高考英语语法填空巧解动词篇Word下载.docx
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3.Pahlssonandherhusband(search)thekitchen,checkingeverycorner,butturnedupnothing.(2017浙江)
4.Sarahsays,"
MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthemoment,school(come)first.(2017全国III)
5.We(tell)thatourroomshadn’tbeenreservedforthatweek,butfortheweekafter.(2014广东)
6.Thegiantpanda(love)bypeoplethroughouttheworld.(2016四川)
7.However,itstayedwithherandleanedaboutthewaysoftheforest.Then,aftertwoandahalfyears,themother(drive)theyoungpandaaway.(2016四川)
8.He(pretend)thatatigertoywasrealandgivingitavoice.(2011广东)
9.Hermotherwasexcited.“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking,”Jane(inform).
10.Thiscycle(go)dayafterday:
Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandarethusalwaysatimelyoffset(抵消)fortheoutsidetemperatures.(2015全国II)
1.wereused2.managed3.searched4.comes5.weretold6.isloved
7.drove8.waspretending9.wasinformed10.goes
3.固定句式
①看到nosooner...than...或hardly...when...,要想到主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时;
②看到并列连词when,要想到与was/weredoing连用;
③看到It/This/Thatis+形容词最高级序数词+that从句,要想到从句用现在完成时;
④看到It/This/Thatwas+序数词+that从句,要想到从句用过去完成时;
⑤看到It/Thisis+最高级十名词+that从句,要想到从句用现在完成时;
⑥看到“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”,要想到陈述句用一般将来时。
bythetime+一般现在时,将来完成时;
bythetime+一般过去时,过去完成时;
①It'
ssaidthatthisisthefirsttimethepainting_____hasbeenshown_______________(show)tothepublic,whichattractsmanypeople.
②ItgoeswithoutsayingthatthisisthebestplaceI_____havebeen______(be)to.
③Yesterday,I_____waswaiting____________(wait)forbuswhentherainstartedtocomedown.
④Putyourheartintostudy,andyou______willmake________(make)alotofprogresssoon.
4.理清逻辑关系——(判断主被动方法:
及物动词后无宾语则为被动)
各种时态的被动语态
构成(以do为例)
一般现在时
am/is/are
done
一般过去时
was/were
一般将来时
shall/will
be
现在进行时
being
过去进行时
现在完成时
have/has
been
过去完成时
had
将来完成时
have
不能用被动语态的动词和短语
①不及物动词(短语)没有宾语,故不能用于被动语态。
takeplace,cometrue,comeabout,breakout,appear,happen,disappear,last,arise等。
②表示主语特征的词,如read,wash,write,sell,wear,lock,break,catch,cut,drive,open等,常与not,hardly,well,easily,badly,nicely等副词连用。
③系动词如appear,be,become,fall,feel,get,grow,keep,look,remain,seemsmell,sound,stay,taste,turn等不能用于被动语态。
(1)(2016·
江苏高考改编)Moreefforts,asreported,_______willbemade___(make)intheyearsaheadtoaccelerate(促进)thesupplysidestructurereform.
(2)(2017·
江苏高考)Hehurriedhome,neveroncelookingbacktoseeifhe_____wasbeingfollowed(follow).
(3)Somepeopleeatwiththeireyes.Theyprefertoorderwhat__looks______(look)nice.
(4)Becauseoftheheavysnow,aseriousaccident____happened_______(happen)tothefamily.
(5)Thefamousmusician,aswellashisstudents,___wasinvited_____(invite)toperformattheopeningceremonyofthe8thChinaFlowerExpo.
(6)Aneedleandthread__was__given__(give)toher,butshecouldnotsew(缝纫)thebuttonon.
5.主谓一致:
主语是单数形式时,谓语动词就用单数形式;
主语是复数形式时,谓语动词就用复数形式。
(1)语法一致原则
①当and连接两个或多个名词,或both...and...连接两个名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
②主语后有with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,nolessthan,ratherthan,including,besides,like,except,but等词或短语时,谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。
③“anumberof+名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;
“thenumberof+名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
④定语从句中,关系代词that,who,which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数保持一致。
⑤不定式或动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
例如:
Readingislearning.读书就是学习。
⑥在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语保持一致。
(7)不定代词anyone,somebody,everything,nothing,each作主语,谓语用单数。
例句:
IfanyoneseesLisa,askhertocallme.
(8)n.复数+each作主语,谓语用复数。
Thestudentseachhaveanapple.(each是同位语,主语是thestudents)
※注意:
eachof+n.复数作主语时,谓语用单数。
Eachofthestudentshasanapple.
(9)all作主语:
指人用复数,指物用单数。
Allareequalbeforethelaw.(指人)
Alliswellthatendswell.(结局好就一切都好,指物/现象)
allof+n.,谓语与n.保持一致。
All(of)themoneyismine.
All(of)hisfriendsarepoor.
(10)manya+n.作主语,谓语用单数。
Manyapageinthisbookismissing.
(11)时间,重量,距离,价格,体积等名词的复数做主语,通常看作是整体,谓语用单数。
Twentyyearsisalongtimeinone’slife.
20,000dollarsisnotasmallsumofmoney.
