全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题Word下载.docx

1、D recognize 2 A whenB bestC beforeD unless 3 A renderedB weakenedC establishedD eliminated4 A challengedB compromisedC suspectedD accepted5. A advancedB caught C boundD founded 6. A resistantB subjectC immuneD prone7. A resortsB sticksC leadsD applies8. A evadeB raiseC denyD settle9. A lineB barrier

2、 C similarity D conflict10. A byB asC throughD towards11. A soB sinceC providedD though 12. A serveB satisfyC upsetD replace13. A confirm B express C cultivate D offer 14 A guardedB followedC studiedD tied15. A concepts B theories C divisions D convenience16. A excludesB questions C shapes D control

3、s17. A dismissed B released C ranked D distorted18. A suppress B exploitC addressD ignore19. A accessibleB. amiableC agreeable D accountable20. A by all meansB at all costsC in a wordD as a resultSection Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below

4、each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. （40 points）Text 1Come on Everybodys doing it. That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure. It usually leads to no good-drinking, drugs and casual sex

5、. But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the word.Rosenberg, the recip

6、ient of a Pulitzer Prize, offers a host of example of the social cure in action: In South Carolina, a state-sponsored antismoking program called Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncool. In South Africa, an HIV-prevention initiative known as LoveLife recruits young people to promote

7、safe sex among their peers.The idea seems promising，and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer. Her critique of the lameness of many pubic-health campaigns is spot-on: they fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits, and they demonstrate a seriously flawed understanding of psychology.” Dare to be

8、 different, please dont smoke!” pleads one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among teenagers-teenagers, who desire nothing more than fitting in. Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure.But on th

9、e general effectiveness of the social cure, Rosenberg is less persuasive. Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful. The most glaring flaw of the social cure as its presented here is tha

10、t it doesnt work very well for very long. Rage Against the Haze failed once state funding was cut. Evidence that the LoveLife program produces lasting changes is limited and mixed.Theres no doubt that our peer groups exert enormous influence on our behavior. An emerging body of research shows that p

11、ositive health habits-as well as negative ones-spread through networks of friends via social communication. This is a subtle form of peer pressure: we unconsciously imitate the behavior we see every day.Far less certain, however, is how successfully experts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups

12、 and steer their activities in virtuous directions. Its like the teacher who breaks up the troublemakers in the back row by pairing them with better-behaved classmates. The tactic never really works. And thats the problem with a social cure engineered from the outside: in the real world, as in schoo

13、l, we insist on choosing our own friends.21. According to the first paragraph, peer pressure often emerges asA a supplement to the social cureB a stimulus to group dynamicsC an obstacle to school progressD a cause of undesirable behaviors22. Rosenberg holds that public advocates shouldA recruit prof

14、essional advertisersB learn from advertisers experienceC stay away from commercial advertisersD recognize the limitations of advertisements23. In the authors view, Rosenbergs book fails toA adequately probe social and biological factorsB effectively evade the flaws of the social cureC illustrate the

15、 functions of state fundingDproduce a long-lasting social effect24. Paragraph 5shows that our imitation of behaviorsA is harmful to our networks of friendsB will mislead behavioral studiesC occurs without our realizing itD can produce negative health habits25. The author suggests in the last paragra

16、ph that the effect of peer pressure isA harmfulB desirableC profoundD questionableTEXT2Pretty in pink: adult women do not remember being so obsessed with the colour, yet it is pervasive in our young girls lives. It is not that pink intrinsically bad, but it is a tiny slice of the rainbow and, though

17、 it may celebrate girlhood in one way, it also repeatedly and firmly fused girls identity to appearance. Then it presents that connection, even among two-year-olds, between girls as not only innocent but as evidence of innocence. Looking around, despaired at the singular lack of imagination about gi

18、rls lives and interests.Girls attraction to pink may seem unavoidable, somehow encoded in their DNA, but according to Jo Paoletti, an associate professor of American Studies, its not. Children were not colour-coded at all until the early 20th century: in the era before domestic washing machines all

19、babies wore white as a practical matter, since the only way of getting clothes clean was to boil them. Whats more, both boys and girls wore what were thought of as gender-neutral dresses. When nursery colours were introduced, pink was actually considered the more masculine colour, a pastel version o

20、f red, which was associated with strength. Blue, with its intimations of the Virgin Mary, constancy and faithfulness, symbolised femininity. It was not until the mid-1980s, when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant childrens marketing strategy, that pink fully came into its own, when

21、 it began to seem innately attractive to girls, part of what defined them as female, at least for the first few critical years.I had not realised how profoundly marketing trends dictated our perception of what is natural to kids, including our core beliefs about their psychological development. Take

22、 the toddler. I assumed that phase was something experts developed after years of research into childrens behaviour: wrong. Turns out, according to Daniel Cook, a historian of childhood consumerism, it was popularised as a marketing gimmick by clothing manufacturers in the 1930s.Trade publications c

23、ounselled department stores that, in order to increase sales, they should create a third stepping stone between infant wear and older kids clothes. It was only after toddler became common shoppers term that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage. Splitting kids, or adults, into ever-

24、tinier categories has proved a sure-fire way to boost profits. And one of the easiest ways to segment a market is to magnify gender differences or invent them where they did not previously exist.26 By saying it is . The rainbow（line 3, Para 1）, the author means pink _.A should not be the sole repres

25、entation of girlhoodB should not be associated with girls innocence C cannot explain girls lack of imagination D cannot influence girls lives and interests 27 According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is true of colours?A Colors are encoded in girls DNA B Blue used to be regarded as the color for girls C Pink used to