英美国家文化概况Word文档下载推荐.docx

英美国家文化概况Word文档下载推荐.docx

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6.TheWarsoftheRoseswereinthemainagreatcontestforCrownbetweentherivalhousesofYorkandLancaster.

7.QueenMarywasafolloweroftheChurchofEnglandandshewasdeterminedtomakeEnglandonceagainaProtestantcountry.

8.James’son,CharlesI,whosucceededhimin1625,alsothoughtthathisrighttorulewasGod-given.

9.TheestablishmentoftheBritishEastIndiaCompanyin1600wasacaseofeconomicpenetration.

U4

1.Althoughthemonarchdoesnothaveanyrealpower,he（orshe）doeshavegreatinfluence.

2.Britaindoesnothaveawrittenconstitution.

3.EachMemberofParliamentrepresentsaconstituency,andholdshisseatduringthelifeofaParliament.

4.TheHouseofLordsisthesecondchamberwherechangesinlawcanbemade.

5.ThepartywhichwinsthesecondlargestnumberofseatsintheHouseofLordsbecomestheofficialOpposition.

6.MinistersareappointedbytheQueenontherecommendationofthePrimeMinister.

7.ThetwomajorpartiesinBritaintodayaretheConservativePartyandtheLiberalDemocraticParty.

8.MinistersinBritaincannotbeelectedMembersofParliamentatthesametime.

U5

1.AlthoughBritainisaunitarystate,itdoesnothaveasinglelegalsystem.

2.AMagistrates’Courtsitswithajury.

3.InScotland,allappealsareheardbythreeormorejudgesoftheHighCourtofJusticiary.

4.OfficersinGreatBraindonotnormallycarryfirearms.

5.London’sMetropolitanPoliceForceisdirectlyunderthecontroloftheLordChancellor.

6.ThemaincourtsofciviljurisdictioninEnglandandWalesaretheCountyCourts.

7.HouseofLordsisthecourtoflastresortformostinstancesofUKlaw.

8.LordChancelloristhehighestcourtofficerinBritain.

9.Unlessthecasewithwhichanarrestedpersonischargedisveryserious,hewillusuallybegrantedbailifhecannotbebroughtbeforethecourtwithinaday.

10.Ifapersonischargedwithmurder,andhasinsufficientmeans,hemustbegrantedlegalaid.

U6

1.AcenturyagotheBritisheconomywasamongthestrongestintheworld.

2.JohnMaynardKeyneswasaninfluentialAmericaneconomist.

3.AstrongopponentofthepoliciesoftheLaborParty,MargaretThatcherworkedtoincreasegovernmentcontrolovertheBritisheconomy.

4.InBritainserviceindustriesaccountforabouttwo-thirdsofitsgrossdomesticproduct.

5.TheareabetweenLondonandSouthWalesisoftenreferredtoasBritain’s“SiliconGlen”.

6.Britainimportschieflymanufacturedproductsandexportsmostlyrawmaterials.

7.MostoftheUnitedKingdom’stradeiswithotherdevelopedcountries,especiallyothermembersoftheEuropeanUnion.

8.ThevalueofBritain’sexportsofgoodsusuallyexceedsthevalueofitsimports.

9.Today,theCityofLondonisthecentreofLondonwheregovernmentdepartmentsarelocated.

10．ThetradeunionmovementinBritainisbecomingstrongertheseyearsbecauseofchangesinthestructureofemployment.

U7

1.TheNationalHealthService（NHS）providesforeveryresident,regardlessofincome,afullrangeofmedicalservices.

2.TheNationalHealthService（NHS）isnowalargelyfreeservice.

3.Socialservicesauthoritiesgivehelptofamiliesfacingspecialproblems.

4.Socialsecuritybenefitsareincreasedannuallyinlinewithpercentageincreasesinretailprices.

5.GeneralPractitionersreceivefeesbasedonthenumberofindividualswhoregisterwiththemaspatients.

6.InNorthernIreland,theneedsofthoseindifficultyaremetbylocalauthorities,whodrawuponfundsprovidedbytheDepartmentforWorkandPensions（DWP）.

7.EyetestsanddentaltreatmentsinNHShospitalsarefreeofcharge.

8.Personalsocialservicesrefertotheprovisionoffinancialsupportforthepeopleindifficulty.

9.MostBritishpeoplenowliveindetachedhouses.

U8

1.IntheUK,morethanhalfoftheChristiansattendworshiponaregularbasis.

2.ChristianitywasfirstintroducedintoBritainbySt.Augustineinthe6thcentury.

3.UndertheActofSettlement1701,theBritishmonarchisrequiredtobeamemberoftheChurchofEngland.

4.TheSupremeGovernoroftheChurchofEnglandistheArchbishopofCanterbury.

5.CanterburyCathedralisusedfortheCoronationofallBritishMonarchs.

6.In1994thefirstwomenwereordainedaspriestsintheAnglicanChurch.

7.TheChurchofScotlandistheestablishedchurchinScotlandandissubjecttostatecontrol.

