甘肃省金昌市第一中学学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题Word文档下载推荐.docx
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Whenaplague(瘟疫)hitFlorencein1348,ItalianwriterGiovanniBoccacciolosthisfatherandstepmother.Inordertosurvive,heleftthecityandhidinthecountryside.Inspiredbytheexperience,BoccacciowroteTheDecameron(《十日谈》),acollectionofshortnovelsframedasstoriestoldbyagroupoffriends,whilehewasquarantined(隔离)insideahouseduringtheplague.
WilliamShakespeare(1564-1616)
Intheearly17thcentury,aplaguehitLondon,UK.Whenthenumberofdeathsgrew,thegovernmentpostponedmanycelebrationsandclosedallthetheaters.Thismeantthattheentertainmentindustryatthetimewasparalyzed(瘫痪)formuchof1606.Asanactoranddramatist,Shakespearehadtostopworkingintheplayhouse.Buthedidn'
twasteasecondofhistimeoff.Instead,heusedthetimeproductivelyandwrotesomeofhismostfamousplays.Beforetheyearwasover,Shakespearecompletedthreeplays—KingLear,MacbethandAntonyandCleopatra.
IsaacNewton(1642-1727)
In1665,whenEnglishmathematicianIsaacNewtonwasinhisearly20s,oneofthelastmajoroutbreaksoftheplaguehittheUK,andmanyclasseswerecanceled.Newton,asastudent,wentbackhometocontinuehisstudies.
Hedevotedhimselftohisstudies.Theyoungmathematicianproducedsomeofhisbestworksduringhisyearinquarantine,writingthepapersthatwouldlaterbecomeearlycalculus(微积分学),anddevelopinghistheoriesonphysicsinhisbedroom.Whileworking,anappledroppedfromtheappletreeoutsidehiswindowandhithimorthehead,whichmayinspiredhistheoryofgravity.
1.WhatdidBoccacciododuringtheplague?
A.HeleftItalyandhidaway
B.Hestayedindoorsandreadbooks.
C.Hefinishedthegreatwork:
TheDecameron.
D.Hetoldhisfriendsmanyinterestingstories.
2.HowdidtheplagueaffectShakespeare?
A.Hegotmoreentertainment.
B.Hegotmorefreetimetowriteplays.
C.Hebegantoshowinterestinacting.
D.Hewasinspiredtoevaluatehistory.
3.WhatcanwelearnaboutIssacNewtoninquarantine?
A.Hehadtostophisstudyonmath.
B.Heputthefocusonphysicsstudy.
C.Hegotanideaforthetheoryofgravity.
D.Heworkedhardandcompletedhislastwork.
ChinesevolleyballsuperstarZhuTinghasinspiredanewEnglishword."
StayawesomeandZHUperb!
"
wroteabloggerataUS-basedvolleyballwebsite.Thewordcombines"
Zhu"
and"
superb(卓越的)"
todescribethe27-year-oldplayer.
Zhu'
sexcellentscoringperformancesputheramongtheTop10GlobalOutstandingAthletesforthisyear'
sHeraclesPrizeoftheBigBenAward.Asthecaptain,Zhu"
createdthenewgoldenageofwomen'
svolleyballinChina"
theawardsaid.ZhuisconsideredanationalherobymanyinChina,withgoodreason.Beforethisyear'
sWorldCupvictory,shehelpedthenationalvolleyballteamwinthe2015FIVBWorldCup,the2015AsianWomen'
sVolleyballChampionship,andthe2016RioOlympicGames.
Althoughshe'
sasuperstarnow,ithasn'
tbeeneasyforZhutogettowheresheis.BorntoafarmingfamilyinHenanprovince,Zhuearnedachancetoattendalocalsportsschoolatage13.ShebecamewellknowntothepublicbyhelpingChina'
sU20teamwinthe2013FIVBU20WorldChampionship.Shortlyafter,ZhujoinedthenationalteamandbeganplayingunderlegendarycoachLangPing.
Atfirst,the1.98-meter-tallZhufounditdifficulttomovequicklyandstaybalanced.ButLangPingtookadvantageofherheightandtrainedhertojumphighandsmashballs.Herworkpaidoff.Zhuisnowanoutstandingplayer."
Hardworkandtalentareequallyimportant.I'
llmoveforwardstepbystep,"
shetoldPeople'
sDaily.
4.Whywas"
ZHUperb"
created?
A.Tocreateanewgame.B.Tointroduceavolleyballwebsite.
C.Todescribethevolleyballsuperstar.D.TocelebrateherwinningofWorldCup.
5.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellus?
A.ZhuTing'
straining.B.ZhuTing'
spersonalqualities.
C.ZhuTing'
sachievements.D.ZhuTing'
sfutureplan.
6.WhendidZhuTingbecomefamoustothepublics
A.In2000.B.In2013.C.In2015.D.In2016.
7.WhatwasthepurposeofLangPing'
splanfortrainingZhuTing?
A.Tobuildupherconfidence.
B.Tomakeuseofheradvantages.
C.Totrainhertobethecaptainoftheteam.
D.Toinstructhertomoveforwardstepbystep.
Astudyof100mobileappsforkidsfoundthat72brokealawaimedatprotectingchildren'
sonlineprivacy.ResearchersdevelopedatoolthatcandeterminewhetheramobileappfollowstheChildren'
sOnlinePrivacyProtectionAct(COPPA).Thetoolwas99%right.Researcherscontinuetoimprovethetechnology,whichtheyplantomakeavailablefordownloadatnocost.
