专四语法第7节情态助动词0317013124Word格式文档下载.docx
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They'
vechangedthetimetable,sowecangobybusinstead.Thishallcanhold500peopleatleast.
4）表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中Canthisbetrue
Thiscan'
tbedonebyhim.
Howcanthisbetruemay/might
1）表示请求和允许（Permission）。
might比may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。
否定回答时可用can'
t或mustn'
t，表示“不可以，禁止”。
Might/MayIsmokeinthisroom
No,youmustn'
t.
May/MightItakethisbookoutoftheroom
Yes,youcan.（No,youca'
nt/mustn'
t.）
用MayI...征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用CanI...在口语中更常见。
2）表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）（Possibility）。
might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。
Hemay/mightbeverybusynow.
Yourmothermay/mightnotknowthetruth.
3）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。
Mayyousucceed!
4）may/might...aswell表示“不妨，还是...的好”,也可以写作may/mightaswell.Sinceitisraininghard,youmayaswellstayhere.
will,would
1）用于第二人称疑问句中，表示请求、建议等，would更委婉，不表时态。
Will/Wouldyoupassmetheball,please
2）表示意愿（Willingness）、意图（Intention）、决心（Determination）、承诺（Promise）等，可用于各种人称。
Iwillneverdothatagain.
Theyaskedhimifhewouldgoabroad.
3）would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。
would表示过去习惯时比usedto正式，且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。
Duringthevacation,hewouldvisitmeeveryotherday.
Thewoundwouldnotheal.
4）表示估计和猜想。
Itwouldbeaboutteno'
clockwhenshelefthome.
shall
1）shall用于第一人称，征求对方的意见。
Whatshallwedothisevening
2）shall用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁
Youshallfailifyoudon'
tworkhard.（警告）
HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishit.允诺）
Heshallbepunished.威胁）
should,oughtto
1）should,oughtto表示“应该”，oughtto表示义务或责任，比should语气重。
Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble.
Yououghttotakecareofthebaby.
2）表示劝告、建议和命令。
should,oughtto可通用，但在疑问句中常用should
Youshould/oughttogotoclassrightaway.
ShouldIopenthewindow
3）表示推测should,oughtto（客观推测）,must（主观推测）。
Hemustbehomebynow.（断定他已到家）
Heoughtto/shouldbehomebynow.（不太肯定）
Thisiswheretheoilmustbe.直爽）
Thisiswheretheoiloughtto/shouldbe.（含蓄）
Uncertainmight
may
could
can
should
oughtto
would
will
Certainmustmust,haveto
1）表示必须、必要。
Youmustcomeintime.
在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn'
t（禁止，不准），而用needn'
t,don'
thaveto（不必）.
Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday
Yes,youmust.
No,youdon'
thaveto/youneedn'
2）must是说话人的主观看法，而haveto则强调客观需要。
Must只有一般
现在时，haveto有更多的时态形式。
Heplayisn'
tinteresting,Ireallymustgonow.
IhadtoworkwhenIwasyourage.
3）表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句）
You'
reTom'
sgoodfriend,soyoumustknowwhathelikesbest.Yourmothermustbewaitingforyounow.
dare,need
1）dare作情态动词用时，常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，过去式形式为dared。
HowdareyousayI'
munfair
Hedaren'
tspeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,darehe
Ifwedarednotgotherethatday，wecouldn'
tgetthebeautifulflowers.
2）need作情态动词用时,常用于疑问句、否定句。
在肯定句中一般用must,haveto,oughtto,should代替。
Youneedn'
tcomesoearly.
NeedIfinishtheworktoday
Yes,youmust./No,youneedn'
t.
3）dare和need作实义动词用时，有人称、时态和数的变化。
在肯定句中，dare后面常接带to的不定式。
在疑问句和否定句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。
而need后面只能接带to的不定式。
Idaretoswimacrossthisriver.
Hedoesn'
tdare（to）answer.
Heneedstofinishhishomeworktoday.
情态动词+不定式完成式（havedone）
1）can/could+havedone在肯定句中表示“本来可以做而实际上能做某事”，是虚拟语气；
在疑问句或否定句中表示对过去行为的怀疑或不肯定,表示推测。
Youcouldhavedonebetter,butyoudidn'
ttryyourbest.（虚拟语气）
Hecan'
thavebeentothattown.（推测）
Canhehavegotthebook（推测）
2）may/might+不定式完成式（havedone）表示对过去行为的推测。
不能用于疑问句中，没有虚拟语气的用法。
Might
所表示的可能性比may小。
Hemaynothavefinishedthework.
Ifwehadtakentheotherroad,wemighthavearrivedearlier.
3）must+不定式完成式（havedone）用于肯定句中，表示对过去行为的推测。
意为“一定、想必”。
其疑问、否
定形式用can，can'
t代替。
参看1）can/could+havedone表示推测。
YoumusthaveseenthefilmTitanic.
HemusthavebeentoShanghai.
4）should+不定式完成式（havedone）用于肯定句中，表示对过去行为的推测。
Heshouldhavefinishedtheworkbynow。
表示“本应该做而实际上没有做某事”，其否定式表示某种行为本不该发生却发生了
可以与oughtto+不定式完成式（havedone）互换。
Yououghtto/shouldhavehelpedhim.（butyoudidn'
t.）
Sheshouldn'
thavetakenawaymymeasuringtape,forIwantedtouseit.
