信息系统外文文献及译文Word文档下载推荐.docx
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邵亚雯学号:
*********
系部:
经济管理学院
专业:
信息管理与信息系统
题目:
社区自助歌曲点播平台的开发与设计
指导者:
金卫健讲师
2010年4月
InformationTechnologySupportSystemofSupplyChainManagement
HUAJIANG,JINGYANG
SchoolofEconomyandManagement;
SchoolofKeXin
HeBeiuniversityofengeneering
HanDan056038
CHINA
Abstract:
-Effectivesupplychainmanagementisbuiltonthebasisofthehighqualityofinformationtransmissionandsharing,Thiswillrelyheavilyoninformationtechnologytoprovidereliablesupport.Inthispaper,againstthecharacteristicsofthesupplychaininformationflow,discusstheimpactofinformationtechnologyonsupplychainmanagementandsupportsystemwhichinformationtechnologyforminthesupplychainmanagement.
Key-Words:
-Supplychainmanagement;
Informationtechnology;
SupportSystem;
Informationflow;
Supplychain;
Information
1Introduction
SupplyChainManagement(SCM)riseisattributedtoenterprisestryingtoeliminateproductionandinventoryplansmisleadingasinformationslowtransmissionorerrors.In1990s,someofcomputermanufacturerssuchasHP,orP&
Gwhichproducthouseholdappliancesbeginintegrateinformationsystemsofdown-upstream,hopetoarchievepurposesforrapidresponsiontothedemandofmarketandlowerinventorybycorrectandrapidtransmission,analysisandintegrationofinformation.Therefore,effectivesupplychainmanagementisbuiltonthebasisofthehighqualityofinformationtransmissionandsharing,Thiswillrelyheavilyoninformationtechnologytoprovidereliablesupport.
Intoday'
sage,informationhasbecomeakeyfactorinthedecisiontothesurvivalanddevelopmentofenterprises,anybusinessmustfacetheissueofhowtointegrateinformation.Informationisfromboththeverticalinformationoftheupstreamanddownstreamfirmsandthehorizontalinformationoftheinternalenterprise,aswellasinformationofthemacrolevel.Howtotransmitandshareinformation,tocoordinateeconomicbehavioroftheupstreamanddownstreamenterprisesandfunctionalbehaviorofinteralenterprisewhichisthecorequestionssupplychainmanagementistodealwith.Comparedwiththeindividualenterprises,supplychainasanextendedenterprise,showsowncharacteristicsbyitswayofinformationflowandacquisition.
2TheCharacteristicsoftheSupplyChainInformationFlow
2.1Widecoverage
Theinformationofthesupplychaincoversfromalllinksofsuppliers,manufacturerstodistributorsandthenretailersinthesupplychain.Informationflowdistinctintoinformationflowofdemandandsupply,thesearetwodifferentflowsofinformationflow.Whendemandinformation(suchascustomerorders,productionplanning,procurement,etc.)takesdirectionfromthedemand-sidetothesupply-sidemovement,ittriggeredlogistics.Meanwhilesupplyinformation(suchasstoragelists,theinventoryrecordsforsales,deliverlists),togetheragainalongwithmaterialsforthedirectionofthesupplychainfromsupply-sidetodemand-sidemovement.TheinformationflowofindividualenterprisesmainlyconfinedtotheinternalInvoicingrecords(seefigure1).
2.2Moreaccesschannels
Asbusinessesinthesupplychainisacollaborationrelationshipandcommunityinterests,informationofthesupplychainhavesomanychannelstoobtain.demandinformationisn’tonlyfromthecustomersbutalsodistributorsandretailers;
thesupplyInformationisfromvarioussuppliers,Theseinformationflowandshareinallenterprisesthroughthesupplychaininformationsystems.Forindividualenterprises,asithaven’tformedtheCommunityinterestswithupstreamanddownstreambusinesses,soitistotallydependentonowncollection.
2.3High-qualityinformation
Becauseofspecialization,thequalityofthesupplychainwassuperiortotheinformationofthesingleenterprise,Forexample,distributorsandretailerscanbespecificallyresponsibleforthecollectionofdemondinformation,thesupplierswillcollectsupplyinformation,Productmanufacturerscollectinformationofproducts.
3InformationTechnologyandSupplyChainManagement
Thedevelopmentofinformationtechnologyprovidesaneffectivesupporttosupplychainmanagement.Aboutsomeissueshowtothankoftheimpactofinformationtechnologyonsupplychainmanagement,andhowtouseinformationtechnologyinsupplychainmanagement,andsoon,throughstudies,itbasicallycanbesummedupinthreeaspects:
3.1Enhancethesharingofinformationonthesupplychaincaneffectivelyimprovesupplychainmanagement
Whenmembersofthesupplychainbasedonlyoninformationfromneighbormemberoflowerlevelstomakedecision,thesystemwillhaveaphenomenonofmagnificationofdemand.Thereasonforthissituationisnottheirrationalofallmembers,butrationaldecision-makingintheactualcircumstancesofunclearinformation,includeddemandforecastintheunbalanceddemand,increasingordersintheexpectedshortage,increasingEOQforthefixedorderscostsandeffectsofbatch.Theoccurrenceofthisphenomenonwillhaveanegativeimpactonallmembersofthesupplychain.Toeliminateorcontainthisphenomenon,withinthescopeofthesupplychain,wecantakeappropriatecountermeasures,suchastostrengtheninformationsharing,shortenthedelaytime,coordinatepurchasingandsimplifymarketingbehaviorandsoon.
