Dynamics of Aestheticism in Oscar Wildes The Happy PrinceWord文档下载推荐.docx

Dynamics of Aestheticism in Oscar Wildes The Happy PrinceWord文档下载推荐.docx

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专业英语

学号

指导老师

DynamicsofAestheticisminOscarWilde’sTheHappyPrince

AThesis

Submittedto

SchoolofForeignStudies

HunanUniversityofScienceandTechnology

InPartialFulfillmentof

TheRequirementsfor

TheDegreeofBachelorofArts

By

***

Acknowledgments

ThispaperisdevelopedfrommystudyonOscarWilde’saestheticismandhisTheHappyPrince.Manypeopledidmefavorsincompletingthisresearch.

Firstly,specialthanksgotoMsLing,supervisorofthispaperaswellasarespectableteacherintheSchoolofForeignStudies,HunanUniversityofScienceandTechnology,whosefrequentguidanceandsuggestionsleadtotheaccomplishmentofthispaper.MsLing’shardworkingandresponsiblespiritssetagoodexampleforalltheundergraduatesof2007.

Secondly,thanksgotoalltheuniversityleadersandteachersaswellasmyclassmates.Allofthemhelpedmeingettingsomeideastostartandcompletethispaper.

Lastly,thanksgotoalltheschoollibrarians,whohavedoneverymuchinsupplyinguswithreferencebooks,aswellastothosewhoseworkshavebeenquotedbymeinthepaper.

Abstract

FairytalesarethoughttobetheidealcarrierofOscarWilde’saestheticismduetoasharedreverenceforbeauty.Inhisfairytales,Wildeusespoeticlanguagetocreateimaginaryworldandexpresshispursuitofbeauty.ButtherearealsosomeparadoxicalfeaturesbetweenthefairytalesandWilde’smainaesthetictheories.Aestheticismholdsthebeliefofartforart’ssake.Accordingly,Wildealwaysdeclaresartshouldnotbejudgedbyamoralstandard,butinfactnoliteratureworkcanbedivorcedfromthatcompletely.Thereisnoexceptionforhisfairytales.TakingTheHappyPrinceasanexample,thispapersetsouttoillustratehowWilde’saestheticismworksinpractice.Discussingbothcorrespondencesandparadoxes,itstilltriestoexplorehowtheparadoxesarise.Ifdoingso,Wilde’saestheticismandhisfairytalescanbebetterunderstood.

Keywords:

OscarWilde;

aestheticism;

correspondance;

paradoxes;

TheHappyPrince

中文摘要

童话历来被认为是奥斯卡.王尔德唯美主义理论最理想的载体，因为二者天然相通。

在其童话中，王尔德用诗意的语言创造了一个又一个幻想世界，把他对美的追求表现得淋漓尽致。

然而，童话与他的唯美主义理论主要观点还存在矛盾。

王尔德一向信奉“为艺术而艺术”,反对对文学作品做出道德评价。

但事实上任何文学作品都不可能彻底脱离现实，摆脱道德判断而完全融入美的殿堂。

王尔德的童话也不例外。

本文试以《快乐王子》为例，探讨王尔德唯美主义理论与其童话的契合性和矛盾性，并探究产生矛盾的根源，以便更好的理解王尔德唯美主义理论及其童话。

关键词：

奥斯卡.王尔德;

唯美主义;

契合性;

矛盾性;

《快乐王子》

Contents

Acknowledgments………………………………………………………………..i

Abstract（EnglishVersion）……………………………………………………….ii

Abstract（ChineseVersion）…………………………………………………….iii

Introduction……………………………………………………………………1

IAestheticBeautyinTheHappyPrince

1.1ImaginaryWorld……………………………………………..……….3

1.2PursuitofBeauty………………………………………………….…4

1.3Poeticlanguage………………………………………………………...5

IIParadoxofAestheticisminTheHappyPrince

2.1ReflectionoftheReality…………………………………………………7

2.2CriticismofImmorality…………………………………………………8

IIIResourcesoftheParadoxes

3.1ConflictsintheAestheticTheories……………………………………10

3.2ConflictsbetweenAesthetesandSociety…………………………….11

3.3CharacterofFairyTales……………………………………………12

Conclusion..……………………………………………………………………14

WorksCited……………………….…………………………………………15

Introduction

OscarWilde（1854-1900）,well-knownpoet,novelist,dramatist,andessayist,isnotonlyversatilebutalsoprolific.Hisliteraryoutputshowstheversatilityofhisinventivepowersaswellasthecomplexityofhisartisticideas.HisonlynovelThePictureofDorianGray（1891）,hisfourcomediesLadyWindermere’sFan（1893）,AWomanofNoImportance（1894）,AnIdealHusband（1895）andTheImportanceofBeingEarnest（1895）,andonetragedySalome（1891）arethoughttobehisrepresentativeworks.WildeisgenerallyregardedasthespokesmanfortheaestheticmovementinEngland.

AestheticismwasaculturalphenomenonprevailedinEuropeinthemiddleofthe19thcentury.Itsbasictheorywas“artforart’ssake 

”.Aestheticismplacedartabovelifeandheldthatlifeshouldimitateart,notartimitatelife.Itbelievedthatartshouldsevernoreligious,moralorsocialend,noranyendexceptitself.

CriticismonWildeandhisaestheticismhasalwaysbeenveryactive.Yetforalongtime,peopletendtofocusonhisnovelanddramas.ComparedwithWilde’snovelanddramas,hisfairytaleshavebeenignored.Duringhislivingtime,Wildehasnineshortfairytales,publishedastwocollections,TheHappyPrinceandOtherTales（1888）andAHouseofPomegranates（1891）.AlthoughWilde’splaysarejustlyimportant,somecriticsthinkwhenaestheticismisconcerned,hisfairytalesarejustasimportantinthattheyaretheidealcarrierofhisaesthetictheories.

