专业八级604Word文档格式.docx

专业八级604Word文档格式.docx

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10.00）

TheImportanceofQuestions

Fornon-nativespeakersofEnglishwhowanttoparticipatein

groupdiscussions,itisimportanttobeabletoaskquestionsinorderto

resolvetheirdifficulties.

Ⅰ.CausesofBreakdownsin

（1）

（1）______

1.Onstudents'

part

—insufficientcommandoverthe

（2）ofEnglish

（2）______

—poorpronunciation

2.Onteachers'

—uncertaintyofwhetherhisstudenthasaskedaquestion

—thestudents（3）toemploythecorrectquestionform（3）______

—theteacherinterpretsthequestionasacomment

—difficultiesarisingevenwhenthestudentemploysan/a（4）（4）______

questionform

—theteachermaynotknowaboutthe（5）ofthestudent'

（5）______

Difficulty

Ⅱ.SpecificQuestions

1.Beginquestionswithan/a（6）.（6）______

2.Becarefulto（7）theexactpoint.（7）______

Ⅲ.AnotherReasonfortheCorrectUseof（8）—Politeness（8）______

1.Thestudentsusestheimperative（9）thequestionform（9）______

whenheisnervousorstrugglingwithnewsubjectmatter.

2.Theteachermayinterpretitas（10）andfeelangry.（10）______

2.Theteachermayinterpretitas（10）andfeelangry.（10）______（分数：

填空项1:

__________________ 

（正确答案：

Communication）

解析：

[听力原文]1-10

Non-nativespeakersofEnglish,liketheirnativecounterparts,usuallyfindthattheopportunitytoparticipateingroupdiscussionsisoneofthemostvaluableaspectsintheirwholeacademicprogramme.Butinordertoobtainfullvaluefromthistypeofactivitythestudentmustbeproficientinaskingquestions.Ifheisn'

t,thenanyattempttoresolvehisdifficultiesmayleadtofurtherconfusion,ifnotconsiderableembarrassment.

Somestudentswhoarenotfluentinthelanguagefindthatintheearlystagesoftheircoursetherearefrequentbreakdownsincommunication.Thereare,ofcourse,manypossibleexplanationsforthis.ThestudentmaynothaveasufficientcommandoverthegrammarandvocabularyofEnglishtoenablehimtoexpresshimselfclearly.Hemay,ontheotherhand,haveapoorpronunciation.Factorssuchasthese,ofcourse,requireurgentandpersistentattentiononthepartofthestudent.Butaveryfrequentcauseofmisunderstandingindiscussionsessionsandonewhichcanmuchmoreeasilybeputright,istheteacher'

suncertaintywhetherhisstudenthas,infact,askedaquestionatall.Whatoftenhappensisasfollows.Thestudent,puzzledaboutaparticularpoint,decidestoaskaquestion.Assooftenhappenswhenunderpressure,hetendstoconcentratemostofhisattentiononthesubjectmatterandhepayspracticallynoattentiontothelanguage.Consequentlyhefailstoemploythecorrectquestionform.Forexample,hemayuseastatementforminstead.Theresultispredictable.Theteacherinterpretstheintendedquestionasacomment.Hetheneitheragreesordisagreeswithit,orhecontinueswithwhathewassayingbefore.

However,evenwhenthestudentdoesemployanappropriatequestionform,difficultiesmaystillarise.Theteachermaynotknow,forexample,whatthesourceofthestudent'

sdifficultyis.Thebasicdifficultymay,infact,beoneoftheseveraldifferenttypes.Itmaylieinthestudent'

slimitedauralperception,inotherwords,thestudentmaynothaveclearlyheardwhatwassaid;

oritmaylieinhisinsufficientlinguisticknowledge,thatistosay,hemaynothaveunderstoodtheEnglishthathisteacheremployed;

oralternatively,itmaylieinhislackofknowledgeofthesubjectmatteritself,i.e.hemaynothaveworkedoutthemeaningofapointinrelationtothespecialsubject.Eachtypeofdifficultyrequiresadifferentkindofquestion.Ifthestudent,forexample,doesnotclearlyspecifythathisdifficultyisthathedidnotquitecatchwhatwassaid,thentheteacherisquitelikelytogiveanexplanationintermsofthesubjectmatter.Allwhatisreallynecessaryinsuchcasesisasimplerepetitionoftheoriginalstatement.