3.2Thedevelopmentofinformationtechnologyenhancesinternalcollaborationinthesupplychain
Thedevelopmentofinformationtechnologymakesenterprisesmoreaccessibletouseinformationtechnologytoexchangeandcollaboratewithothermembersofandsupplychain,thereforetheusecostsrelativelylower,sothatenterprisescanchoosemoresuppliestogetcheapersupplyandservicesinthesamelevelofinformationusecosts.Inotherwords,therelationshipbetweenenterprisesandtheirsupplierswilllikelybecomeunreliableandunstable,butthenumberofsupplierswhichsuccessfulenterpriseschoosedon’tincrease,butreduce.Infact,"
betweenenterprisesandtheirsuppliersandcustomers,itisnecessarytoestablishacollaborativerelationship"
thatithasaclearrequirementintheJIT,itjusthasnotbeengivensufficientattention.
3.3Thedevelopmentofinformationtechnologycanhelptobuildamoreperfectuserdemandmodel
Theend-userisanimportantcomponentofthesupplychain,theresponsesituationtocustomerdemandisaveryimportantsupplychainmanagementevaluation.Bettergrasppingthedemandsofusersisthebasisofsupplychainmanagement.Manyarticlesusedsimilarassumptionforavarietyofneedsanddistribution,butdemandisrandom,itsreleaseisnotasidealaswegenerallyassumed.Therefore,itisnecessarytoconsiderthedemandforecastinthesupplychaininventorycontrolproblems,choosedifferentmodelaccordingtodifferentcircumstances,establishanappropriatedemandmodel.
4InformationTechnologySupportSystemofSupplyChainManagement
Theestablishmentofthesupplychaininformationsystemsneedsalargenumberofinformationtechnologytosupport,wediscussinformationtechnologysupportsystemintheformingofsupplychainmanagementfromthemainareasofsupplychainmanagement.
Themainareasofsupplychainmanagementinvolved:
products(services)design,manufacturing,marketing,customerservice,logisticsandsoon.Itisasynchronized,integratedproductionplanasaguide,throughusedifferenttypesofinformationtechnologytoimprovetheperformanceintheseareas(seefigure2).
Informationtechnologytosupportthesupplychaincanbedividedintotwolevels.
4.1Thefirstlevel
Thefirstleveliscomponentwithtechnologyofidentificationcode,automaticidentificationanddatacollectiontechnology,electronicdatainterchangetechnology,InformationtechnologyonthebasisofInternettechnology.
4.1.1TechnologyofIdentificationCodes
Aunifiedinformationcodingisthebasisoftheexchangeandsharingofdataamongsupplychaintradingpartners.Withoutit,automaticidentificationtechnologyandelectronicdatainterchange(EDI)cannotberealized.Throughstandardizationtechnologyofinformationcodingappliedtothesupplychainmanagementsystem,itisrealizedthatautomateddatacollectionintheactivitiesofsupplychainsystemsandexchangeofdataandsharingofresourcesbetweensystems.Itcanpromotetheefficientfunctioningofthesupplychainactivities.
4.1.2AutomaticIdentificationandDataCollectionTechnology
Automaticidentificationanddatacollection(AIDC)hasbecometheidealtechnologyofdealingwiththelogisticsinformationinprocesstosupplychainmanagement.Throughautomaticidentificationtechnology,automaticdataidentificationanddatacollection,itisensuredthatHigh-speedandaccuratedataacquisitionandreal-timecontrolinthelinksofsupplychain.Atpresent,inthesupplychainmanagement,themostcommonlyAIDCtechnologyisbarcodetechnologyandradiofrequencyidentificationtechnology.Barcodetechnologycanfacilitatethetimelycapturetheneedsoftheconsumer,improvesalesresults,astakeplaceimmediatelyautomaticretrievalofinformationintheactivities.Barcodealternativekeyboardinputandimprovetheaccuracyofdatacollection,theapplicationoftechnologysolvethe"
bottleneck"
problemsofthedataentryanddatacollection.
RadioFrequencyIdentification(RFID)technologyisarelativelynewautomaticidentificationtechnology.RFIDtechnologycanbecharacterizedasnon-contactidentification(identificationdistancefromafewcentimeterstotensofmeters),identificationofhigh-speedmovingobjects,resistanceofharshenvironment,secrecy,itcanalsoidentifyanumberofidentifi