中考英语语法专题讲解交际用语Word格式.docx
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d.Goodbye.
5.感谢和应答 Thanksandresponses
a.Thankyou（verymuch）.
Thanksalot.
Manythanks.
Thanksfor…
b.It'
sveryniceofyou.
It'
sverykindofyoutosayso/doit.
Thankyouallthesame.
c.Notatall.
That'
sallright./It'
smypleasure.
You'
rewelcome./That'
sOK.
6.祝愿、祝贺和应答 Goodwishes，congratulationsandresponses
a.Goodluck!
Bestwishestoyou.
Haveanice/goodtime.
Congratulations!
Happybirthdaytoyou.
b.Thankyou.
[注]回答对方只是对自己某一方面时，用“Thankyou.”而共有的节日要用“Thesametoyou.”
c.HappyNewYear!
MerryChristmas!
d.Thesametoyou.
状元典例
—We'
llhaveanEnglishexamtomorrow.
—______.
A.That'
sgreat
B.Goodlucktoyou
C.Congratulations
D.Gladtohearthat
答案：
B
思路分析：
本题考查的是表示祝愿和祝贺的交际用语。
由句意“我们明天将有一个英语考试”，答语应为“祝你们好运”，故选择B。
7.意愿 Intentions
I'
mgoingto…
Iwill…
dliketo…
Iwant/hopeto…
8.道歉和应答 Apologiesandresponses
a.I'
msorry.（Sorry.）
msorryfor/about…
Excuseme.
b.That'
sallright.
Itdoesn'
tmatter.
snothing.
Nevermind.
9.遗憾和同情 Regretsandsympathy
Whatapity!
msorrytohearthat.
10.邀请和应答 Invitationsandresponses
a.Willyoucometo…？
Wouldyouliketo…？
b.Yes.I'
dloveto…
Yes.It'
sverykind/niceofyou.
c.I'
dloveto.But…
—Wouldyouliketogoandwatchthefootballgamewithme?
—.
A.NotatallB.Excuseme,Ican'
t
C.Yes,I'
dlovetoD.That'
sright
C
本题考查的是有关邀请的交际用语。
以“Wouldyoulike...?
”提问的句子的肯定答语为“Yes,I’dloveto.”故选择C。
11.提供帮助和应答 Offersandresponses
a.CanIhelpyou？
/MayIhelpyou?
WhatcanIdoforyou?
Here，takethis/my…/Hereyouare.
Letme…foryou.
Wouldyoulikesome…？
b.Thanks.Thatwouldbenice/fine.
Thankyouforyourhelp./Thankyouforhelpingme.
Yes,please.
c.No,thanks/thankyou.
sverykindofyou，but…
12.请求允许和应答 Askingforpermissionandresponses
a.MayI…？
Can/CouldI…？
b.Yes./Certainly.
Yes,doplease.
Ofcourse（youmay）.
sOK/allright.
msorry，but…
dbetternot.
13.表示同意和不同意 Expressingagreementanddisagreement
a.Certainly/Sure/Ofcourse.
Yes，please.
Yes，Ithinkso.
strue.
Allright./OK.
sagoodidea.
Iagree（withyou）.
b.No,Idon'
tthinkso.
mafraidnot.
Ireallycan'
tagreewithyou.
c.Yes,maybe.
Youmayberight.
—MathsisasinterestingasEnglish,Ithink.
—_______.Englishismoreinterestingthanmaths.
A.IthinksoB.Idon'
tthinkso
C.IhopesoD.Idon'
thopeso
本题考查的是关于是否同意对方观点的交际用语。
由句意“我认为数学和英语一样有趣”，但答语为“英语比数学更有趣”，可知“不同意对方的观点”，回答应为“我不这样认为”，故选择B。
14.表示肯定和不肯定 Expressingcertaintyanduncertainty
msure.
msure（that）…
b.I'
mnotsure.
mnotsurewhether/if…
c.Maybe./Perhaps.
