大学英语综合教程第一单元知识点docWord格式.docx

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大学英语综合教程第一单元知识点docWord格式.docx

5.Itookthelisthomeanddidnothinguntilthenightbeforetheessaywasdue.Lyingonthesofa,Ifinallyfaceduptotheunwelcometask,tookthelistoutofmynotebook,andscannedit.(Para.3)

1)Whatcanweinferfromthesesentences?

(Bakerwasunwillingtowritehisessay.)

2)Listphrasestosupportyourinference.

(didnothinguntiltheessaywasdue;

faceduptotheunwelcometask.)

6.Thistitleproducedanextraordinarysequenceofmentalimages.(Para.4)ParaphrasethesentenceandtranslateitintoChinese.

(AtthesightofthetitleIsawanunusualseriesofpicturesinmymind’seye.

这个题目在我脑海里唤起了一连串不同寻常的图像。

7.VividmemoriescamefloodingbackofanightinBellevillewhenallofuswere

seatedaroundthesuppertable—UncleAllen,mymother,UncleCharlie,Doris,UncleHal—andAuntPatservedspaghettiforsupper.(Para.4)

Analyzethestructureofthesentence.

(在这个长句中,camefloodingback是谓语,其余的都是主语。

为了使句子结构平衡,

避免头重脚轻,作者运用了割裂修饰法,把谓语前移,主语中心语的修饰成分后置,使谓语紧接主语。

例如:

-Alisthasbeendrawnupofwordswehavelearnedsofar.

-Allisnotgoldthatglitters.)

7.NeitherDorisnorIhadevereatenspaghetti,andnoneoftheadultshadenoughexperiencetobegoodatit.(Para.4)

WhatistherelationshipbetweenBakerandDoris?

Why?

(DoriswasBaker’ssisterorhisfemalecousin.Tworeasonsforthat:

-Dorisisafemalename;

-Theauthormentioned“noneoftheadults...”whichshowsthattheywerestillchildren,notadults.)

9.IwaspreparingmyselfforacommandtoreporttoMr.FleagleimmediatelyafterschoolfordisciplinewhenIsawhimliftmypaperfromhisdeskandknockfor

theclass’sattention.

(Para.6)

1)Paraphrasethispartofthesentence:

Iwasprepared

fordiscipline.

(Iwasreadyfor

ordertoseehimsoonafter

school

for

thepurpose

ofpunishingme...)

2)WhydidBakerthinkhewouldbepunished?

(Becausetohis

mind,

thistime

hehadviolated

therules

offormal

composition.)

3)What’sthefunctionoftheword

“when”inthesentence?

(Theword“when”heredoesn’tmean“atorduringthetimethat

(当时).

Instead,itmeans

“andthen”

(在那时).

Moreexamples:

-Hehadjustdriftedofftosleepwhenthebellrang.

-IwasabouttoaskafterhiswifewhenIsuddenlyrememberedthattheyweregettingadivorce.)

10.Intheeleventhgrade,attheeleventh

(Para.9)

TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.

hourasit

were,Ihaddiscovered

acalling.

(就在十一年级,可谓是最后的时刻,我找到了一件今生想做的事。

II.Words&

Expressions

offandon(oronandoff):

fromtimetotime;

nowandagain;

irregularly

-Ithasbeenrainingonandoffforaweek.That’swhytheclothesfeeldamp.

-Asherpatientsleptsoundlyduringthenight,NurseBettywasabletodozeoffandoninabedsidechair.

takehold:

becomeestablished

-TheideaofonechildhastakenholdinmanyChinesefamilies.

-老习惯是很难摆脱的。

这就是为什么你要在习惯养成前戒烟。

(Oldhabitsdiehard.

That’swhyyoushouldstopsmokingbeforethehabittakeshold.)

bore:

vt.make(sb.)feeltiredandloseinterest

-Thespeakerwentonandon,andtheaudiencegrewboredbyhisspeech.

-TomSawyergrewboredwithpaintingthegardenfence,sohethoughtofawaytomakeotherspaintforhim.

Collocation:

acrashingbore讨厌至极的人/事

afrightfulbore讨厌得要命的家伙

aninsufferablebore讨厌得令人无法忍受的人

anutterbore极惹人厌烦的事

associate:

vt.joinorconnecttogether;

connectorbringinthemind

-我们总是把埃及与金字塔联系起来。

(WeoftenassociateEgyptwithpyramids.)

-Ican’tassociatethisgentleyoungwomanwiththeradicalpolitical

essays

she

haswritten.

-Jimwishedtoforgeteverythingassociatedwithhisformerlife.

turnout:

1)comeoutorgatherasforameeting,publicevent,etc.

2)provetobe

3)shutoff

4)produce;

make

-Alargegroupofprotestershaveturnedout.

(1)

-Theschoolhasturnedoutsomegreatscholars.(4)

-Turnoutthelightbeforeyougotobed.(3)

-Theplanturnedoutafailure.

(2)

-Wearetoturnout100,000,586computersnextyeartomeetthemarketrequirements.

(4)

-Theexperimentturnedouttobeasuccess.

(2)

-Crowdsturnedoutfortheprocession.

(1)

anticipate:

vt.expect(usu.followedbygerundorthat-clause)

-Thepolicehadanticipatedtroublefromthesoccerfansandwereatthegroundinlargenumbers.

