Grid Computing and cloud computingWord下载.docx

Grid Computing and cloud computingWord下载.docx

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DefinitionforCloudcomputing 

∙Alarge-scaledistributedcomputingparadigmthatisdrivenbyeconomiesofscale,inwhichapoolofabstracted,virtualized,dynamically-scalable,managedcomputingpower,storage,platforms,andservicesaredeliveredondemandtoexternalcustomersovertheInternet.（IanFoster）

∙特点：

▪超大规模

▪虚拟化

▪高可扩展性

▪高可靠性

▪按需服务

▪极其廉价

▪通用性

Relation

CloudComputing

∙CloudsandGridssharealotcommonalityintheirvision,architectureandtechnology,buttheyalsodifferinvariousaspectssuchassecurity,programmingmodel,businessmodel,computemodel,datamodel,applications,andabstractions.

oThevisionisthesame

▪reducethecostofcomputing;

▪increasereliability;

▪increaseflexibility.

otheproblemsaremostlythesame

▪managelargefacilities;

▪definemethodsbywhichconsumersdiscover,requestanduseresourcesprovidedbythecentralfacilities;

▪implementtheoftenhighlyparallelcomputationsthatexecuteonthoseresources.

BusinessModel 

∙Traditionalbusinessmodel

osoftwarehasbeenaone-timepaymentforunlimiteduse（usuallyon1computer）ofthesoftware.

∙Cloud-basedbusinessmodel

oacustomerwillpaytheprovideronaconsumptionbasis,suchaselectricity,gas,andwater,reliesoneconomiesofscaleinordertodrivepricesdownforusersandprofitsupforproviders.

∙ThebusinessmodelforGrids

oproject-orientedinwhichtheusersorcommunityrepresentedbythatproposalhavecertainnumberofserviceunits（i.e.CPUhours）theycanspend.

Architecture 

PaaS 

SaaS 

IaaS 

如：

SaleforceonlineCRM服务 

GoogleAppEngine 

AmazonEC2/S3/SQS服务

ResourceManagement 

∙ComputeModel

oGrids：

▪batch-scheduledcomputemodel,don’tnativelysupportinteractiveapplications

oClouds:

▪resourcesbeingsharedbyallusersatthesametime,allowlatencysensitiveapplicationstooperatenatively

∙DataModel

oInternetComputingwillbecentralizedaroundData,CloudingComputing,aswellasClientComputing.

∙Combiningcomputeanddatamanagement

oGrid

▪Data-awareschedulersanddispersingdataclosetoprocessors

oCloud

▪data-intensiveapplicationsarenottypicalapplicationstoday,

▪asthescalesofCloudsgrow,itmayjustbeamatteroftimeformanyClouds

∙Visualization

▪donotrelyonvirtualizationasmuchasCloudsdo,eachindividualorganizationmaintainfullcontroloftheirresources

▪anindispensableingredientforalmosteveryCloud

ProgrammingModel 

∙Grid

oMPI,GlobusTookit,WSRF,CoGetc

∙Cloud

oMapReduce,Sawzall,Hadoopetc

ApplicationModel 

osupportmanydifferentkindsofapplications

▪HPC（highperformancecomputing）

▪HTC（highthroughputcomputing）

oscientificgateways

oinprinciplecatertoasimilarsetofapplications,exceptHPC

oadoptgatewaystoCloudresourcesforend-userinteraction

∙ThebrowserandWeb2.0technologieswillplayacentralroleonhowuserswillinteractwithGridsandCloudsinthefuture.

SecurityModel 

∙Grid：

stricter

osinglesign-on,delegation,privacyetc

∙Cloud:

simpler,lesssecure

ocreateandmanageaccountinformationforend-users,andallowsuserstoresettheirpasswordsandreceivenewpasswordsviaEmailsinanunsafeandunencryptedcommunication.

onewuserscoulduseCloudsrelativelyeasilyandalmostinstantly,withacreditcardand/oremailaddress