全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题Word下载.docx

全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题Word下载.docx

《全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题Word下载.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题Word下载.docx（11页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

Drecognize

　　2Awhen 

Bbest 

Cbefore 

Dunless 

　　3Arendered 

Bweakened 

Cestablished 

Deliminated

　　4Achallenged 

Bcompromised 

Csuspected 

Daccepted 

　　5.Aadvanced 

Bcaught 

Cbound 

Dfounded

　　6.Aresistant 

Bsubject 

Cimmune 

Dprone 

　　7.Aresorts 

Bsticks 

Cleads 

Dapplies 

　　8.Aevade 

Braise 

Cdeny 

Dsettle 

　　9.Aline 

Bbarrier 

Csimilarity 

Dconflict 

　　10.Aby 

Bas 

Cthrough 

Dtowards 

　　11.Aso 

Bsince 

Cprovided 

Dthough

　　12.Aserve 

Bsatisfy 

Cupset 

Dreplace 

　　13.Aconfirm 

Bexpress 

Ccultivate 

Doffer

　　14Aguarded 

Bfollowed 

Cstudied 

Dtied

　　15.Aconcepts 

Btheories 

Cdivisions 

Dconvenience

　　16.Aexcludes 

Bquestions 

Cshapes 

Dcontrols

　　17.Adismissed 

Breleased 

Cranked 

Ddistorted

　　18.Asuppress 

Bexploit 

Caddress 

Dignore 

　　19.Aaccessible 

B.amiable 

Cagreeable 

Daccountable

　　20.Abyallmeans 

Batallcosts 

Cinaword 

Dasaresult

SectionⅡReadingComprehension

　　PartA

　　Directions:

　　Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）

Text1

　　Comeon–Everybody’sdoingit.Thatwhisperedmessage,halfinvitationandhalfforcing,iswhatmostofusthinkofwhenwehearthewordspeerpressure.Itusuallyleadstonogood-drinking,drugsandcasualsex.ButinhernewbookJointheClub,TinaRosenbergcontendsthatpeerpressurecanalsobeapositiveforcethroughwhatshecallsthesocialcure,inwhichorganizationsandofficialsusethepowerofgroupdynamicstohelpindividualsimprovetheirlivesandpossiblytheword.

　　Rosenberg,therecipientofaPulitzerPrize,offersahostofexampleofthesocialcureinaction:

InSouthCarolina,astate-sponsoredantismokingprogramcalledRageAgainsttheHazesetsouttomakecigarettesuncool.InSouthAfrica,anHIV-preventioninitiativeknownasLoveLiferecruitsyoungpeopletopromotesafesexamongtheirpeers.

　　Theideaseemspromising，andRosenbergisaperceptiveobserver.Hercritiqueofthelamenessofmanypubic-healthcampaignsisspot-on:

theyfailtomobilizepeerpressureforhealthyhabits,andtheydemonstrateaseriouslyflawedunderstandingofpsychology.”Daretobedifferent,pleasedon’tsmoke!

”pleadsonebillboardcampaignaimedatreducingsmokingamongteenagers-teenagers,whodesirenothingmorethanfittingin.Rosenbergarguesconvincinglythatpublic-healthadvocatesoughttotakeapagefromadvertisers,soskilledatapplyingpeerpressure.

　　Butonthegeneraleffectivenessofthesocialcure,Rosenbergislesspersuasive.JointheClubisfilledwithtoomuchirrelevantdetailandnotenoughexplorationofthesocialandbiologicalfactorsthatmakepeerpressuresopowerful.Themostglaringflawofthesocialcureasit’spresentedhereisthatitdoesn’tworkverywellforverylong.RageAgainsttheHazefailedoncestatefundingwascut.EvidencethattheLoveLifeprogramproduceslastingchangesislimitedandmixed.

　　There’snodoubtthatourpeergroupsexertenormousinfluenceonourbehavior.Anemergingbodyofresearchshowsthatpositivehealthhabits-aswellasnegativeones-spreadthroughnetworksoffriendsviasocialcommunication.Thisisasubtleformofpeerpressure:

weunconsciouslyimitatethebehaviorweseeeveryday.

　　Farlesscertain,however,ishowsuccessfullyexpertsandbureaucratscanselectourpeergroupsandsteertheiractivitiesinvirtuousdirections.It’sliketheteacherwhobreaksupthetroublemakersinthebackrowbypairingthemwithbetter-behavedclassmates.Thetacticneverreallyworks.Andthat’stheproblemwithasocialcureengineeredfromtheoutside:

intherealworld,asinschool,weinsistonchoosingourownfriends.

