhichisfullyunderyourcontrol;

andyoumustbeabletoactwhatyouareteaching,inordertomakeitsmeaningclear.

Watchagoodteacher,andyouwillseethathedoesn'

tsitstillbeforehisclass;

hestandsthewholetimeheisteaching;

hewalksabout,usinghisarms,handsandfingerstohelphiminhisexplanations,andhisfacetoexpressfeelings.

Thereareveryimportantdifferencesbetweentheteacher'

sworkandtheactor'

s.Theactorhastospeakwordswhichhehaslearntbyheart;

hehastorepeatexactlythesamewordseachtimeheplaysacertainpart,evenhismovementsandthewaysinwhichheuseshisvoiceareusuallyfixedbeforehand（预先）.Whathehastodoistomakeallthesecarefullylearntwordsandactionsseemnaturalonthestage.Agoodteacherworksinquiteadifferentway.Hisaudiencetakeanactivepartinhisplay:

theyaskandanswerquestions,theyobeyorders,andiftheydon'

tunderstandanything,theysayso.Theteachercan'

tlearnhispartbyheart,butmustinventitashegoesalong.

Ihaveknownmanyteacherswhoarefineactorsinclassbutareunabletotakepartinastage-playbecausetheycan'

tkeepstrictlytowhatanotherhaswritten.

（1）Fromthepassage,weknow______.

A.agoodteachershouldbeagoodactor.

B.agoodteachermaybeunabletoactwellonthestage.

C.agoodactorshouldbeagoodteacher.

D.agoodactormayactwellinclass.

（2）WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Agoodteachershouldspeakclearly.

B.Agoodteachershouldsitstillbeforehisclassandspeakwithhisbodylanguage.

C.Agoodactorshouldspeakasothershaveaskedhimtodo.

D.Agoodactorshouldrepeatexactlythesamewordseachtimeheplaysacertainpart.

（3）Theskillsofagoodteacherare______.