担保法Word格式.docx
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本法规定的担保方式为保证、抵押、质押、留置和定金。
Article3Inguarantyactivities,theprinciplesofequality,voluntariness,fairness,honestyandcredibilityshallbeobserved.
第三条担保活动应当遵循平等、自愿、公平、诚实信用的原则。
Article4Whereathirdpartyprovidesaguarantytocreditorforadebtor,thethirdpartymayrequirethedebtortoprovidehimwithacounterguaranty.
第四条第三人为债务人向债权人提供担保时,可以要求债务人提供反担保。
TheprovisionsonguarantyinthisLawshallapplytothecounterguaranty.
反担保适用本法担保的规定。
Article5Aguarantycontractisanancillarycontractoftheprincipalcontract.Iftheprincipalcontractisnullandvoid,theguarantycontractshallbenullandvoid,accordinglyWhereitisotherwiseagreedintheguarantycontract,suchagreementshallprevail.
第五条担保合同是主合同的从合同,主合同无效,担保合同无效担保合同另有约定的,按照约定。
Ifaguarantycontractisdeterminedtobenullandvoid,thedebtor,theguarantororthecreditorwhoisindefaultshallbearcivilliabilityaccordingtotheirrespectivefault.
担保合同被确认无效后,债务人、担保人、债权人有过错的,应当根据其过错各自承担相应的民事责任。
第二章保证
ChapterIISuretyship
Section1SuretyshipandSurety
第一节保证和保证人
Article6SuretyshipasusedinthisLawmeansanagreementpursuanttowhichasuretyandacreditoragreethatthesuretyshallperformtheobligationorbeartheliabilityaccordingtotheagreement,whenthedebtorfailstoperformhisobligation.
第六条本法所称保证,是指保证人和债权人约定,当债务人不履行债务时,保证人按照约定履行债务或者承担责任的行为。
Article7Alegalperson,otherorganizationoracitizencapableofassumingdebtsmayactasasurety.
第七条具有代为清偿债务能力的法人、其他组织或者公民,可以作保证人。
Article8NoStateorganmayactasasurety,exceptinthecaseofsecuringloans,foronlending,fromaforeigngovernmentoraninternationaleconomicorganizationasisapprovedbytheStateCouncil.
第八条国家机关不得为保证人,但经国务院批准为使用外国政府或者国际经济组织贷款进行转贷的除外。
Article9Institutionssuchasschools,kindergartensandhospitalsestablishedforpurposesofpublicwelfare,andpublicorganizationsmaynotactasasurety.
第九条学校、幼儿园、医院等以公益为目的的事业单位、社会团体不得为保证人。
Article10Branchesandfunctioningdepartmentsofanenterpriseasalegalpersonmaynotactasasurety.Ifabranchofanenterpriseasalegalpersonhasppowerofattorneyfromthelegalperson,itmayprovideasuretyshipwithinthescopeofauthority.
第十条企业法人的分支机构、职能部门不得为保证人企业法人的分支机构有法人书面授权的,可以在授权范围内提供保证。
Article11Noorganizationorindividualmaycompelabankoranotherfinancialinstitutionoranenterprisetoprovideasuretyshipforanother;
abankoranotherfinancialinstitutionoranenterpriseshallhavetherighttorefusetoprovidesuretyshipforanother.
第十一条任何单位和个人不得强令银行等金融机构或者企业为他人提供保证;
银行等金融机构或者企业对强令其为他人提供保证的行为,有权拒绝。
Article12Wheretherearetwoormoresuretiesforoneobligation,thesuretiesshallundertakesuretyshipliabilityaccordingtotheirproportionofsuretyshipagreedinthesuretyshipcontractIntheabsenceofanagreementontheproportionofsuretyship,thesuretiesshallbejointlyandseverallyliable.Thecreditormaydemandanyoneofthesuretiestoundertakeallsuretyshipliability,andeverysuretyshallnavetheobligationtoensureallofthecreditor’srights.Thesuretywhohasundertakenthesuretyshipliabilityshallhavetherightofrecourseagainstthedebtor,orhavetherighttodemandothersuretieswhoarejointlyandseverallyliabletodischargetheproportionofobligationswhichtheyshouldrespectivelyassume.