-他们预测到2012年死于艾滋病的人数将增加一倍。

(TheyanticipatethatdeathsfromAIDSwillhavedoubledby2012.)

.该动词所接的宾语可以是动名词,不可用不定式代替。

-Weanticipaterunningintoproblemsincarryingoutthemedicalwelfarereform.

-Weanticipatehearingfromyouagain.

tedious:

adj.boringandlastingforalongtime

-Themoviewassotediousthatmanyviewersleftbeforeitwasover.

-LaurafoundGeorgetobetediousanddecidednottoseehimanymore.

inspire:

vt.fill(sb.)withconfidence,eagerness,etc.

-Martin

Luther

King,

Jr.’sspeeches

inspired

people

tofightfor

equal

treatment

ofAfricanAmericans.

-Thelastleaf

onthe

treethatnever

felloff

thedying

patient

withthe

willtoliveon.

inspiresth.insb.(=inspiresb.withsth.)

使某人产生某种感情;

激发某人的某种

感情

rigid:

adj.(

oftendisapproving)fixedinbehavior;

basedoncorrectoraccepted

rules

-如果他从前对事情不那么严格苛刻的话,他女儿就不会这么年轻就离家出走了。

(Ifhehad

beenalittle

lessrigidaboutthings,

hisdaughterwouldnothaveleft

homeatsuch

ayoungage.)

-Therigidheadmasterwouldbuttonuphisclothesevenonthehottestdays.

severe:

adj.

1)completelyplain

-Thewidowworeasevereblackdresstoherhusband

’sfuneral.

-海明威以其朴实的写作风格而闻名于世。

(Hemingwayisknownforhisseverewriting

style.)

2)stern;

strict

-Only

those

whohaveundergonesevere

training

canbeacceptedinto

theairforce.

-FuLeiwassoseverewithhissonthatevenhiswifewouldcry.3)causingverygreatpain,difficulty,worry,etc.

-TheseverechestpainexperiencedbytheVice-President

provedtobeaheartattack.

-工厂必须生产出更新更好的产品,才能在激烈的商业竞争形势中获胜。

(Afactorymust

turn

outnewer

and

betterproducts

towin

inthe

climate

ofseverebusiness

competition.)

CF:

severe,stern&

severe作“严厉”解时,可以用来形容人(severe

father

严厉的父亲),人的面貌(severe

look

严厉的神色),人的态度(Theteacherisseverewithhisstudents.

教师对学生

很严厉。

)。

stern

与severe

相近,但用途比较窄,一般用于人的容貌或态度。

asternfather

和aseverefather

都可以用,但含义稍有不同:

aseverefather

指对于子女有严厉的

要求,积极的意义较多;

则指对子女不含温情,要他们服从,消极的意味

较多。

strict

相当于汉语的

“严格的”,须先假定有一种客观的标准(如规章、纪律、定义、真

理等)。

-Theteacherisstrictwithhisstudents.

-Thereisastrictregulationagainstsmokingintheauditorium.

tackle:

vt.dealwith

-Toshiba(东芝)recentlydesignedarobotthatcantacklealmostanykindsofhousework.

-Thequestionsetbytheteacherwassodifficultthatthepupilsdidnotknowhow

totackleit.

faceupto:

bebraveenoughtoacceptordealwith(aproblemordifficulty)

-YeltsinfaceduptothefactthathewasnolongerfitfortheRussianpresidency

andresignedonNewYear’sEve.

-既然你女儿已经诞生了,你就要承担起做父亲的责任。

(Nowthatyourdaughterwasborn,

you’llhavetofaceuptotheresponsibilitiesofbeingafather.)

sequence:

n.connectedlineofevents,ideas,etc.

-连续的歉收(badharvest)迫使一些非洲国家请求外国援助(foreignaid)。

(Asequence

ofbadharvestsforcedsomeAfricancountriestoaskforforeignaid.)

-TheFalloftheRomanEmpirewaswritteninhistoricalsequence.

sequence&

series

sequence是指“先后衔接的次序”。

这种次序可以是历史性的,即事态发生时的先后次序;

也可以是逻辑性的,即论点先后的衔接,相当于汉语的“语无伦次”中的“伦次”-Ihaveapoormemoryfordatesandoftenmixupthesequenceofevents.(

我记

日期的能力很差,常把事情的先后次序弄混。

-Yourargumentlackslogicalsequence,foryoursecondpointdoesnotfollowthe

first.(你的论据缺乏逻辑顺序,因为你的第二点与第一点衔接不上。

series是指“系列”、“组”,可以有先后衔接的次序,也可以没有,但一系列或一组的东西一定自成一个完整的单位。

-ProfessorLiwillgiveaseriesoflecturesontheMiddleEastissue.(将就中东问题做一系列的讲座。

李教授

-ThepostofficehasissuedaseriesofstampscommemoratingtheOlympicGames.

(邮政局发行了一组纪念奥运会的邮票。

)Collocation:

insequence顺次,挨次

inrapidsequence紧接着,一个接着一个

inregularsequence按次序,有条不紊

thesequenceofevents事情的先后顺序

recall:

vt.bringbacktothemind;

remember(usu.followedby

that-clause)

-Irecognizethefacebutcan’trecallhername.

-Idon’trecallevermeetingher.

-Sherecalledthatshehadtoseethedoctoragainthatafternoon.

recall,remember&

remind

noun/gerund

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