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5.Itookthelisthomeanddidnothinguntilthenightbeforetheessaywasdue.Lyingonthesofa,Ifinallyfaceduptotheunwelcometask,tookthelistoutofmynotebook,andscannedit.(Para.3)
1)Whatcanweinferfromthesesentences?
(Bakerwasunwillingtowritehisessay.)
2)Listphrasestosupportyourinference.
(didnothinguntiltheessaywasdue;
faceduptotheunwelcometask.)
6.Thistitleproducedanextraordinarysequenceofmentalimages.(Para.4)ParaphrasethesentenceandtranslateitintoChinese.
(AtthesightofthetitleIsawanunusualseriesofpicturesinmymind’seye.
这个题目在我脑海里唤起了一连串不同寻常的图像。
)
7.VividmemoriescamefloodingbackofanightinBellevillewhenallofuswere
seatedaroundthesuppertable—UncleAllen,mymother,UncleCharlie,Doris,UncleHal—andAuntPatservedspaghettiforsupper.(Para.4)
Analyzethestructureofthesentence.
(在这个长句中,camefloodingback是谓语,其余的都是主语。
为了使句子结构平衡,
避免头重脚轻,作者运用了割裂修饰法,把谓语前移,主语中心语的修饰成分后置,使谓语紧接主语。
例如:
-Alisthasbeendrawnupofwordswehavelearnedsofar.
-Allisnotgoldthatglitters.)
7.NeitherDorisnorIhadevereatenspaghetti,andnoneoftheadultshadenoughexperiencetobegoodatit.(Para.4)
WhatistherelationshipbetweenBakerandDoris?
Why?
(DoriswasBaker’ssisterorhisfemalecousin.Tworeasonsforthat:
-Dorisisafemalename;
-Theauthormentioned“noneoftheadults...”whichshowsthattheywerestillchildren,notadults.)
9.IwaspreparingmyselfforacommandtoreporttoMr.FleagleimmediatelyafterschoolfordisciplinewhenIsawhimliftmypaperfromhisdeskandknockfor
theclass’sattention.
(Para.6)
1)Paraphrasethispartofthesentence:
Iwasprepared
fordiscipline.
(Iwasreadyfor
ordertoseehimsoonafter
school
for
thepurpose
ofpunishingme...)
2)WhydidBakerthinkhewouldbepunished?
(Becausetohis
mind,
thistime
hehadviolated
therules
offormal
composition.)
3)What’sthefunctionoftheword
“when”inthesentence?
(Theword“when”heredoesn’tmean“atorduringthetimethat
”
(当时).
Instead,itmeans
“andthen”
(在那时).
Moreexamples:
-Hehadjustdriftedofftosleepwhenthebellrang.
-IwasabouttoaskafterhiswifewhenIsuddenlyrememberedthattheyweregettingadivorce.)
10.Intheeleventhgrade,attheeleventh
(Para.9)
TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.
hourasit
were,Ihaddiscovered
acalling.
(就在十一年级,可谓是最后的时刻,我找到了一件今生想做的事。
)
II.Words&
Expressions
offandon(oronandoff):
fromtimetotime;
nowandagain;
irregularly
-Ithasbeenrainingonandoffforaweek.That’swhytheclothesfeeldamp.
-Asherpatientsleptsoundlyduringthenight,NurseBettywasabletodozeoffandoninabedsidechair.
takehold:
becomeestablished
-TheideaofonechildhastakenholdinmanyChinesefamilies.
-老习惯是很难摆脱的。
这就是为什么你要在习惯养成前戒烟。
(Oldhabitsdiehard.
That’swhyyoushouldstopsmokingbeforethehabittakeshold.)
bore:
vt.make(sb.)feeltiredandloseinterest
-Thespeakerwentonandon,andtheaudiencegrewboredbyhisspeech.
-TomSawyergrewboredwithpaintingthegardenfence,sohethoughtofawaytomakeotherspaintforhim.
Collocation:
acrashingbore讨厌至极的人/事
afrightfulbore讨厌得要命的家伙
aninsufferablebore讨厌得令人无法忍受的人
anutterbore极惹人厌烦的事
associate:
vt.joinorconnecttogether;
connectorbringinthemind
-我们总是把埃及与金字塔联系起来。
(WeoftenassociateEgyptwithpyramids.)
-Ican’tassociatethisgentleyoungwomanwiththeradicalpolitical
essays
she
haswritten.
-Jimwishedtoforgeteverythingassociatedwithhisformerlife.
turnout:
1)comeoutorgatherasforameeting,publicevent,etc.
2)provetobe
3)shutoff
4)produce;
make
-Alargegroupofprotestershaveturnedout.
(1)
-Theschoolhasturnedoutsomegreatscholars.(4)
-Turnoutthelightbeforeyougotobed.(3)
-Theplanturnedoutafailure.
(2)
-Wearetoturnout100,000,586computersnextyeartomeetthemarketrequirements.
(4)
-Theexperimentturnedouttobeasuccess.
(2)
-Crowdsturnedoutfortheprocession.
(1)
anticipate:
vt.expect(usu.followedbygerundorthat-clause)
-Thepolicehadanticipatedtroublefromthesoccerfansandwereatthegroundinlargenumbers.
-他们预测到2012年死于艾滋病的人数将增加一倍。
(TheyanticipatethatdeathsfromAIDSwillhavedoubledby2012.)