第十二条同一债务有两个以上保证人的,保证人应当按照保证合同约定的保证份额,承担保证责任没有约定保证份额的,保证人承担连带责任,债权人可以要求任何一个保证人承担全部保证责任,保证人都负有担保全部债权实现的义务已经承担保证责任的保证人,有权向债务人追偿,或者要求承担连带责任的其他保证人清偿其应当承担的份额。
Section2SuretyshipContractandModesofSuretyship
第二节保证合同和保证方式
Article13Asuretyandacreditorshallconcludeasuretyshipcontractinwriting.
第十三条保证人与债权人应当以书面形式订立保证合同。
Article14Asuretyandacreditormayconcludeseparatesuretyshipcontractsforasingleprincipalcontract,ormayreachanagreementtoconclude,totheextentofthemaximumamountofclaim,asinglesuretyshipcontractforloancontractsorforcertaincommoditiestransactioncontractswhichsuccessivelyoccurinagivenperiodoftime.
第十四条保证人与债权人可以就单个主合同分别订立保证合同,也可以协议在最高债权额限度内就一定期间连续发生的借款合同或者某项商品交易合同订立一个保证合同。
Article15Asuretyshipcontractshallcontainthefollowingparticulars:
第十五条保证合同应当包括以下内容:
(1)thekindandamountoftheprincipalclaimguaranteed;
(一)被保证的主债权;
(2)thetimelimitforthedebtortoperformtheobligation;
(二)债务人履行债务的期限;
(3)themodesofsuretyship;
(三)保证的方式;
(4)thescopeofthesuretyshipguaranty;
(四)保证担保的范围;
(5)thetermofthesuretyship;
and
(五)保证的期间;
(6)othermattersthepartiesdeemappropriate.
(六)双方认为需要约定的其他事项。
Ifasuretyshipcontractdoesnotcontainalltheparticularsspecifiedintheprecedingparagraph,theparticularsomittedmaybeaddedbyamendment.
保证合同不完全具备前款规定内容的,可以补正。
Article16Themodesofsuretyshipinclude:
第十六条保证的方式有:
(1)generalsuretyship;
(一)一般保证;
(2)suretyshipofjointandseveralliability.
(二)连带责任保证。
Article17Ageneralsuretyshipreferstoasuretyshipcontractwhereinthepartiesagreethatthesuretyshallundertakesuretyshipliabilityincasethedebtordefaults
第十七条当事人在保证合同中约定,债务人不能履行债务时,由保证人承担保证责任的,为一般保证。
Ageneralsuretyshipallowsthesuretytorefusetoundertakesuretyshipliabilitytowardsthecreditorbeforeadisputeovertheprincipalcontractistriedorarbitratedandtheobligationsarenotenforceableevenafterthedebtor’sassetshavebeenseizedaccordingtolawAsuretymaynotexercisetherightprovidedintheprecedingparagraphinanyofthefollowingcircumstances:
一般保证的保证人在主合同纠纷未经审判或者仲裁,并就债务人财产依法强制执行仍不能履行债务前,对债权人可以拒绝承担保证责任有下列情形之一的,保证人不得行使前款规定的权利:
(1)Thechangeofthedebtor’sdomicilemakesitextremelydifficultforthecreditortohavethedebtor’sobligationenforced;
(一)债务人住所变更,致使债权人要求其履行债务发生重大困难的;
(2)APeople’sCourtsuspendstheenforcementproceedingsduetoitsacceptanceofthedebtor’sbankruptcycase;
or
(二)人民法院受理债务人破产案件,中止执行程序的;
(3)Thesuretywaivesinwritingtherightprovidedintheprecedingparagraph
(三)保证人以书面形式放弃前款规定的权利的
Article18Asuretyshipofjointandseveralliabilityreferstoasuretyshipcontractwhereinthepartiesagreethatthesuretyandthedebtorshallbejointlyandseverallyliable.
