环境 ISO 14001 中英文对照Word格式.docx

环境 ISO 14001 中英文对照Word格式.docx

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3.3Termsrelatedtosupportandoperation.....................

3.3与支持和运行有关的术语…

3.4Termsrelatedtoperformanceevaluationandimprovement

3.4与绩效评价和改进有关的术语…

4Contextoftheorganization......

4组织所处的环境………

4.1Understandingtheorganizationanditscontext......

4.1理解组织及其所处的环境……

4.2Understandingtheneedsandexpectationsofinterestedparties....

4.2理解相关方的需求和期望…

4.3Determiningthescopeoftheenvironmentalmanagement

4.3确定环境管理体系的范围…

system....

4.4Environmentalmanagementsystem............

4.4环境管理体系…………………

5Leadership...........

5领导作用……

5.1Leadershipandcommitment........

5.1领导作用与承诺…

5.2Environmentalpolicy.......................

5.2环境方针............

5.3Organizationalroles,responsibilitiesandauthorities.

5.3组织的角色、职责和权限....

6Planning.

6.策划.........

6.1Actionstoaddressrisksandopportunities...

6.1应对风险和机遇的措施..

6.1.1General................

6.1.1总则

6.1.2Environmentalaspects........

6.1.2环境因素..........

6.1.3Complianceobligations.........

6.1.3合规义务....

6.1.4Planningaction................

6.1.4措施的策划......

6.2Environmentalobjectivesandplanningtoachievethem....

6.2环境目标及其实现的策划....

6.2.1Environmentalobjectives........

6.2.1环境目标.......

6.2.2Planningactionstoachieveenvironmentalobjectives...

6.2.2实现环境目标的措施的策划.

7Support............

7.支持.....

7.1Resources.............

7.1资源..

7.2Competence.................

7.2能力......

7.3Awareness...................

7.3意识.....

7.4Communication............

7.4信息交流....

7.4.1General......................

7.4.1总则.....

7.4.2Internalcommunication..........

7.4.2内部信息交流.....

7.4.3Externalcommunication...........

7.4.3外部信息交流.....

7.5Documentedinformation................

7.5文件化信息.....

7.5.1General.................

7.5.1总则...

7.5.2Creatingandupdating..............

7.5.2创建和更新....

7.5.3Controlofdocumentedinformation......

7.5.3文件化信息的控制.....

8Operation.....

8运行.....

8.1Operationalplanningandcontrol...........

8.1运行策划和控制...

8.2Emergencypreparednessandresponse.....

8.2应急准备和响应......

9Performanceevaluation.............

9绩效评价.....

9.1Monitoring,measurement,analysisandevaluation........

9.1监视、测量、分析和评价.

9.1.1General.............

9.1.1总则.......

9.1.2Evaluationofcompliance..........

9.1.2合规性评价......

9.2Internalaudit......................

9.2内部审核.....

9.2.1General....................

9.2.1总则......

9.2.2Internalauditprogramme..........

9.2.2内部审核方案......

9.3Managementreview................

9.3管理评审.....

10Improvement................

10改进...

10.1General...................

10.1总则....

10.2Nonconformityandcorrectiveaction

10.2不符合和纠正措施.......

10.3Continualimprovement..........

10.3持续改进........

AnnexA（informative）GuidanceontheuseofthisInternational

附录A（资料性附录）本标准使用指南......

Standard.

AnnexB（informative）CorrespondencebetweenISO14001:

附录B（资料性附录）GB/T24001-2016与

andISO14001:

2004..（略）

GB/T24001-2004的对应情况

Bibliography..................

参考文献…

Introduction

引言

0.1Background

0.1背景

Achievingabalancebetweentheenvironment,societyandthe

为了既满足当代人的需求，又不损害后代人满

economyisconsideredessentialtomeettheneedsofthepresent

足其需求的能力，必须实现环境、社会和经济

withoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheir

三者之间的平衡。

通过平衡这“三大支柱”的可

needs.Sustainabledevelopmentasagoalisachievedbybalancing

持续性，以实现可持续发展目标。

thethreepillarsofsustainability.

Societalexpectationsforsustainabledevelopment,transparencyand

随着法律法规的日趋严格，以及因污染、资源

accountabilityhaveevolvedwithincreasinglystringentlegislation,

的低效使用、废物管理不当、气候变化、生态

growingpressuresontheenvironmentfrompollution,inefficientuse

系统退化、生物多样性减少等给环境造成的压

ofresources,improperwastemanagement,climatechange,

力不断增大，社会对可持续发展、透明度和责

degradationofecosystemsandlossofbiodiversity.

任的期望值已发生了变化。

Thishasledorganizationstoadoptasystematicapproachto

因此，各组织通过实施环境管理体系，采用系

environmentalmanagementbyimplementingenvironmental

统的方法进行环境管理，以期为“环境支柱”的

managementsystemswiththeaimofcontributingtothe

可持续性做出贡献。

environmentalpillarofsustainability.

0.2Aimofanenvironmentalmanagementsystem

0.2环境管理体系的目的

ThepurposeofthisInternationalStandardistoprovideorganizations

本标准旨在为各组织提供框架，以保护环境，

withaframeworktoprotecttheenvironmentandrespondto

响应变化的环境状况，同时与社会经济需求保

changingenvironmentalconditionsinbalancewithsocio-economic

持平衡。

needs.Itspecifiesrequirementsthatenableanorganizationto

本标准规定了环境管理体系的要求，使组织能

achievetheintendedoutcomesitsetsforitsenvironmental

够实现其设定的环境管理体系的预期结果。

managementsystem.

