初中英语介词语法知识点总结讲义及答案Word文件下载.docx
《初中英语介词语法知识点总结讲义及答案Word文件下载.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《初中英语介词语法知识点总结讲义及答案Word文件下载.docx（15页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
Lilyoftenplaysbasketballafterschool.
单选
（）1.Whatdoyouwanttodoweekends?
A.onB.overC.toD.in（）2.Ilikeswimmingsummer.
A.onB.inC.atD.for（）3.theageof26,Lilybecameawriter.
A.OnB.InC.ToD.At
（）4.Jimlearnedtodrive___theholiday.
A.atB.duringC.toD.for
（）5.HewenttoShanghaiJuly7,2013andcameback
acoldmorninglastyear.
A.in;
onB.on;
inC.on;
onD.in;
in
（）6.Mymomoftentellsmetogobackhomedark（黄昏）.
A.afterB.toC.beforeD.for
（）7.Alotofpeoplearehere_vacationeveryyear.
A.ofB.onC.atD.with
★★
（二）地点介词
1.地点介词at,in,on
“在……”（表一个点或小地方）
athomeatMr.Cool’sClothesStore
atthepoolatCentralPark
“在……里”（表一个范围或大地方）inChinainBeijing
inthewaterinthepark
“在……上”（表一个表面，并接触）ontheflooronthewall
对比这三个句子：
Theystoodatthedoorandwaited.
他们站在门口等着。
（站在门口那个点）There’saholeinthedoor.
门上有一个洞。
（从立体的角度看门上的洞）
He’sputtingupapictureonthedoor.
他正在把一幅画贴到门上。
（贴在门那个面上）
2.
表两地关系的方位介词in,on,to
AisthewestofB.AisthewestofB.AisthewestofB.
在某一范围之内
GuangdongisinthesouthofChina.
与某地是毗邻关系
Vietnam（越南）isonthesouthofChina.
to:
在某一范围之外（不接壤）JapanistotheeastofChina.
用in,on,to填空
1.HebeiisthenorthofGuangdong.
2.HebeiisthenorthofHenan.
3.HebeiisthenorthofChina.
4.SouthKorea（韩国）istheeastofChina.
5.HainanisthesouthofChina.
3.
在前面、在后面
在外部前面：
infrontof（=before）
在内部前面：
inthefrontof
在外部后面：
behind
在内部后面：
atthebackof
Eg:
Apersonisinfrontofthebus.
4.在上面:
on（接触）:
Mybookisonthetable.
over（正上）:
Thereisalightoverthedesk.above（泛指）:
Weareflyingabovetheclouds.在下面:
beneath（接触）:
Hispenisbeneaththebook.under（正下）:
Aboyisstandingunderthetree.below（泛指）:
Thecoatreachesbelowtheknees.
5.在中间：
between（在两者之间）（指地点或时间）LucyisbetweenMaryandKate.
Don’teatbetweenmeals.among（在三者或以上中间）
Lucyisamongthesegirls.
Thereisahouseamongthetrees.
6.穿过：
across:
从……表面穿过
Hewalkedacrosstheroad.Hecanswimacrosstheriver.
through:
从……中间穿过
Theywalkedthroughtheforest.
Ihavetogothroughthecrowd（人群）.
7.在旁边：
nextto&
beside&
by
Lilyissittingnexttothewindow.Lilyissittingbesidethewindow.Lilyissittingbythewindow.
地点介词小结：
1.地点介词：
at,in,on
2.表两地关系的方位介词：
in,on,to
3.在前/后面：
infrontof,inthefrontof,behind,atthebackof
4.在上/下面：
on,over,above,beneath,under,below
between,among
across,through
nextto/beside/by
（）1.Walkdownthisstreet.You’llfindtheschoolthebank.
A.infrontofB.inthefrontof
C.inbackofD.atthebackof（）2.—Wheredoyousit,Jane?
—IsitLinda.Sheisjustonmyleft.
A.nexttoB.infrontof
C.behindD.among
（）3.Theaccidenthappened_7p.m.9p.m.