　　21.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,peerpressureoftenemergesas

　　[A]asupplementtothesocialcure

　　[B]astimulustogroupdynamics

　　[C]anobstacletoschoolprogress

　　[D]acauseofundesirablebehaviors

　　22.Rosenbergholdsthatpublicadvocatesshould

　　[A]recruitprofessionaladvertisers

　　[B]learnfromadvertisers’experience

　　[C]stayawayfromcommercialadvertisers

　　[D]recognizethelimitationsofadvertisements

　　23.Intheauthor’sview,Rosenberg’sbookfailsto

　　[A]adequatelyprobesocialandbiologicalfactors

　　[B]effectivelyevadetheflawsofthesocialcure

　　[C]illustratethefunctionsofstatefunding

　　[D]producealong-lastingsocialeffect

　　24.Paragraph5showsthatourimitationofbehaviors

　　[A]isharmfultoournetworksoffriends

　　[B]willmisleadbehavioralstudies

　　[C]occurswithoutourrealizingit

　　[D]canproducenegativehealthhabits

　　25.Theauthorsuggestsinthelastparagraphthattheeffectofpeerpressureis

　　[A]harmful

　　[B]desirable

　　[C]profound

　　[D]questionable

　TEXT2

　　Prettyinpink:

adultwomendonotrememberbeingsoobsessedwiththecolour,yetitispervasiveinouryounggirls’lives.Itisnotthatpinkintrinsicallybad,butitisatinysliceoftherainbowand,thoughitmaycelebrategirlhoodinoneway,italsorepeatedlyandfirmlyfusedgirls’identitytoappearance.Thenitpresentsthatconnection,evenamongtwo-year-olds,betweengirlsasnotonlyinnocentbutasevidenceofinnocence.Lookingaround,despairedatthesingularlackofimaginationaboutgirls’livesandinterests.

　　Girls'

attractiontopinkmayseemunavoidable,somehowencodedintheirDNA,butaccordingtoJoPaoletti,anassociateprofessorofAmericanStudies,it'

snot.Childrenwerenotcolour-codedatalluntiltheearly20thcentury:

intheerabeforedomesticwashingmachinesallbabiesworewhiteasapracticalmatter,sincetheonlywayofgettingclothescleanwastoboilthem.What'

smore,bothboysandgirlsworewhatwerethoughtofasgender-neutraldresses.Whennurserycolourswereintroduced,pinkwasactuallyconsideredthemoremasculinecolour,apastelversionofred,whichwasassociatedwithstrength.Blue,withitsintimationsoftheVirginMary,constancyandfaithfulness,symbolisedfemininity.Itwasnotuntilthemid-1980s,whenamplifyingageandsexdifferencesbecameadominantchildren'

smarketingstrategy,thatpinkfullycameintoitsown,whenitbegantoseeminnatelyattractivetogirls,partofwhatdefinedthemasfemale,atleastforthefirstfewcriticalyears.

　　Ihadnotrealisedhowprofoundlymarketingtrendsdictatedourperceptionofwhatisnaturaltokids,includingourcorebeliefsabouttheirpsychologicaldevelopment.Takethetoddler.Iassumedthatphasewassomethingexpertsdevelopedafteryearsofresearchintochildren'

sbehaviour:

wrong.Turnsout,accordingtoDanielCook,ahistorianofchildhoodconsumerism,itwaspopularisedasamarketinggimmickbyclothingmanufacturersinthe1930s.

　　Tradepublicationscounselleddepartmentstoresthat,inordertoincreasesales,theyshouldcreatea"

thirdsteppingstone"

betweeninfantwearandolderkids'

clothes.Itwasonlyafter"

toddler"

becamecommonshoppers'

termthatitevolvedintoabroadlyaccepteddevelopmentalstage.Splittingkids,oradults,intoever-tiniercategorieshasprovedasure-firewaytoboostprofits.Andoneoftheeasiestwaystosegmentamarketistomagnifygenderdifferences–orinventthemwheretheydidnotpreviouslyexist.

　　26Bysaying"

itis...Therainbow"

（line3,Para1）,theauthormeanspink_______.

　　Ashouldnotbethesolerepresentationofgirlhood

　　Bshouldnotbeassociatedwithgirls'

innocence

　　Ccannotexplaingirls'

lackofimagination

　　Dcannotinfluencegirls'

livesandinterests

　　27AccordingtoParagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueofcolours?

　　AColorsareencodedingirls'

DNA

　　BBlueusedtoberegardedasthecolorforgirls

　　CPinkusedto