高考英语语法填空巧解动词篇Word下载.docx

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高考英语语法填空巧解动词篇Word下载.docx

3.Pahlssonandherhusband(search)thekitchen,checkingeverycorner,butturnedupnothing.(2017浙江)

4.Sarahsays,"

MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthemoment,school(come)first.(2017全国III)

5.We(tell)thatourroomshadn’tbeenreservedforthatweek,butfortheweekafter.(2014广东)

6.Thegiantpanda(love)bypeoplethroughouttheworld.(2016四川)

7.However,itstayedwithherandleanedaboutthewaysoftheforest.Then,aftertwoandahalfyears,themother(drive)theyoungpandaaway.(2016四川)

8.He(pretend)thatatigertoywasrealandgivingitavoice.(2011广东)

9.Hermotherwasexcited.“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking,”Jane(inform).

10.Thiscycle(go)dayafterday:

Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandarethusalwaysatimelyoffset(抵消)fortheoutsidetemperatures.(2015全国II)

1.wereused2.managed3.searched4.comes5.weretold6.isloved

7.drove8.waspretending9.wasinformed10.goes

3.固定句式

①看到nosooner...than...或hardly...when...,要想到主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时;

②看到并列连词when,要想到与was/weredoing连用;

③看到It/This/Thatis+形容词最高级序数词+that从句,要想到从句用现在完成时;

④看到It/This/Thatwas+序数词+that从句,要想到从句用过去完成时;

⑤看到It/Thisis+最高级十名词+that从句,要想到从句用现在完成时;

⑥看到“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”,要想到陈述句用一般将来时。

bythetime+一般现在时,将来完成时;

bythetime+一般过去时,过去完成时;

①It'

ssaidthatthisisthefirsttimethepainting_____hasbeenshown_______________(show)tothepublic,whichattractsmanypeople.

②ItgoeswithoutsayingthatthisisthebestplaceI_____havebeen______(be)to.

③Yesterday,I_____waswaiting____________(wait)forbuswhentherainstartedtocomedown.

④Putyourheartintostudy,andyou______willmake________(make)alotofprogresssoon.

4.理清逻辑关系——(判断主被动方法:

及物动词后无宾语则为被动)

各种时态的被动语态

构成(以do为例)

一般现在时

am/is/are 

done

一般过去时

was/were 

一般将来时

shall/will 

be 

现在进行时

being 

过去进行时

现在完成时

have/has 

been 

过去完成时

had 

将来完成时

have 

不能用被动语态的动词和短语

①不及物动词(短语)没有宾语,故不能用于被动语态。

takeplace,cometrue,comeabout,breakout,appear,happen,disappear,last,arise等。

②表示主语特征的词,如read,wash,write,sell,wear,lock,break,catch,cut,drive,open等,常与not,hardly,well,easily,badly,nicely等副词连用。

③系动词如appear,be,become,fall,feel,get,grow,keep,look,remain,seemsmell,sound,stay,taste,turn等不能用于被动语态。

 

(1)(2016·

江苏高考改编)Moreefforts,asreported,_______willbemade___(make)intheyearsaheadtoaccelerate(促进)thesupplysidestructurereform.

(2)(2017·

江苏高考)Hehurriedhome,neveroncelookingbacktoseeifhe_____wasbeingfollowed(follow).

(3)Somepeopleeatwiththeireyes.Theyprefertoorderwhat__looks______(look)nice.

(4)Becauseoftheheavysnow,aseriousaccident____happened_______(happen)tothefamily.

(5)Thefamousmusician,aswellashisstudents,___wasinvited_____(invite)toperformattheopeningceremonyofthe8thChinaFlowerExpo.

(6)Aneedleandthread__was__given__(give)toher,butshecouldnotsew(缝纫)thebuttonon.

5.主谓一致:

主语是单数形式时,谓语动词就用单数形式;

主语是复数形式时,谓语动词就用复数形式。

(1)语法一致原则

①当and连接两个或多个名词,或both...and...连接两个名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。

②主语后有with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,nolessthan,ratherthan,including,besides,like,except,but等词或短语时,谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。

③“anumberof+名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;

“thenumberof+名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

④定语从句中,关系代词that,who,which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数保持一致。

⑤不定式或动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:

Readingislearning.读书就是学习。

⑥在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语保持一致。

(7)不定代词anyone,somebody,everything,nothing,each作主语,谓语用单数。

例句:

IfanyoneseesLisa,askhertocallme.

(8)n.复数+each作主语,谓语用复数。

Thestudentseachhaveanapple.(each是同位语,主语是thestudents)

※注意:

eachof+n.复数作主语时,谓语用单数。

Eachofthestudentshasanapple.

(9)all作主语:

指人用复数,指物用单数。

Allareequalbeforethelaw.(指人)

Alliswellthatendswell.(结局好就一切都好,指物/现象)

allof+n.,谓语与n.保持一致。

All(of)themoneyismine.

All(of)hisfriendsarepoor.

(10)manya+n.作主语,谓语用单数。

Manyapageinthisbookismissing.

(11)时间,重量,距离,价格,体积等名词的复数做主语,通常看作是整体,谓语用单数。

Twentyyearsisalongtimeinone’slife.

20,000dollarsisnotasmallsumofmoney.