第十八条当事人在保证合同中约定保证人与债务人对债务承担连带责任的,为连带责任保证。
Wherethedebtorofasuretyshipofjointandseveralliabilitydefaultswhenthetimelimitforhisperformanceoftheobligationprovidedintheprincipalcontractexpires,thecreditormaydemandthatthedebtorperformhisobligation,ordemandthatthesuretyundertakethesuretyshipliabilitywithinthescopeofthesuretyshipagreement.
连带责任保证的债务人在主合同规定的债务履行期届满没有履行债务的,债权人可以要求债务人履行债务,也可以要求保证人在其保证范围内承担保证责任。
Article19Intheabsenceofanagreedorexplicitlyagreedmodeofsuretyship,thepartiesshallbearthesuretyshipliabilityfollowingthemodeofasuretyshipofjointandseveralliability.
第十九条当事人对保证方式没有约定或者约定不明确的,按照连带责任保证承担保证责任。
Article20Thesuretyofageneralsuretyshiporasuretyshipofjointandseveralliabilityshallenjoythedebtor’srightofdefenseWhereadebtorwaiveshisrightofdefenseagainsttheobligation,thesuretyshallstillenjoyarightofdefense.
第二十条一般保证和连带责任保证的保证人享有债务人的抗辩权债务人放弃对债务的抗辩权的,保证人仍有权抗辩。
Therightofdefensemeansadebtor’srighttoexercisehisrightofclaimonlegalbasisagainstthecreditorwhenthecreditorseekstoenforcehisrights.
抗辩权是指债权人行使债权时,债务人根据法定事由,对抗债权人行使请求权的权利。
Section3SuretyshipLiability
第三节保证责任
Article21Thescopeofthesuretyshipguarantyincludestheprincipalclaimandtheinterestthereof,defaultfine,compensationfordamageandexpensesforenforcingtheclaim,unlessthesuretyshipcontractprovidesotherwise.
第二十一条保证担保的范围包括主债权及利息、违约金、损害赔偿金和实现债权的费用保证合同另有约定的,按照约定。
Intheabsenceofanagreedorexplicitlyagreedscopeofthesuretyshipguaranty,thesuretyshallbeliableforpaymentofalltheabovecosts.
当事人对保证担保的范围没有约定或者约定不明确的,保证人应当对全部债务承担责任。
Article22Ifacreditortransfers,inaccordancewithlaw,hisprincipalclaimtoathirdpartyduringtheperiodofthesuretyship,thesuretyshallcontinuetobeboundbythesuretyshipcontractwithinthescopeoftheoriginalsuretyshipguaranty,unlessthesuretyshipcontractprovidesotherwise.
第二十二条保证期间,债权人依法将主债权转让给第三人的,保证人在原保证担保的范围内继续承担保证责任保证合同另有约定的,按照约定。
Article23Whereacreditorpermitsadebtortotransferhisdebtstoathirdpartyduringtheperiodofthesuretyship,aconsentinwritingshallneedtobeobtainedfromthesurety;
thesuretyshallnolongerbeliableifthedebtsaretransferredwithouthispriorconsentinwriting.
第二十三条保证期间,债权人许可债务人转让债务的,应当取得保证人书面同意,保证人对未经其同意转让的债务,不再承担保证责任。
Article24Whenacreditorandadebtoragreetoaltertheprincipalcontract,theyshallhavetoobtainthesuretysconsentinwriting;
thesuretyshallnolongerbeliableifthecontractisalteredwithouthispriorconsentinwriting,unlessthesuretyshipcontractprovidesotherwise.
第二十四条债权人与债务人协议变更主合同的,应当取得保证人书面同意,未经保证人书面同意的,保证人不再承担保证责任保证合同另有约定的,按照约定。
Article25Ifthesu