高考核心单词短语专项练习A文档格式.docx

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高考核心单词短语专项练习A文档格式.docx

3. 

理解

◆adjust 

v. 

①tograduallybecomefamiliarwithanewsituation适应,习惯;

②tochangeormovesomethingslightlytoimproveitormakeitmoresuitableforaparticularpurpose调整,调节;

③toarrangeyourclothingtomakeyourselflooktidy整理

【常用搭配】

adjustto(doing)sth. 

习惯(做)某事

adjustoneselftosth. 

使某人自己适应某事

adjust...to... 

根据……调节……

adjustable 

可调整的,可调节的

adjustment 

n. 

适应;

调节

1.Duringthosesixmonthsofhospitalizations,Becky,12atthetime, 

adjustedto 

otheradultsbeinginthehousewhenshereturnedfromschool.(浙江2015) 

2.Someschoolswillhavetomake 

adjustments 

inagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.

(江苏2015) 

3.Obviously,studentsareterribleat 

adjusting 

theirsleepcyclestotheirdailyschedule. 

(四川2014) 

习惯 

调整 

◆admit 

①toagreethatsomethingistrue,especiallyunwillingly承认;

②toallowsomeone/somethingtoenteraplace 

准许……进入;

③toallowsomeonetobecomeamemberofaclub,anorganization,oraschool 

准许加入(俱乐部、组织),接收入学;

④toallowsomeonetoenterahospitalbecausetheyneedmedicalcare接收入院,收治

admit(to)doingsth. 

承认做过某事

admit...to/into... 

准许……加入……

admit(that)... 

承认

admitof 

容许,有……可能

admission 

允许进入;

入场费;

admittedly 

adv. 

(尤用于句首)诚然,无可否认

1.SheaskedmewhetherIhadreturnedthebookstothelibrary,andI 

admitted 

thatIhadn’t.(天津2017) 

2.Englishisadynamiclanguagethat 

admits 

newwordsandrecognizeschangesinmeaning,spelling,andusageoffamiliarwords.

(湖南2015) 

3. 

Admittedly,thosemightyforcesarespiritualones. 

(天津2015) 

4.Nowthere’stalkabouthowtosolvetheseproblems,likeraisinghoteltaxes,orevencharging 

tosomepublicsquares.(陕西2014) 

5.Last 

isat5:

00pm,onehourbeforeclosing. 

(北京2014) 

6.Itwassopopularthatitsurvivedlongafterwomenwere 

asfullstudentstoStAndrewsin1892. 

(湖北2012) 

________________

承认 

准许……进入 

无可否认

4. 

入场费 

5. 

允许进入 

 

6. 

接收入学

◆affordv.①tohaveenoughmoneyortimetobeabletobuyortodosth.买得起,(有时间)能做;

②ifyoucannotaffordtodosomething,youmustnotdoitbecauseitcouldcauseseriousproblemsforyou承担得起(后果);

③toprovidesomeonewithsomething提供,给予

affordtodosth. 

有(时间、经济等)条件做某事

affordsb.sth. 

给予某人某物

【拓展】affordable 

负担得起的

1.Itwasalsomuchmorethanwecould 

afford,butfarlessthantheoriginalaskingprice.(天津2015) 

2.TVEarshashelpedthousandsofpeoplewithvariousdegreesofhearinglosshearthetelevisionclearlywithoutturningupthevolume(音量)andnowit’sbetterandmore 

affordablethanever!

(北京2015) 

3.Thedivingspots 

afforded 

suchawidearrayoffishandseacreaturesthatLarrysawmorethanthirtyvarietiesofcreatures. 

(江西2014) 

买得起 

负担得起的 

提供

◆allow 

①toletsomeonedosomething,orletsomethinghappen 

允许,准许;

②toletsomeonehavesomething 

给予;

③toletsomeone/somethinggointo,through,outof,etc.aplace允许(进入、通过、走出);

④tomakeitpossibleforsomethingtohappenorforsomeonetodosomething,especiallysomethinghelpfuloruseful 

使可能

allowsb.todosth. 

允许某人做某事

allowfor 

考虑到,估计到,把……计算在内

allowof 

容许,使有可能

1.Butduringthepastdecadedecliningrainfallhas 

allowed 

himtoplanthighlyprofitablecrops. 

(江苏2017) 

2.Manyairlinesnow 

allow 

passengerstoprinttheirboardingpassesonlinetosavetheirvaluabletime.(北京2017) 

3.Itemsthatarenot 

instudentroomsinclude:

candles,ceilingfans,fireworks,waterbeds,sunlampsandwirelessrouters.(天津2015) 

使可能 

允许 

允许

◆appear 

①togivetheimpressionofbeingordoingsomething 

看来,似乎;

②tostarttobeseen 

出现,显现;

③tobegintoexist 

起源,出现;

④tobepublishedorbroadcast 

刊登,广播;

⑤totakepartinafilm,play,televisionprogramme,etc. 

演出

appeartobesth. 

似乎是……

Itappears(that)... 

看来……

disappear 

消失,不见

appearance 

外貌,外观;

出现,起源;

演出;

(尤指突然的)到来;

出版,广播

1.Andthe 

ofnew-borngiantssuggeststhatnewcomerscanmakewaves,too.(江苏2017) 

2....theseinstincts(本能) 

appear 

ataveryyoungagebeforemostparentshavestartedtotraintheirchildrentobehavesocially. 