.该动词所接的宾语可以是动名词,不可用不定式代替。
-Weanticipaterunningintoproblemsincarryingoutthemedicalwelfarereform.
-Weanticipatehearingfromyouagain.
tedious:
adj.boringandlastingforalongtime
-Themoviewassotediousthatmanyviewersleftbeforeitwasover.
-LaurafoundGeorgetobetediousanddecidednottoseehimanymore.
inspire:
vt.fill(sb.)withconfidence,eagerness,etc.
-Martin
Luther
King,
Jr.’sspeeches
inspired
people
tofightfor
equal
treatment
ofAfricanAmericans.
-Thelastleaf
onthe
treethatnever
felloff
thedying
patient
withthe
willtoliveon.
inspiresth.insb.(=inspiresb.withsth.)
使某人产生某种感情;
激发某人的某种
感情
rigid:
adj.(
oftendisapproving)fixedinbehavior;
basedoncorrectoraccepted
rules
-如果他从前对事情不那么严格苛刻的话,他女儿就不会这么年轻就离家出走了。
(Ifhehad
beenalittle
lessrigidaboutthings,
hisdaughterwouldnothaveleft
homeatsuch
ayoungage.)
-Therigidheadmasterwouldbuttonuphisclothesevenonthehottestdays.
severe:
adj.
1)completelyplain
-Thewidowworeasevereblackdresstoherhusband
’sfuneral.
-海明威以其朴实的写作风格而闻名于世。
(Hemingwayisknownforhisseverewriting
style.)
2)stern;
strict
-Only
those
whohaveundergonesevere
training
canbeacceptedinto
theairforce.
-FuLeiwassoseverewithhissonthatevenhiswifewouldcry.3)causingverygreatpain,difficulty,worry,etc.
-TheseverechestpainexperiencedbytheVice-President
provedtobeaheartattack.
-工厂必须生产出更新更好的产品,才能在激烈的商业竞争形势中获胜。
(Afactorymust
turn
outnewer
and
betterproducts
towin
inthe
climate
ofseverebusiness
competition.)
CF:
severe,stern&
severe作“严厉”解时,可以用来形容人(severe
father
严厉的父亲),人的面貌(severe
look
严厉的神色),人的态度(Theteacherisseverewithhisstudents.
教师对学生
很严厉。
)。
stern
与severe
相近,但用途比较窄,一般用于人的容貌或态度。
asternfather
和aseverefather
都可以用,但含义稍有不同:
aseverefather
指对于子女有严厉的
要求,积极的意义较多;
则指对子女不含温情,要他们服从,消极的意味
较多。
strict
相当于汉语的
“严格的”,须先假定有一种客观的标准(如规章、纪律、定义、真
理等)。
-Theteacherisstrictwithhisstudents.
-Thereisastrictregulationagainstsmokingintheauditorium.
tackle:
vt.dealwith
-Toshiba(东芝)recentlydesignedarobotthatcantacklealmostanykindsofhousework.
-Thequestionsetbytheteacherwassodifficultthatthepupilsdidnotknowhow
totackleit.
faceupto:
bebraveenoughtoacceptordealwith(aproblemordifficulty)
-YeltsinfaceduptothefactthathewasnolongerfitfortheRussianpresidency
andresignedonNewYear’sEve.
-既然你女儿已经诞生了,你就要承担起做父亲的责任。
(Nowthatyourdaughterwasborn,
you’llhavetofaceuptotheresponsibilitiesofbeingafather.)
sequence:
n.connectedlineofevents,ideas,etc.
-连续的歉收(badharvest)迫使一些非洲国家请求外国援助(foreignaid)。
(Asequence
ofbadharvestsforcedsomeAfricancountriestoaskforforeignaid.)
-TheFalloftheRomanEmpirewaswritteninhistoricalsequence.
sequence&
series
sequence是指“先后衔接的次序”。
这种次序可以是历史性的,即事态发生时的先后次序;
也可以是逻辑性的,即论点先后的衔接,相当于汉语的“语无伦次”中的“伦次”-Ihaveapoormemoryfordatesandoftenmixupthesequenceofevents.(
。
我记
日期的能力很差,常把事情的先后次序弄混。
-Yourargumentlackslogicalsequence,foryoursecondpointdoesnotfollowthe
first.(你的论据缺乏逻辑顺序,因为你的第二点与第一点衔接不上。
series是指“系列”、“组”,可以有先后衔接的次序,也可以没有,但一系列或一组的东西一定自成一个完整的单位。
-ProfessorLiwillgiveaseriesoflecturesontheMiddleEastissue.(将就中东问题做一系列的讲座。
李教授
-ThepostofficehasissuedaseriesofstampscommemoratingtheOlympicGames.
(邮政局发行了一组纪念奥运会的邮票。
)Collocation:
insequence顺次,挨次
inrapidsequence紧接着,一个接着一个
inregularsequence按次序,有条不紊
thesequenceofevents事情的先后顺序
recall:
vt.bringbacktothemind;
remember(usu.followedby
that-clause)
-Irecognizethefacebutcan’trecallhername.
-Idon’trecallevermeetingher.
-Sherecalledthatshehadtoseethedoctoragainthatafternoon.
recall,remember&
remind
noun/gerund