15.喜好和厌恶 Likesanddislikes
a.Ilike/love…（verymuch）
Ilike/loveto…
b.Idon'
tlike（to）…
Ihate（to）…
16.谈论天气 Talkingabouttheweather
a.What'
stheweatherliketoday?
How'
stheweatherin…？
sfine/cloudy/windy/rainy…
sratherwarm/cold/hotetc.today,isn'
tit?
17.购物 Shopping
a.WhatcanIdoforyou？
May/CanIhelpyou?
b.Iwant/I'
dlike…/Letmehave…kilo/box…
Howmuchisit?
stooexpensive，I'
mafraid.
sfine.I'
lltakeit.
c.Howmany/muchdoyouwant?
Whatcolor/size/kinddoyouwant?
d.Doyouhaveanyotherkind/size/color?
18.问路和应答 Askingthewayandresponses
a.Excuseme，whichisthewayto…？
Excuseme，canyoutellmethewayto…？
HowcanIgetto…？
Idon'
tknowtheway.
b.Godownthisstreet.
Turnright/leftatthefirst/secondcrossing.
sabout…metresfromhere.
19.问时间或日期和应答 Askingthetimeordateandresponses
a.Whatdayis（it）today?
What'
sthedatetoday?
Whattimeisit?
sthetime，please?
sMonday/Tuesday.
sJanuary10th.
sfiveo'
clock/halfpastfive/aquartertofive/fivethirty.
stimefor…
20.请求 Requests
a.Can/Couldyou…forme?
Will/Wouldyouplease…？
MayIhave…？
b.Pleasegive/passme…
Pleasewait（here/amoment）.
Pleasewait（for）yourturn.
Pleasestandinline/lineup.
Pleasehurry.
c.Don'
trush/crowd.
Nonoise，please.
Nosmoking，please.
状元典例
—Doyoumindmyclosingthewindow?
—______.It’smuchtoonoisyoutside.
A.Yes,please
B.Ofcoursenot
C.Allright
本题考查的是关于请求的交际用语。
由句意“你介意我关窗户吗？
”可推测答语应为“当然不（介意），外面太吵了，”故选择B。
21.劝告和建议 Adviceandsuggestions
a.You'
dbetter…
Youshould…
Youneed（to）…
b.Shallwe…？
Let'
s…
What/Howabout…？
22.禁止和警告 Prohibitionandwarnings
a.Youcan'
t/mustn'
t…
Ifyou…,you'
ll…
b.Takecare!
Becareful!
Lookout!
Watchout!
Watchit!
Mind（out）！
23.表达感情 Expressingcertainemotions
a.喜悦 Pleasure，Joy
mglad/pleased/happyto…
snice.
swonderful/great.
b.焦虑 Anxiety
swrong?
sthematter（withyou）？
m/He'
s/She'
sworried.
Oh，whatshallI/wedo?
c.惊奇 Surprise
Really?
Ohdear!
Isthatso?
24.就餐 Takingmeals
a.Whatwouldyouliketohave?
Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat/drink?
dlike…
c.Wouldyoulikesomemore…？
Helpyourselftosome…
d.Thankyou.I'
vehadenough./Justalittle，please.
25.约会 Makingappointments
a.Areyoufreethisafternoon/evening?
Whatabouttomorrowmorning/afternoon/evening?
Shallwemeetat…?
4：
30at…？
b.Yes，that'
Yes，I'
llbefreethen.
c.No，Iwon'
tbefreethen.ButI'
llbefree…
d.Allright.Seeyouthen.
26.传递信息 Passingonamessage
a.Willyoupleasegivethisnote/messageto…？
b.…askedmetogiveyouthisnote.
c.Thanksforthemessage.
27.看病 Seeingthedoctor
a.There'
ssomethingwrongwith…
vegotacough.
Ifeelterrible（bad）.
Idon'
tfeelwell.
vegotapainhere.
Thisplacehurts.
b.Takethismedicinethreetimesaday.