Next,astudentmustensurethathisteacherisclearaboutexactlywhichpointheisreferringto.Toputitinanotherway,thequestionmustbespecific,Inordertobeabsolutelyprecise,itisagoodideaifstudentsprefacetheirquestionswithanintroductorystatement.Theymightsay,forexample,somethinglikethefollowing:

"

Idon'

tunderstandthepointyoumadeatthebeginningofthediscussionaboutcostinflation.Couldyouexplainitagainplease?

"

Theteacherisalwaysinapositiontogiveasatisfactoryanswertothisformofquestionwithoutanywasteoftime.Heknowswhattypeofdifficultythestudenthasoneofsubjectmatter.Heknowswherethedifficultyoccurs—atthebeginningofthediscussion.Andheknowspreciselywhatpointthestudentrefersto—costinflation.

Perhaps,beforeconcluding,onefurtherexamplemaybehelpfulWhenastudentisgiventheopportunitytoaskquestionsonatext,hemustbeparticularlycarefultolocatetheexactpoint.Thus,"

Page3,threelinesfromthetop,theword'

straightforward'

.Wouldyouexplainittomeplease?

isclearlyabetterquestionthantheutteranceandthenatureofthedifficulty.Allthisis,ofcourse,commonsense,butitissurprisinghowoftenstudentsignoreit.

Finally,onepointshouldbementionedbeforeweleavethissubject.Thecorrectuseofthequestionformismoreimportantforanotherreasonthanbasiccommunication.ItisoftennecessarytoemployitBecausenottodosowouldberude.Thenon-nativespeakerisnormallywellawareofthis,butwhenheisnervousandisstrugglingwithnewsubjectmatterinaforeignlanguage,hemaysometimesfindhimselfusingtheimperativeinsteadoftheinterrogativeform.LearnersofEnglishhave,forexample,saidtomesuchthingsas"

Seemeheretomorrow"

or"

Explainthis"

.Fortunately,asIdealtwithnon-nativespeakersandasIunderstandtheirlanguageproblems,Iinterpretthisasinadequacyinthelanguageratherthanrudeness.Otherteachers,however,mayfeelangryatreceivingsuchorders.Itisimportant,therefore,topracticethenecessaryquestionformsinordertoavoidsuchproblems.

grammarandvocabulary）

fail）

appropriate/proper）

source）

introductorystatement）

locate/speakout）

theQuestionForm）

insteadof/ratherthan）

rudeness）

三、SECTIONB（总题数：

5.00）

InthissectionyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Markthecorrectanswertoeachquestiononyouranswersheet.

Questions1to5arebasedonaninterview.AttheendoftheinterviewyouwillbegivenI0secondstoanswereachofthefollowingfivequestions.Nowlistentotheinterview.

Questions1to5arebasedonaninterview.AttheendoftheinterviewyouwillbegivenI0secondstoanswereachofthefollowingfivequestions.Nowlistentotheinterview.（分数：

（1）.AccordingtoSamanthaHeller,peopletendtoeatmilkchocolatebecause（分数：

1.00）

A.itislessbitterthandarkchocolate. 

√

B.itismorehealthythandarkchocolate.

C.ithasspecialflavorwithmanynutrients.

D.itislessexpensivethandarkchocolate.

[听力原文]1-5

M:

Thoughshouldchocolateloverseverywhereberejoicingtoday,SamanthaHellerisacontributingeditorofHealthMagazineandaclinicalnutritionistatNewYorkUniversityMedicalCenter.HeySamantha,goodmorning.

W:

Goodmorning.

Peopletendtodotheoneplusoneequalstwo,andconsiderthingsOK.IjustheardthisnewsandI'

mgoingoutbuyingalotofchocolate.Badidea?

It'

sahadidea.Andthereasonisthatthewayweprocesschocolateinthiscountry—thewaywedilutewithalotofsugarandfattakesoutalotofthehealthycompounds.

AndIambasicallytalkingaboutthatdarkchocolateisgoodforyou.Inthiscountrytherearemorepeoplewhotendtoconsumemilkchocolate.

That'

sright.That'

sdilutedandit'

streatedtotakethebitternessofdarkchocolateout.Andthat'

salsotakingoutthehealthycompoundthat'

sinit.Youcantake,likecocoapowderandmakeyourownhotchocolateandyou'

regettingsomeofthebenefits.

Butyoudon'

tdisputethefactthatthisflavonoidseederfoundinchocolatemaybebeneficialtohealth.

Itmayabsolutelybebeneficialbutwhatwearefindingoutinres