5）needn'
t+不定式完成式（havedone）表示“本来不必做而实际上做了某事”。
Youneedn'
thavewateredtheflowers,foritisgoingtorain.
6）will+不定式完成式（havedone）主要用于第二、三人称，表示对已完成的动作或事态的推测。
Hewillhavearrivedbynow.
情态助动词专四真题模拟题
Amongthefoursentencesbelow,Sentenceexpressesthehighestdegreeof
possibility.
A.Itmaytakealongtimetofindasolutiontotheproblem.
B.Itmighttakealongtimetofindasolutiontotheproblem.
C.Itcouldtakealongtimetofindasolutiontotheproblem.
D.Itshouldtakealongtimetofindasolutiontotheproblem.
WhichofthefollowingitalicizedwordsdoesNOTindicatewillingness
A.Whatwillyoudowhenyougraduate
B.Theywillbehomebynow.
C.Whowillgowithme
D.Whywillyougotherealone
Whenthesentence“ShallIdriveyoutotheairportfirst”isturnedintoindirect
speech,whichofthefollowingismostappropriate
Heagreedtodrivemetotheairportfirst.
B.Heofferedtodrivemetotheairportfirst.
C.Headvisedmetogototheairportfirst.
D.HesuggestedthatIdrivetotheairportfirst.
WhichofthefollowingsentencesindicatesPOSSIBILITY
A.Themooncannotalwaysbeatthefull.
B.Youcannotsmokeinsidethebuilding.
C.Hecannotcometoday.
D.Shecannotplaythepiano.
Whichofthefollowingsentencesafact
Aren'
tyoutiredI
A.shouldhavethoughtC.mighthavethought
A.Maryandhersonmustbehomebynow.
B.Carelessreadingmustgivepoorresults.
C.Hemustbeworkinglateattheoffice.
D．It'
sgettinglate,andImustleavenow.
Whichofthefollowingbestexplainsthemeaningof"
ShallwebuytheticketsfirstA．Hesaidthatweweregoingtobuytheticketsfirst．
B．Herequestedthatwebuytheticketsfirst．
C．Hesuggestedthatwebuytheticketsfirst．
D．Headvisedustobuytheticketsfirst．
WhichofthefollowingsentencesexpressesWILLINGNESS
A．Bynowshewillbeeatingdinner．
B．Ishallneverdothatagain．
C．Mybrotherwillhelpyouwiththeluggage．
D．Youshallgetapromotion．
ThesentencethatexpressesOFFERis.
A.I'
llgetsomedrinks.What'
llyouhave
B.Doessheneedtobookaticketnow
C.MayIknowyourname
D.Canyoureturnthebooknextweek
Nancy'
sgonetoworkbuthercar'
sstillthere.Shebybus.
A.musthavegoneB.shouldhavegone
C.oughttohavegoneD.couldhavegoneyouhaddeonenoughfortoday.
B.
musthavethought
D.couldhavethought
Whichofthefollowingsentencesexpresses"
probability"
A.Youmustleaveimmediately.
B.Youmustbefeelingrathertired.
C.Youmustbeherebyeighto'
clock.
D.Youmustcompletethereadingassignmentontime.
A.mustbe
C.couldbe
B.hadbeen
D.musthavebeen
Itoldmyfriend.D.can
Youborrowmynotesprovidedyoutakecareofthem,
A.couldB.shouldC.must
Iamsurprised__thiscityisadullplacetolivein.thatyoushouldthinkB.bywhatyouarethinking
C.thatyouwouldthinkD.withwhatyouwerethinking
Loudspeakerswerefixedinthehallsothateveryone__anopportunitytohearthespeech.
A.oughttohaveB.musthave
C.mayhaveD.shouldhave
Youarkanythingaboutit.Itwasnoneofhisbusiness.
needn‘thavetoldb.needn'
ttelc.mustn'
thavetoldd.mustn'
ttell
Heunwisely,buthewasatleasttryingtodosomethinghelpful.
a.mayhaveactedb.musthaveactedc.shouldactd.wouldact
Themeeting'
sbeencanceled.Annallthatwork.
a.needtodob.needhavec.needn'
thavedoned.needednottodo
“Shemustbeinthedormitorynow.”“No,shebethere.Isawherinthe
classroomaminuteago.”
a.mustn'
tb.can'
tc.couldn'
td.wouldn'
t
Hethe8:
20busbecausehedidn'
tleavehometill8:
25.
b.oughttohavecaught
d.mustnothavecaught
a.couldn'
thavecaughtc.shouldn'
thavecaught
Thedoorwasopen”It“open.Ihadlockeditmyselfandthekeywasin
mypocket.”
A.can'
tbeB.mustntbe
C.canthavebeenD.mustn'
thavebeen
Sincetheweatherisfinewewalkforawhile.
mayB.mustC.mightaswellD.will
Ifyourcaranyattentionduringthefirst12months,takeittoanauthorizeddealer.
A.shallneedB.shouldneed
C.wouldneedD.willneed
Asitturnedouttobeasmallhouseparty,wesoformally.
a.neednothavedressedupb.mustnothavedressedup
c.didnotneedtodressupd.mustnotdressup
WhichofthefollowingsentenceexpressWILLINGNESS
A.Bynowshewillbeeatingdin
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