Drinkplentyofwaterandhaveagoodrest.
snothingserious.
llbeallright/wellsoon.
28.求救 Callingforhelp
a.Help!
b.What'
sthematter?
29.语言困难 Languagedifficulties
Pardon?
Pleasesaythatagain/moreslowly.
Whatdoyoumeanby…？
msorryIcan'
tfollowyou.
msorryIknowonlyalittleEnglish.
30.常见标志和说明Somecommonsignsandinstructions
包括:
BUSINESSHOURS,OFFICEHOURS,OPEN,CLOSED,PULL,PUSH,ON,OFF,ENTRANCE,EXIT,INSTRUCTIONS,FRAGILE,
THISSIDEUP,MENU,NOSMOKING,NOPARKING,NOPHOTOS,DANGER!
PLAY,STOP,PAUSE。
二、难点聚焦
中考试卷多以听力题的形式考查考生对交际用语在特定语言环境下的实际运用能力。
常涉及看病、购物、问路、打电话、邀请、约会等内容，下面分别介绍几个主要话题。
Ⅰ.就医
（一）医生常用语
1.询问病情
What’sthematter（withyou）?
What’swrongwithyou?
Whatseemstobethetrouble?
Doyouhaveafever?
Howlonghaveyoufeltlikethis?
Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?
Haveyoutakenyourtemperature?
2.提出建议
It’snothingserious．
Takethismedicinethreetimesaday．
You’llbeallright／wellsoon．
（二）病人常用语
叙述病情
Ihaveaheadache／cough／fever．
Ifeelterrible／bad．
tfeelwell．
Ithurtshere．
Ican’tsleepwell．
Ⅱ.购物
（一）售货员常用语
1.招呼顾客
Can／MayIhelpyou?
WhatcanIdoforyou?
2.询问顾客需要
Howmanywouldyoulike?
（可数名词）
Howmuchwouldyoulike?
（不可数名词）
Whatcolor／size／kindwouldyoulike?
Whataboutthisone?
Here’syourchange．
（二）顾客常用语
Iwant/I'
dlikeapairofshoes.
Howmuchisit/arethey?
MayItryiton?
It’stoobig/small.
Sorry,it'
stooexpensive.
Doyouhaveanyothercolors/sizes/kinds?
Twoandahalfkilos/pounds,please.
That’sfine.I’lltakeit.
Justhavealook.
Well,I’llthinkaboutit.
III.问路
（一）问路人常用语
Excuseme.Where'
sthewashroom?
Canyoutellmehowtogettothepostoffice?
Excuseme.WhichbusgoestoWorldPark?
Excuseme.WhichisthewaytotheBankofChina?
Excuseme.Couldyoutellmethewaytothestation,please?
HowcanIgettoNo.4MiddleSchool?
CanItakeabus?
Whereisthebusstop?
（二）指路人常用语
1.指路用语
It'
soverthere.
sabout400metersfromhere.
Godownthisstreetuntilyouseethetallredbuilding.
Turnright/leftatthefirst/secondcrossing/corner.
Youcan'
tmissit.
YoucantakebusNo.103.
You’dbettertakeataxi.
2.不能指路
Sorry.Idon’tknow.I’mastrangerhere.
Ⅳ.打电话
（一）打电话人常用语
Hello!
MayIspeaktoTom?
I'
dliketospeaktoMr.Green.
IsthatLiuYingspeaking?
CanIleaveamessage?
I'
llcallbacklater/again.
llringhim/herupagain.
（二）接电话人常用语
ThisisMaryspeaking.
Hello,whoisthat?
Holdon/theline,please.
Justamoment,please.
Hello,who’sspeaking?
Sorry.He/Sheisn’thererightnow.
CanItakeamessage?
Sorry.Ican'
thearyou.
Thelineisbad/busy.
Icouldn’tgetthrough.
Sorry,I’mafraidyouhavethewrongnumber.
Ⅴ.邀请
（一）邀请人常用语
Wouldyouliketogoforawalk?
Youmustcometodinner
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