(12)分数/百分数/half/therest/mostof+n.作主语,谓语和of后的n.保持一致。

Mostofthestudentsaregoingtoplaytennis.

Aboutonethirdofwheatcropwasruinedbytheflood.

(13)kind(form,type,sort,species,series...)of修饰主语时,谓语与这些词的单复数一致。

Thisnewtypeofbusesisnowonshow.

Allkindsofdifficultieshavetobeovercome.

(2)意义一致原则

即谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式要看主语所表达的概念。

①由and连接的两个名词,如果是指同一概念(即and后面无冠词),则谓语动词用单数形式。

②表示金钱、价格、时间、长度等复数名词及词组作主语时,一般被看作一个整体,谓语动词常用单数形式。

③集体名词(如family,team,crowd,company,class,group,government等)如果表示整体概念,则谓语动词用单数形式;

如果表示集体中的成员,则谓语动词用复数形式。

(3)就近一致原则

①由either...or...,neither...nor...,notonly...but(also)...,not...but...或or连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与较近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。

②Therebe...和Herebe...这两个句式中的be动词常与最近的主语在数上保持一致。

(3)救援一致原则

aswellas,like,with,togetherwith,alongwith,ratherthan,but,except...并列两个名词时,与前一个保持一致

①(2017·

温州一模)Itwastheboy,ratherthanhisteachers,that__was______(be)toblameforwhathehaddone.

②(2017·

双鸭山一模)Thenumberoftrafficaccidentsthathappenindevelopingcountries_____is___(be)increasing.

③Toadisabledperson,even50meters_____is___(be)alongdistancetocover.

④Itisreportedthatthere____are____(be)goingtobeheavystormsinthecomingmonth.

⑤NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary___are_____(be)tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.

⑥Atyesterday'

sparty,thenumberofpeopleinvited____was____(be)fifty,butanumberofthem____were____(be)absentfordifferentreasons.

⑦(2017·

天津高考)Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,_______isregarded______(regard)asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.

(8)Weeach____have____(have)strongpoints,buteachofusontheotherhand___has_____(have)weakpoints.

6.虚拟语气(所描述的情况与事实不相吻合)

1.非真实条件句中虚拟语气的用法

表示虚拟的时间

If从句的谓语形式

主句的谓语形式

与现在事实相反

did/were

would/should/coulddo

与过去事实相反

haddone

would/could/shouldhavedone

与将来事实可能相反

weretodo/did

∙Wewouldbebackinthehotelnowifyoudidn’tlosethemap.(2014北京)

∙IfMr.Deweyhadbeenpresent,hewouldhaveofferedanypossibleassistancetothepeoplethere.(2014湖南)

∙Gracedoesn’twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifsheweretolivethere,shewouldn’tbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften.(2012安徽)

2.错综虚拟语气_______________________________________(主句与从句对不同时间虚拟)

◆MaybeifIhadstudiedscience,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.

3.虚拟语气在含蓄条件句中的用法_______________________________________(标志词:

butfor,or,otherwise,without)

◆Wecouldnothavestayedtogetherforasingleminutebutforaphonecall.

4.虚拟语气做题方法:

(1)判定是否虚拟;

——if条件句/含蓄条件标志词

(2)区分主从句;

(3)确定虚拟时间;

——现在/过去/将来

【过关检测】

1.WewouldhavecalledataxiyesterdayifHaroldusaridehome.

A.didn’tofferB.wouldn’tofferC.hasn’tofferedD.hadn’toffered

2.—DoyouthinkGeorgehaspassedthedrivingtest?

—No.Ifso,hehiscartoourcollegeyesterday.(2013福建)

A.woulddriveB.droveC.wouldhavedrivenD.haddriven

3.IshouldnothavelaughedifIyouwereserious.(2013江苏)

A.thoughtB.wouldthinkC.hadthoughtD.havethought

4.—Itrainedcatsanddogsthismorning.I’mgladwetookanumbrella.

—Yeah,wewouldhavegotwetalloverifwe.(2013重庆)

A.hadn’tB.haven'

tC.didn'

tD.don'

t

5.Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfItime,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.

A.havehadB.hadhadC.haveD.had

6.Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewemoreplacesofinterestyesterday.(2012福建)

A.visitedB.hadvisitedC.wouldvisitD.wouldhavevisited

7.IsoonerbutIdidn’tknowthattheywerewaitingforme.(2011天津)

A.hadcomeB.wascomingC.wouldcomeD.wouldhavecome

8.Hadtheyknownwhatwascomingnext,theysecondthoughts.

A.mayhaveB.couldhaveC.musthavehadD.mighthavehad

9.MaybeifIscience,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.(2011北京)

A.studiedB.wouldstudyC.hadstudiedD.wasstudying

10.Peoplearerecyclingmanythingswhichtheyawayinthepast.

A.hadthrownB.willbethrowingC.werethrowingD.wouldhavethrown

(2).虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用

1).asif/asthough,wish,wouldrather(同if条件句)

与现在事实相反:

______________

与过去事实相反:

与将来事实相反:

_____________

∙ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifIhaddoneit?

∙—Wherearethechildren?

Thedinner’sgoingtobecompletelyruined.

—Iwishtheyweren’talwayslate.(2011北京)

∙Wewouldratherou

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