(江苏2016) 

3....shemustbeoneofthoseone-hitwondersthatspringupfromtimetotime,onlytodisappear 

againwithoutsigns. 

4.Itsdifficulties 

sogreatthat,howeverhardwework,wefailagainandagain. 

(天津2016) 

5.TheShardhascompletelychangedthe 

ofLondon. 

(湖北2014)________________

出现 

显现 

消失 

4. 

看来 

外观

◆apply 

v.①tomakeaformalrequest,usuallywritten,forsomething申请;

②tousesomethinginaparticularsituation,activity,orprocess应用,运用;

③toaffectorconcernaparticularperson,group,orsituation适用,有效;

④toputorspreadsomethingsuchaspaint,liquid,ormedicineontoasurface敷,涂,贴

apply(to...)for...(向……)申请……

applyto 

适用于

apply...to... 

把……应用到/涂抹到……上

applyoneselfto 

专心从事,埋头于

applicant 

申请人

application 

申请;

应用

1.ATorontomanisofferingafreeround-the-worldairtickettotherightwoman.Butrestrictions 

apply.YoumustbenamedElizabethGallagherandhaveaCanadianpassport.(2017全国卷III) 

2.Taylorwill 

apply 

tocollegesoon.Shewantstobeanurse. 

(北京2017)________________

3.LaterIdecidedto 

mypreviousexperiencetolearninghowtoreadandwrite. 

4.Ayearago,whenIwasawaitingtoheartheresultsofmycollege 

applications,Ioftenwenttowebsitesforsometypeofinsiderlookonwhatcollegewouldbelike. 

(浙江2016)________________

5.Thegap-yearphenomenonoriginated(起源)withthemonthsleftovertoOxbridgeapplicants 

betweenentranceexamsinNovemberandthestartofthenextacademicyear.(2015全国卷II) 

6.Thesehealthbenefits 

theworkplaceaswell. 

(浙江2014) 

适用 

2. 

申请 

应用,运用

5. 

申请人 

6. 

◆attack 

①anactofusingviolencetotrytohurtapersonordamageaplace攻击;

②strong 

criticismofsomeoneorsomethinginspeechorinwriting抨击;

③asudden,shortperiodofillness,usuallysevere,especiallyanillnessthatyouhaveoften(疾病的)发作

v.①touseviolencetotrytohurtapersonordamageaplace攻击;

②tocriticizesomeoneorsomethingseverely抨击;

③tohaveaharmfuleffectonsomething侵袭,损害;

④todealwithsomethingwithalotofenergyanddetermination全力对付

be/comeunderattack 

受到攻击

attacksb.withsth. 

用某物袭击某人

attacksb.for(doing)sth. 

因为(做)某事而抨击某人

【拓展】attacker 

攻击者,袭击者

1....theanimal...wasbyhissideagain.Thenit 

attacked 

thebackofMac’sbike,tearingopenhistentbag. 

(浙江2017) 

_______________

2.Whenaleafyplantis 

underattack,itdoesn’tsitquietly. 

(2017全国卷II)________________

3.Theypumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestothe 

attackers. 

(2017全国卷II) 

4.Infact,womenarelesslikelytohavehighbloodpressureortodiefromheart 

attacks. 

(四川2016) 

攻击 

受到攻击 

攻击者 

发作

◆average 

①calculatedbyaddingagroupofnumberstogetheranddividingthetotalbytheamountofnumbers平均的;

②typicalornormal典型的,正常的,普通的;

③neitherverygoodnorverybad平常的,一般的

n.①theamountcalculatedbyaddingtogetherseveralquantities,andthendividingthisamountbythetotalnumberofquantities平均数;

②theusualleveloramountformostpeopleorthings平均水平,一般水准

v.①tobeequaltoaparticularamountasanaverage平均为;

②tocalculatetheaverageoffigures计算出……的平均数

on(the/an)average 

平均起来,一般说来

above/belowaverage 

高于/低于平均水平

average(...)outat 

平均数为,计算出……的平均数为

1.Freddywasan 

average 

student,butnotanaverageperson. 

2.In1900,peoplediedatthe 

ageof30.(江苏2017) 

3.Thecommoncoldisagoodexample:

women,onaverage,getfewercoldsthanmen. 

4.Menlosean 

of3-4cminheightastheyage,whilewomenmaylose5cmormore.(浙江2013) 

5.Thecafé

now 

averages 

65to70customers(andeightvolunteers)aday. 

(辽宁2012)________________

平常的,一般的 

平均的 

一般说来,女性比男性得感冒少

平均水平 

平均为

add短语

◆addin 

toincludesomethingwithsomethingelse 

加进去

◆addto 

tomakeafeelingorqualitystrongerandmorenoticeable 

增加,加强

◆addup①tocalculatethetotalofseveralnumbers把……加起来;

②ifasetoffactsdoesnotaddup,youdonotbelieveitiscorrectbecauseitdoesnotmatchotherinformationyouhavealready 

合乎情理;

③tograduallyincrease 

积少成多

◆addup 

to 

①tobecomeaparticularamount 

合计达;

②tocombinetoproduceaparticularresu

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