8.TheBaptistUnionofGreatBritainisthelargestoftheFreeChurchesinBritain.

9.TheUKhasthesecondlargestJewishcommunityinWesternEurope.

10.SincetheUnitedKingdomguaranteesitscitizensreligiousfreedomwithoutinterferencefromthestateorthecommunity,religioninBritainisseparatedfrompolitics.

U9

1.Parentsarerequiredbylawtoensurethattheirchildrenreceivecompulsoryfull-timeeducationbetweentheageof5and16.

2.MostofthestatesecondaryschoolpopulationinGreatBritainattendscomprehensiveschools.

3.Thankstothe1988EducationReformAct,theUKhassinceprovideduniversalandfreestateprimaryandsecondaryeducation.

4.TheSecretaryofStateforEducationisresponsibleforeducationintheUK.

5.TheDepartmentofEducationandScienceisprimarilyresponsibleforpublicspendingonschools.

6.IntheUK,publicschoolsarepublicly-fundedschools.

7.Universitiesandhighereducationcollegesenjoyacademicfreedom,appointtheirownstaff,awardtheirowndegrees,decidewhichstudentstoadmitandarefinanciallyself-reliant.

8.IntheUK,mostundergraduate（bachelor’s）degreestakethreeyearstocomplete.

9.TheOpenUniversitywasintendedtogiveopportunitiestoadultswhohavebeenunabletotakeconventionalhighereducation.

10.Morethan70BritishcitizenshavebeenawardedtheNobelPrizeinscience,secondonlytotheUnitedStates.

U10

1.PeopleintheUKspendmostoftheirfreetimeinthepub.

2.TheRoyalNationalTheatreoftenperformsinStratford-upon-Avon,Shakespeare’sbirthplace.

3.WiththeemergenceoftheBeatles,theRollingStones,andtheWho,Britishpopularmusicledtheworldfromtheearly1980s.

4.TheBritishLibrary,thenationallibrary,isoneoftheworld’sthreelargest.

5.TheUK’sbiggest-sellingnewspaperisTheTimes.

6.TheChannel4isstate-owned,thoughitoperatesinacommercialway.

7.ThenationalsportoftheUKisrugby.

8.Cricketispopularinallthefourhomenations.

9.GolfwasborninScotland.

10.TennisisthehighestprofilesportforthetwoweeksoftheWimbledonChampionships.

USA

U1

1.TheUnitedStatesstretchesfromtheAtlanticOceaninthewesttothePacificOceanintheeast.

2.TheMississippiriveristhelongestriverintheUnitedStates.

3.TheAppalachianregionisbothcomplicatedandvaried,containingsomeofthehighestmountainsinNorthAmerica,butalsoavastexpanseofintermontanebasins,plateaus,andisolatedranges.

4.WesternWashingtonandOregonreceiveplentyofrainandcentralCaliforniaisnoticeablydrierinwinter.

5.NewEnglandissometimescalledthebirthplaceofAmerica.

6.WashingtonD.C.islocatedintheSouthernStatesRegion.

7.ManySouthernershaveastrongsenseofregionalloyaltyandtakeprideintheSouth’shistoryandtradition.

8.TheMidwesternStatesRegionisavastareaofgenerallyflatlandthatcoversmuchofthecenteroftheUnitedStates.

9.LasVegasandRenostandoutas“Americandreamland”,fortheyprimarilyfindwealththroughthegamblingandentertainmentindustries.

10.Hawaiihasthelargestlandareaofallthestates,andAlaskahasoneofthesmallestlandareas.

U2

1.ThefirstEnglishcolonyinAmericawasfoundedatJamestown,Virginia,in1607.

2.TheearlyBritishsettlersorganizedtheeastcoastofNorthAmericainto17colonies.

3.WhenmanythousandsofSouthernerssawthetriumphofAbrahamLincolninthe1860electionasnotsimplyapoliticaldefeatbutalsoathreattoallsoutherninstitutionsandthesouthernwayoflife,theydecidedtosecedefromtheConfederacy.

4.TheProgressiveMovementwasawell-organized,unifiedmovement,demandinggovernmentregulationofeconomyandsocialcondition.

5.TheStockMarketcollapseoccurredin1928intheUnitedStates.

6.TheMarshallPlanreferstothemilitaryandeconomicaidtoGreeceandTurkeyinthe1950s.

7.NixonwasthesecondPresidentinAmericanhistorywhoresigned.

8.Theblack-whiteracialchasminpost-Civil-Rights-MovementAmericawashighlightedbythesavagebeatingofMartinLutherKingbywhitepoliceofficersin1992.

1.IntheUnitedStates,themajorsourceofpopulationgrowthistherisingbirthrate.

2.IntheUnitedStates,thelargestminoritygroupistheAfrican-Americangroup.

3.IntheUnitedStates,thefastest-growinggroupistheAsian-Americangroup.

4.NativeAmericanshavealowschooldropoutrate