Inher"

OntheCorrespondenceBetweenWilde’sAestheticismandHisFairyTales"

PengLiexpressesherideathatWilde’sfairytalesare"

Aestheticfairytales"

astheironyanddualismcanbeseenfromheretothereinWilde’sfairytales（95-98）.However,these"

havesomeparadoxeswithWilde’smainaestheticideas,justasXueJiabaopointsoutin"

OntheParadoxesBetweenWilde’sArtIdeaandtheContentsofHisWorks"

（18-20）.

Then,whatisthedanamicsofWilde’saestheticideasinhisfairytales 

?

Andhowdoesthedanamicscometobeing 

ThispaperaimstoanalyzethedynamicsofWilde’saestheticisminhisTheHappyPrince,andtrytofindoutthereasonsfortheparadoxes.Thethesisiscomposedofthreechapters,alongwithanconclusion.ChapterOnedealswiththecorrespondencebetweenWilde’saestheticismandTheHappyPrince,fromthemethodofcomposing,thethemetothelanguageinusing.ChapterTwodiscussestheparadoxesbetweenthetwo.Wildeholdsthebeliefthatartisjustforitsownsakeandshouldhavenorealityormoralinvolvement.ButtherearereflectionoftherealityandcriticismofimmoralinTheHappyPrince.ChapterThreeexploreswhatunderliestheparadox,fromsubjectivefactorstoobjectivefactor.Inconclusion,itpointsoutthatifdoingsoWilde’saestheticismandfairytalescanbebetterunderstood.

AcriticclaimsthatthepeculiarimaginationofWildeismostobviousinhispoemsandfairytalesandinsiststhatanyonewhowantstostudyWilde’saestheticismmuststudyhispoemsandfairytales（赵景深145）.Wilde’saestheticismartisticideashavenaturallylinkedwiththefairytalesasfairytalesarealwayslinkedtobeauty.Manypeoplewhoreadfairytalesjustbecausetheywanttotastebeauty.ThecorrespondencebetweenWilde’saesthetictheoriesandfairytalesmakeshisfairytalesamongthemostbeautifulonesintheworldliteratureofchildren.Meanwhile,hisaesthetictheorieshavebeenreflectedvividlyinhisfairytales.Thecorrespondencecanbeseenfromthefollowingaspects.

1.1ImaginaryWorld

ThefirstreflectionofWilde’saestheticideain 

TheHappyPrince 

isthemarvelousimagination.Wildechoosesimaginationandfabricationasthemainpatternincomposinghisworks.Theaestheticismhepursuittoisthat 

"

relatestothingsnotexist"

（赵澧徐京安119）.Realismandnaturalismwerepopularatthattime,butWildeformedaartviewofhimself.Thatistheskilloflying,thespiritofwhichisimagination.InWilde’sopinion,whenartgivesupimagination,italsogivesallup.Asthepowersofimaginationismarvelous.Wilde’saesthetictheoriesdeclaretheimportanceofimagination.Meanwhile,imaginationisthebasiccharacteroffairytales.Asitischildren’snaturetoimagine.Theyvieweverythinghassoulandpersonalityashumanbeings.Thecharacterofimaginationoffairytalesisdeterminedbythenatureofchildren.Byusingtheskilloflying,Wildecreatedmanymarvelousworldsinhisfairytales,whicharepopularamongthechildrenthroughouttheworld.TheHappyPrinceis"

theproductofdeliberateartisticdecision:

theirfantasticformresultedfromhisanti—realisticconceptofartbeingputintocreativepractice.Hechosethegenreofthefairytalesmaybedueinparttoitsattractionofmagicandunreality 

（Beckaon,Karl61）.theHappyPrinceisagildedstatuecoveredgoldleaf.Whenheisalive,heneverknowssadness.Afterhisdeath,heseesallthemiseryandoftencries.Aswallow,whichisgoingtoEgypttospendthecoldwinter,accidentallyseestheprince’stearsandagreestohelphim.TheHappyPrincegivesallthathecouldgivetohispeople.Whenthewintercomes,theswallowisfrozentodeathatonenightandtheprince’sheartofleadisbroken.Withnodiamondandgoldleafonhim,theHappyPrincebecomessouglythatpeoplepullhimdown.Theymeltthestatueinthefurnacebuttheleadenheartcouldnotbemelt.Coincidentally,theheartisthrowntotheplacewheretheswallow’sbodylies.Godsendsoneofhisanglestobringtwomostpreciousthingsinthecitytohim.Theangelfetchestheprince’sleadenheartandthebodyoftheswallow.ThatisthestoryWildetellsinTheHappyPrince.Thestrangeimaginationandvividdescriptionmakethisfairytalesalastingfamousone.ThatistheresultofthecombinationofWilde’saesthetictheoriesandthefairytales.

1.2PursuitofBeauty

InWilde’sfairytales,therearemanysharpcomparisons,throughwhichWildedescribedthegoalofhisaesthetictheories—pursuingthebeautyofsoul.FromWilde’spointofview,theworldofrealityisfullofevil,andtheonlypuritysoiliskeptinpeople’sdeepheart,wherewecansowtheseedofbeautyandgainthefruitofbeauty.Pursuitofbeautyisjustinaccordancewiththeteachingfunctionofthefairytales.

Thereisafamoussaying:

Truedignityliesinhuman,inhuman’sinne