Asystematicapproachtoenvironmentalmanagementcanprovide

环境管理的系统方法可向最高管理者提供信

topmanagementwithinformationtobuildsuccessoverthelongterm

息，通过下列途径以获得长期成功，并为促进

andcreateoptionsforcontributingtosustainabledevelopmentby:

可持续发展创建可选方案：

—protectingtheenvironmentbypreventingormitigatingadverse

——预防或减轻不利环境影响以保护环境；

environmentalimpacts;

—mitigatingthepotentialadverseeffectofenvironmental

——减轻环境状况对组织的潜在不利影响；

conditionsontheorganization;

—assistingtheorganizationinthefulfilmentofcompliance

——帮助组织履行合规义务；

obligations;

—enhancingenvironmentalperformance;

——提升环境绩效；

—controllingorinfluencingthewaytheorganization’sproductsand

——运用生命周期观点，控制或影响组织的产

servicesaredesigned,manufactured,distributed,consumedand

品和服务的设计、制造、交付、消费和处置的

disposedbyusingalifecycleperspectivethatcanprevent

方式，能够防止环境影响被无意地转移到生命

environmentalimpactsfrombeingunintentionallyshiftedelsewhere

周期的其他阶段；

withinthelifecycle;

—achievingfinancialandoperationalbenefitsthatcanresultfrom

——实施环境友好的、且可巩固组织市场地位

implementingenvironmentallysoundalternativesthatstrengthenthe

的可选方案，以获得财务和运营收益；

organization’smarketposition;

—communicatingenvironmentalinformationtorelevantinterested

——与有关的相关方沟通环境信息。

parties.

ThisInternationalStandard,likeotherInternationalStandards,isnot

本标准不拟增加或改变对组织的法律法规要

intendedtoincreaseorchangeanorganization’slegalrequirements.

求。

0.3Successfactors

Thesuccessofanenvironmentalmanagementsystemdependson

0.3成功因素

commitmentfromalllevelsandfunctionsoftheorganization,ledby

环境管理体系的成功实施取决于最高管理者

topmanagement.Organizationscanleverageopportunitiestoprevent

领导下的组织各层次和职能的承诺。

ormitigateadverseenvironmentalimpactsandenhancebeneficial

组织可利用机遇，尤其是那些具有战略和竞争

environmentalimpacts,particularlythosewithstrategicand

意义的机遇，预防或减轻不利的环境影响，增

competitiveimplications.Topmanagementcaneffectivelyaddress

强有益的环境影响。

itsrisksandopportunitiesbyintegratingenvironmentalmanagement

通过将环境管理融入到组织的业务过程、战略

intotheorganization’sbusinessprocesses,strategicdirectionand

方向和决策制定过程，与其他业务的优先项相

decisionmaking,aligningthemwithotherbusinesspriorities,and

协调，并将环境管理纳入组织的全面管理体系

incorporatingenvironmentalgovernanceintoitsoverallmanagement

中，最高管理者就能够有效地应对其风险和机

system.Demonstrationofsuccessfulimplementationofthis

遇。

成功实施本标准可使相关方确信组织已建

InternationalStandardcanbeusedtoassureinterestedpartiesthatan

立了有效的环境管理体系。

effectiveenvironmentalmanagementsystemisinplace.

AdoptionofthisInternationalStandard,however,willnotinitself

然而，采用本标准本身并不保证能够获得最佳

guaranteeoptimalenvironmentaloutcomes.Applicationofthis

环境结果。

本标准的应用可因组织所处环境的

InternationalStandardcandifferfromoneorganizationtoanother

不同而存在差异。

duetothecontextoftheorganization.Twoorganizationscancarry

两个组织可能从事类似的活动，但是可能拥有

outsimilaractivitiesbutcanhavedifferentcomplianceobligations,

不同的合规义务、环境方针承诺，使用不同的

commitmentsintheirenvironmentalpolicy,environmental

环境技术，并有不同的环境绩效目标，然而它

technologiesandenvironmentalperformancegoals,yetbothcan

们均可能满足本标准的要求。

conformtotherequirementsofthisInternationalStandard.

Thelevelofdetailandcomplexityoftheenvironmentalmanagement

环境管理体系的详略和复杂程度将取决于组

systemwillvarydependingonthecontextoftheorganization,the

织所处的环境、其环境管理体系的范围、其合

scopeofitsenvironmentalmanagementsystem,itscomplianceobligations,andthenatureofitsactivities,productsandservices,includingitsenvironmentalaspectsandassociatedenvironmentalimpacts.

0.4Plan-Do-Check-Actmodel

ThebasisfortheapproachunderlyinganenvironmentalmanagementsystemisfoundedontheconceptofPlan-Do-Check-Act（PDCA）.ThePDCAmodelprovidesaniterativeprocessusedbyorganizationstoachievecontinualimprovement.Itcanbeappliedtoanenvironmentalmanagementsystemandtoeachofitsindividualelements.Itcanbebrieflydescribedasfollows.

—Plan:

establishenvironmentalobjectivesandprocessesnecessarytodeliverresultsinaccordancewiththeorganization’senvironmentalpolicy.

—Do:

implementtheprocessesasplanned.

—Check:

monitorandmeasureprocessesagainsttheenvironmentalpolicy,includingitscommitments,environmentalobjectivesandoperatingcriteria,andreporttheresults.

—Act:

takeactionstocontinuallyimprove.

Figure1showshowtheframeworkintroducedinthisInternationalStandardcouldbeintegratedintoaPDCAmodel,whichcanhelpnewandexistinguserstounderstandtheimportanceofasystemsap