Whenyoudownloadanapp,itcangetalotofinformationonyourcellphone.Youhavetokeepinmindthatallthisinformationcanbecollectedbytheseappsandsenttothirdparties.Whatdotheydowithit?
Theycanprettymuchdoanything.Weshouldbecarefulaboutthis.Appscangetpersonalidentifiableinformation,includingnames,emailaddresses,phonenumbers,locations,audioandvisualrecordings,anduniqueidentifiersordevicessuchasaninternationalmobileequipmentidentity(IMEI),mediaaccesscontrol(MAC)addresses,AndroidIDsandAndroidadvertisingIDs.TheadvertisingID,forexample,allowsappdeveloperstocollectinformationonuser’sinterests,whichtheycanthenselltoadvertisers.What'
sworse,gamesandotherappsthatviolateCOPPAcauseprivacyrisksthatcouldmakeitpossibleforsomeonetodetermineachild'
sIDandlocation.Abadmancouldprobablygettheuser'
semailIDandgeographiclocationandtrytokidnapthechild.
COPPArequiresthatwebsitesandonlineservicesdirectedtochildrengetparentalagreementbeforecollecting,personalinformationfromanyoneyoungerthan13;
however,astheresearchfound,manypopularappsdonotfollowtherule.Researchersfoundthatmanypopulargamesdesignedspecificallyforyoungchildrenshowedusers’.AndroidIDs,AndroidadvertisingIDsanddevicedescriptions.Researcherssuggestthatparentsshouldbecarefulwhendownloadingorallowingchildrentodownloadapps.Theyadvisekeepingdownloadstoaminimum.Don'
tdownloadappsunlesstheyneedto.
8.Whatisthematterwithmostmobileappsforkids?
A.Theyleadchildrentodowrong.B.Theyaretooexpensiveforkids.
C.Theycollectchildren'
sprivateinformation.D.Theyaretoodifficulttooperate.
9.Whatcanwelearnaboutthetestingtool?
A.Itwillbeputonlineforsale.B.Parentswillgetitforfree.
C.Appswillfindwaystodealwithit.D.Researcherswillgiveitupafterthestudy.
10.Whatwillappsdowithkids'
privacy?
A.Theywillsendittoothers.B.Theywillpublishitonline.
C.Theywillkeepitasecret.D.Theywilluseitinsocialsurveys.
11.Whatistheresearchers'
advicetoparentsaboutdownloadingapps?
A.Downloadingasfewappsaspossible.B.Downloadingasmanyappsasrequired.
C.DownloadingnoappsfromtheInternet.D.DownloadingappsthatCOPPAidentifies.
ForDeafPeople,FaceMaskswithWindowsMeanMoreThanSmiles
Forthelastfewmonths,MichaelConleyhasfeltveryalone.Conleyisadeafman,andhereadslipstounderstandwhatpeoplearesayingtohim.However,peoplehavebeenwearingmaskstohelpslowthespreadofCOVID-19,anewvirusthatspreadsfrompersontopersonwheninfectedpeoplebreatheoutvirusparticles(颗粒).
Peoplewhoaredeafandhardofhearingcommunicateinmanydifferentways.Somemightlearntoreadlips.ManypeoplealsouseAmericanSignLanguage(ASL).Itisawaytocommunicateusinggesturesandsignsforpeoplewhoaredeafandhardofhearing.
ForbothreadinglipsandASL,beingabletoseesomeone'
sfaceandfacialexpressionsiscriticallyimportant.ParticularlyforASL,facialexpressionsplayaroleingrammarandwording.
HelpingLipReadersSeeMouthsMove
Conleytoldhisco-worker,ChrisLaZich,abouthissituation.LaZichaskedherfriend,Helton,forhelp.IngridHeltonisacostumedesignerwiththeSanDiegoOpera.Shemakesmaskswithplasticwindowsforhearingpeopletowear,makingitpossibleforlipreaderstoseemouthsmove.
Foralongtime,lipreadershavestruggledtounderstandhospitalworkerswhowearmasks.TheproblemhasonlygottenworseduringCOVID-19.Manyinterpretersforthedeafhavenotbeenabletoenterhospitalsbecausetheycouldcatchthevirus.
MoreChallengesForDeafPeople
Now,morepeoplearewearingmasksoutsideofhospitals,too.Thiscreatesevenmorechallengesfordeafpeople.
Whenpeoplebeganwearingmasks,Conleyfeltcutofffromtheworld.Sincehecouldnotreadlips,hedidnotknowwhenpeoplewerespeakingtohimorwhattheyweresaying.
Conleywasnervoustogotothepharmacyorthegrocerystore.Once,hefeltsonervoustoenterhisfavoriterestaurantthathewaitedoutsidefor45minutes.Hedidnotknowwhathewoulddoifamaskedworkeraskedhimquestionsabouthisorder.Luckily,theemployeerecognizedhimandpulleddownhermasktotalktoConley.Conleywasgratefulforheraction.
NoteveryoneknowsConley,though,andwouldnotknowheisdeaf.Hecarriespiecesofpaperwithhimsohecanaskpeopletowritewhattheyaresaying.Thisway,otherpeopledon'
thavetoremovetheirmask.However,italsomeanstouchingthesamepaper,Touchingcommonsurfacescanspre