(12)分数/百分数/half/therest/mostof+n.作主语,谓语和of后的n.保持一致。
Mostofthestudentsaregoingtoplaytennis.
Aboutonethirdofwheatcropwasruinedbytheflood.
(13)kind(form,type,sort,species,series...)of修饰主语时,谓语与这些词的单复数一致。
Thisnewtypeofbusesisnowonshow.
Allkindsofdifficultieshavetobeovercome.
(2)意义一致原则
即谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式要看主语所表达的概念。
①由and连接的两个名词,如果是指同一概念(即and后面无冠词),则谓语动词用单数形式。
②表示金钱、价格、时间、长度等复数名词及词组作主语时,一般被看作一个整体,谓语动词常用单数形式。
③集体名词(如family,team,crowd,company,class,group,government等)如果表示整体概念,则谓语动词用单数形式;
如果表示集体中的成员,则谓语动词用复数形式。
(3)就近一致原则
①由either...or...,neither...nor...,notonly...but(also)...,not...but...或or连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与较近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
②Therebe...和Herebe...这两个句式中的be动词常与最近的主语在数上保持一致。
(3)救援一致原则
aswellas,like,with,togetherwith,alongwith,ratherthan,but,except...并列两个名词时,与前一个保持一致
①(2017·
温州一模)Itwastheboy,ratherthanhisteachers,that__was______(be)toblameforwhathehaddone.
②(2017·
双鸭山一模)Thenumberoftrafficaccidentsthathappenindevelopingcountries_____is___(be)increasing.
③Toadisabledperson,even50meters_____is___(be)alongdistancetocover.
④Itisreportedthatthere____are____(be)goingtobeheavystormsinthecomingmonth.
⑤NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary___are_____(be)tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.
⑥Atyesterday'
sparty,thenumberofpeopleinvited____was____(be)fifty,butanumberofthem____were____(be)absentfordifferentreasons.
⑦(2017·
天津高考)Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,_______isregarded______(regard)asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.
(8)Weeach____have____(have)strongpoints,buteachofusontheotherhand___has_____(have)weakpoints.
6.虚拟语气(所描述的情况与事实不相吻合)
1.非真实条件句中虚拟语气的用法
表示虚拟的时间
If从句的谓语形式
主句的谓语形式
与现在事实相反
did/were
would/should/coulddo
与过去事实相反
haddone
would/could/shouldhavedone
与将来事实可能相反
weretodo/did
∙Wewouldbebackinthehotelnowifyoudidn’tlosethemap.(2014北京)
∙IfMr.Deweyhadbeenpresent,hewouldhaveofferedanypossibleassistancetothepeoplethere.(2014湖南)
∙Gracedoesn’twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifsheweretolivethere,shewouldn’tbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften.(2012安徽)
2.错综虚拟语气_______________________________________(主句与从句对不同时间虚拟)
◆MaybeifIhadstudiedscience,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.
3.虚拟语气在含蓄条件句中的用法_______________________________________(标志词:
butfor,or,otherwise,without)
◆Wecouldnothavestayedtogetherforasingleminutebutforaphonecall.
4.虚拟语气做题方法:
(1)判定是否虚拟;
——if条件句/含蓄条件标志词
(2)区分主从句;
(3)确定虚拟时间;
——现在/过去/将来
【过关检测】
1.WewouldhavecalledataxiyesterdayifHaroldusaridehome.
A.didn’tofferB.wouldn’tofferC.hasn’tofferedD.hadn’toffered
2.—DoyouthinkGeorgehaspassedthedrivingtest?
—No.Ifso,hehiscartoourcollegeyesterday.(2013福建)
A.woulddriveB.droveC.wouldhavedrivenD.haddriven
3.IshouldnothavelaughedifIyouwereserious.(2013江苏)
A.thoughtB.wouldthinkC.hadthoughtD.havethought
4.—Itrainedcatsanddogsthismorning.I’mgladwetookanumbrella.
—Yeah,wewouldhavegotwetalloverifwe.(2013重庆)
A.hadn’tB.haven'
tC.didn'
tD.don'
t
5.Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfItime,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.
A.havehadB.hadhadC.haveD.had
6.Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewemoreplacesofinterestyesterday.(2012福建)
A.visitedB.hadvisitedC.wouldvisitD.wouldhavevisited
7.IsoonerbutIdidn’tknowthattheywerewaitingforme.(2011天津)
A.hadcomeB.wascomingC.wouldcomeD.wouldhavecome
8.Hadtheyknownwhatwascomingnext,theysecondthoughts.
A.mayhaveB.couldhaveC.musthavehadD.mighthavehad
9.MaybeifIscience,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.(2011北京)
A.studiedB.wouldstudyC.hadstudiedD.wasstudying
10.Peoplearerecyclingmanythingswhichtheyawayinthepast.
A.hadthrownB.willbethrowingC.werethrowingD.wouldhavethrown
(2).虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用
1).asif/asthough,wish,wouldrather(同if条件句)
与现在事实相反:
______________
与过去事实相反:
与将来事实相反:
_____________
∙ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifIhaddoneit?
∙—Wherearethechildren?
Thedinner’sgoingtobecompletelyruined.
—Iwishtheyweren’talwayslate.(2011北京)
∙Wewouldratherou