A.from;
toB.between;
to
C.from;
andD.between;
and
（）4.Wecanseeariverrunningtotheeastthehill.
A.inB.belowC.overD.under
（）5.Themoonlightgoes__thewindowandmakestheroombright.
A.acrossB.overC.throughD.in
★★（三）其他介词
1.with&
without
with：
和……一起；
带有；
用Sheliveswithherparents.
Thisisahousewithbigwindows.Cutitwithaknife.
without:
没有
Thefishcan’tlivewithoutwater.
Hewenttoschoolwithoutbreakfast.
2.表“使用”时in,with,by的区别
in：
用语言
LiLeicansingthissonginEnglish.CanyoutellmethestoryinChinese?
用具体有形的东西
Cutitwithaknife.
Hebrokethewindowwithastone.
by：
用……手段或方式
Hemakesalivingbyteaching.
Lucymadehersisterhappybysinging.
3.from“从……”
和to连用时，表“从……到……”，既可以表时间，也可以表地点。
Theshopisopenfrom8:
00to20:
00.HedrovefromBeijingtoZhengzhou.常用短语：
be/comefrom来自……
learnfrom向……学习
buy…from从……买…
4.to“到；
朝向”
Hewalkstoschool.
Iamonthewaytothesupermarket.
常用短语：
listento听……
talkto跟……说话
writeto给……写信
taketo/bringto带到……去/带到……来
5.like“像；
如同”What’stheweatherlike?
Whatdoeshelooklike?
soundlike听起来像……
looklike看起来像……
belike（内外）像……
其他介词小结：
用
2.表“使用”时in,with,by的区别in：
用语言with：
5.like“像；
如同”
（）1.Themanabignoseisourmathteacher.
A.inB.withC.haveD.has（）2.Hesatthereforalongtimedoinganything.
A.withoutB.noC.notD.to
（）3.LiPingoftenpracticesEnglishchatting（聊天）withherAmericanfriends.
A.inB.withC.byD.for
（）4.TonyandIaregoodfriends.Weusuallylearnaloteachother.
A.ofB.fromC.acrossD.with（）5.Heworkseightinthemorningeightat
night.Soheisverytiredeveryday.
toB.from;
atC.between;
toD.at;
to（）6.ShelooksmyEnglishteacher.
A.toB.withC.likeD.from
三、介词搭配以及所作成分
（一）介词+名词
inspringonvacationatnight
此类型短语在句中可作：
1.（后置）定语：
ThenewsonTVtodayisexciting.
2.表语：
Mysisterisathome.
3.状语：
Lilyoftengetsupat6:
00a.m.（时间状语）HeworkedinChinalastyear.（地点状语）Tomgoestoschoolbybike.（方式状语）
（二）动词+介词
comefromlistentolooklike
谓语：
DavidcomesfromtheUSA.Sheislookingforherpen.
Iwrotetomyfriendyesterday.
（三）be+形容词+介词
beinterestedinbegoodatbestrictwithbelatefor
IaminterestedinEnglish.Aliceisgoodatdancing.Ourteacherisstrictwithus.
四、课堂检测
一、单选
（）1.Heoftengoesschoolhalfpastsixthemorning.
A.for;
to;
inB.to;
at;
C.to;
for;
atD.for;
（）2.Myparentsusuallytakeawalkdinnertokeephealthy.
A.atB.ofC.duringD.after（）3.Wesleepthenightandworkintheday.
A.onB.atC.duringD.for
（）4.AmericaisthesouthofCanadaand_theeastofJapan.
A.to;
inB.on;
toC.on;
beside（）5.—Whatdoyouoftendo_classestorelaxyourself?
—Listentomusic.
A.overB.amongC.betweenD.through
（）6.Hisgradeintheexamputhimthetopstudentsinhisclass.
A.betweenB.overC.amongD.above
（）7.Theyoungmenwalked_theforestandcametoabigriveratlast.
