《英语教学法教程》Word文档格式.docx

《英语教学法教程》Word文档格式.docx

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Itfocusesontheteachingoflanguagecomponents;

thatis,pronunciation,vocabularyandgrammar.

Italsofocusesontheteachingofthefourlanguageskills;

thatis,listening,speaking,readingandwriting.

Itshowshowtheselanguagecomponentsandskillsaretaughtandpracticedinandoutoftheclassroom.

Itisaboutlanguageassessment

Itintroducestheusersofthebooktotheevaluation,selectionandadaptationoftextbooksandsoon.

Italsoshowshowteacherswillbeabletointegratetheseareas,languagecomponentsandtheteachingofthefourlanguageskills（orfive:

plustranslation）.

Question2:

Whyareourchildren/peoplelearningEnglish?

Theyhavetopasstheexaminations.

Theycanhelpforeignvisitors.

It’snecessaryiftheywanttoenteruniversity.

Learningaforeignlanguageisanintellectualchallenge.

Theycanusecomputersmoreeasily.

Theyneedtokeepintouchwithwhatisgoingonintheirprofessionworldwide.

Englishwillbeveryimportanttogetajobintrade.

Englishwillbeusefulforthemtotravelabroad.

TheywillbeabletoreadandlistentoinEnglish.Thiscanimprovetheirknowledgeoftheworld.

Ofcourse,therearenorightorwronganswers.ButwhattheyaredoingintheEnglishclassisgainingskillsthatmighthelptheminlife.

Question3:

Howdo/didyoustudyEnglish?

Differentstudentsstudyindifferentways.

AllroadsleadtoRome/English.

Question4:

HowwasEnglishtaughtinthepast?

Thefollowingquestionsmayhelpyoutoanswertheformerquestion.

Whathappenedatthebeginningofeachlesson?

Howdidyouhavetoprepareforthelesson?

Howdidyoufeelduringyourlesson?

Whatstepdidtheteacherfollow?

Whatdidyou&

theteacherdoinclass?

Howmuchhomeworkdidyouhave?

Whatdidyouenjoymostaboutyourclasses?

Hereissomethingthatyoushouldalwayskeepinmindasateacher:

Yourrelationshipwithyourstudentsandwiththesubjectyouareteachingwillalwayshaveanimportanteffectonthestudentslearning.

Question5

Whatislanguage?

Languageisameansofcommunicationwithotherpeople.

Question6:

Sowhatistheaimorpurposeoflanguageteaching?

Communication.

Question7:

Howmanylanguageteachingmethodsorapproachesdoyouknow?

thegrammar-translationmethod

thedirectmethod

theaudio-lingualmethod

thesituationallanguageteaching

thecognitiveapproach

thesilentway

thetotalphysicalresponsemethod

thecommunicativeapproach

thenaturalapproach

thefunctional-notionalmethod,etc.

II.CurrentTeachingMethodsandApproaches

IncurrentlanguageclassesinChina,itisverypopulartoapplythefollowingteachingmethods,whicharemorepopularandpractical:

1.Theobjectiveteachingmethod

It’s3keyelements:

TeachingObjectives,objectiveactivitiesandteachingevaluation.

2.Five-stepTeachingMethod

（1）Revision

（2）Presentation（3）Drill（4）Practice（5）Consolidation

Eachclasscontainsatleast3parts:

● 

Reviewlearnedlanguagematerials

Teachnewlanguagecomponents:

phonetics,vocabularyand

grammar.

Carryoutvariousformsof4skills’activities.

3.TheIntegralTeachingMethod

Itisquitesimilartothecommunicativeapproach,whichwillbediscussedindetailandfullyinUnit2.

Question8:

Whatisagoodlanguageteacher?

AgoodEnglishteachershouldhave（strong）ethicdevotion,（certaindesirable）personalstyleand（necessary）professionalqualities.

E.D.

P.S. 

P.Q.

Question9:

Howcanyoubecomeagoodlanguageteacher?

Languagetraining:

asoundcommandofEnglish

Learnfromothers’experience

Learnreceivedknowledge,suchaslanguagetheories,methodology,education,psychology,etc.

Learnfromone’sownexperience

Practicemakesperfect

Keeponreflectingonwork,etc.

III.TheEvaluationofaTeacherinSchool

Moralcharacter

Ability

Workattendance

Achievement

Andsomeothersocialelements:

AformulathatmaymakeaVIT（veryimportantteacher）:

IQ＋EQ=VIT/VIP

IV.FourBasicSkills/AbilitiesofaTeacher

1.Lessonplanning（Preparelessonscreativelyandimaginatively）

2.Lessonpresenting（Presentlessonspracticallyandtheoretically）

3.Lessonteaching（Teachlessonseffectivelyandefficiently）

4.Lessonassessing（Assesslessonsobjectivelyandimpartially）

Thatistosay,first,prepareyourlessonwell;

second,makeclearaboutyourlessontoothers;

third,carryoutyourlessonplanwellandfourthevaluateyourlessonappropriately.