A.throughB.acrossC.overD.on（）8.Becarefulwhenyouwalkthestreet.
A.throughB.acrossC.underD.over（）9.—Whyareyoustandingthere,Lucy?
—Ican’tseetheblackboardclearly.Twotallboysaresittingme.
A.behindB.infrontof
C.besideD.nextto（）10.Thepayphoneisthelibrary.
A.nextB.acrossC.betweenD.behind（）11.Thereisabridgetheriver.
A.onB.underC.overD.in
（）12.Wecouldn’tfinishourworksoearlyyourhelp.
A.withoutB.withC.forD.by
（）13.Nextthehotelisabighouseabeautifulgarden.
A./;
andB.with;
toC.with;
andD.to;
with
（）14.SheisLondon.Shelikesbreadbreakfast.
forB.to;
toC.of;
forD.from;
to（）15.JaneandMariaaregoingBeijingtomorrow.
A.inB.toC.ofD.with（）16.—What’syourteacher__?
—Sheisalwaysstrictus.
A.like;
inB.like;
C.look;
toD.look;
with（）17.—Howdoyoustudyforatest?
—workingwithfriends.
A.ByB.WithC.OnD.In
二、填空
18.Fruitandvegetablesaregoodourhealth.
19.Hewonthe2012NobelPrizetheageof57.
20.Theworkersbuiltanewrailroadthetwocities.
21.HearrivedBeijingarainymorning.
22.Icouldn’tdoityourgreathelp.Thanksalot!
三、用介词短语进行翻译
23.在冬天
24.在暑假期间
25.在这些男孩中
26.一杯加糖的牛奶
27.穿过窗户四、翻译句子
28.黑板在教室的前边。
29.他每天通过跑步来锻炼身体。
30.咱们去帮助那位老人过马路吧！
【参考答案】
（一）时间介词
季节；
世纪on:
节假日at:
年龄；
固定搭配单选：
1—5：
ABDBC6—7:
CB
（二）地点介词
2.表两地关系的方位介词in,on,to
in;
on;
用in,on,to填空：
in;
单选：
AADBC
（三）其他介词
1—6：
BACBAC四、课堂检测
一、
BDCBC6—10：
CABBD
11—15：
CADAB16—17：
BA
二、
18.for19.at20.between
21.in;
on22.without
三、
23.inwinter24.duringthesummervacation
25.amongtheseboys26.aglassofmilkwithsugar
27.throughthewindow
四、
28.Theblackboardisinthefrontoftheclassroom.
29.Heexercisesbyrunningeveryday.
30.Let’shelpthatoldmangoacrosstheroad!
介词拔高课（作业）
（）1.Youshouldwashyourhandseatingfood.
A.afterB.beforeC.duringD.in（）2.Thereisapostofficethebank.
A.nextB.inthefrontC.atbackofD.beside（）3.Johndoeshisexercisesseventheevening.
A.on;
toB.at;
inC.by;
ofD.at;
on
（）4.Childrenwakeup（醒来）veryearlythemorningofChristmasDay.
A.inB.onC.forD.at（）5.Hestudieshardschoolandhewantstostudy
Americasomeday.
inB.at;
inC.at;
atD.in;
（）6.Mr.Wangarrived_No.3MiddleSchoolhalfanhourago.
A.atB.inC.toD./（）7.AmericaliestheeastofChina.
A.onB.toC.inD.with
（）8.JiangsuistheeastofChina,butJapanistheeastofChina.
inB.in;
toC.on;
toD.to;
on（）9.Theriverrunsthecity.
A.acrossB.throughC.overD.from（）10.Twoplanesareflyingthecity.
A.throughB.overC.onD.below
（）11.Thepolicestationistheclothingshopthepostoffice.
A.near;
ofB.on;
right
C.among;
（）12.—Wouldyoupleaseshowmethewaythebank?
—Yes,gostraightahead.It’soppositeaschool.
A.inB.forC.withD.to
（）13.Chinesedoctorsbelievethatweshouldeatmoreyinf
升级会员 