V.Consideration

Whathaveyoulearnedinthislecture?

Whatcanbethemostusefultoyou?

Whatdoyouthinkyoucanapplytoyourteaching?

Howwillyouintendtodealwiththeproblemsifyouhaveanyinthiscourse?

Whatproblemsdoyouthinkyouwillmeetwithinyourteaching?

Andhowwillyoudealwiththem?

VI.Generalassignmentforthiscourse:

Beclearabouthowtoprepare,teach,presentandevaluatealesson,andprepareforthefinalexam.

Unit1LanguageandLearning

1.1Question1

Whatisthechallengethelanguage

teacherisconfrontedwith?

Learners:

Differentreasons/ways/understanding/

capabilities/Differentlanguagelevels

Thechallengethatthelanguageteacherisconfrontedwithishowteachingmethodologycancaterforlearnerswhohavemoredifferencesthancommonalities.

1.2Question2

Whatisthequestionthatallapproachesoflanguageteachingshouldanswer?

Thequestionis“Whatislanguage?

”

Question3

Whatarethethreedifferentviewsoflanguagethatlanguageteachingandlearningpracticehavebeeninfluencedby?

Theyarethestructuralview,thefunctionalviewandtheinteractionalview.

Question4

Howdoesthestructuralviewseelanguage?

Howdoesthefunctionalviewseelanguage?

Howdoestheinteractionalviewseelanguage?

Thestructuralviewseeslanguageasalinguisticsystemmadeupofvarioussubsystems.Tolearnalanguagemeanstolearnthesestructuralitemssoastobeabletounderstandandproducelanguage.

Thefunctionalviewseeslanguageasalinguisticsystembutalsoasameansofdoingthings.Learnerslearn 

alanguageinordertobeabletodothingswithfunctionalactivities.

Theinteractionalviewconsiderslanguageasacommunicativetool,whosemainuseistobuildupandmaintainsocialrelationsbetweenpeople.Thelearnerhastostudythepatternsandrulesoflanguageabovethesentenceleveltolearnhowlanguageisusedindifferentspeechcontext.

1.3 

Question5

Thelanguagelearningtheoryunderliesateachingapproachormethod.Thistheorycanbebroadlydividedintotwokinds:

WhatareProcess-orientedtheoriesconcernedwith?

→

Howthemindprocessesnewinformation.

WhatdoCondition-orientedtheoriesemphasize?

→

Thenatureofthehumanandphysicalcontextinwhichlanguagelearningtakesplace.

Question6

Whatisthebehavioristtheoryoflanguagelearning?

BehavioralpsychologistSkinner,basedonthetheoryofconditioning,suggestedlanguageisalsoaformofbehavior.Itcanbelearnedinthesamewayasananimalistrainedtorespondtostimuli.Thistheoryoflearningisreferredtoasbehaviorism,whichhasthreemajorstages,“stimulus,response,andreinforcement（Harmer）”.Theideaofthismethodisthatlanguageislearnedbyconstantrepetitionandthereinforcementoftheteacher（e.g.:

theaudio-lingualmethod.）

WhatistheCognitivetheoryoflanguagelearning?

Thetermcognitivismisoftenusedlooselytodescribemethodsinwhichstudentsareaskedtothinkratherthansimplyrepeat.ThekeypointofChomsky’stheoryisreflectedinhismostfamousquestion:

ifalllanguageislearnedbehavior,howcanachildproduceasentencethathasneverbeensaidbyothersbefore?

Solanguageisnotaformofbehavior,itisanintricaterule-basedsystemandalargepartoflanguageacquisitionisthelearningofthissystem.

CanapersonwhoseEnglishisverygoodbecomeaqualifiedteacher?

1.4Question7

Howmanygroupsofelementscancontributetothequalitiesofagoodlanguageteacher?

And 

whatarethey?

3groups:

ethicdevotion,professionalqualitiesandpersonalstyles

（Moreadjectives:

E.DGroup:

co-operative,responsible,devotional,diligent,dood-conducting,faithful,honest,frank…

P.SGroup:

communicativesociable,imaginative,tidyandneat,active,good-tempered,friendly,graceful（handsome）...

P.QGroup:

knowledgeable,stimulating,inspiring,observant,skillful,equal,experienced…

1.5Question8

Howmanystagesdoesthedevelopmentofprofessionalcompetenceforalanguageinvolve?

Andwhatarethey?

3stages:

languagetraining↔others’experience/receivedknowledge/ownexperiencepractice↔reflection→professionalcompetence（goal）

Professionalcompetenceis“amovingtarget”,towardswhichprofessionalstravelalltheirprofessionallifebutwhichisneverfinallyattained.

Question9

Whatis“pseudopractice”?

Itisashortperiodoftimeassignedforstudentteacherstodoteachingpracticeaspartoftheireducation,usuallyunderthesupervisionoftheir