初中复合句Word下载.docx
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Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.
4.下列结构后面的从句一般也作为宾语从句看待:
besorry/afraid/sure/glad+that从句,如:
I’msorryI’mlate.I’mafraidheisn’tinatthemoment.
二.宾语从句的语序
无论主句是什么句式,宾语从句必须是陈述句语序。
Ithink(that)youwilllikethisschoolsoon.
Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.
Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhavethemeeting.
三.宾语从句的时态
1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时或一般将来时,宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。
如:
Ihear(that)physicsisn’teasy.
CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?
2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时)。
Heaskedwhattimeitwas.
Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.
HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.
HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soonafterhegraduatedfromthecollege.
3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理、自然现象、科学原理或格言警句,其时态常用一般现在时。
OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.
heteacheraskedtheboyiftheearthisround.
四.其它注意事项
1.宾语从句的变换步骤:
(1).确定引导词:
that(陈述句)if/whether(一般疑问句)what/when等(殊疑问句)
(2).时态一致:
如果主句是一般将来时或一般现在时,从句时态保持不变.如果主句是一般过去时,时态必须一致,即用过去的相应时态,客观真理除外.
3).转换语序:
三大动词与主语颠倒位置,do/does/did去掉,谓语作相应变化.
2.当主句的主语是第一人称I/we,谓语动词是think,believe,suppose等时,其后的that宾语从句如果表示否定意义,not应否定主句谓语,这叫“否定前移”。
例如:
Idon’tthinkheisright.Idon’tbelievehewillcome.另外,要注意:
这种句子变否定句和一般疑问句时变主句,但完成反义疑问句时要看从句。
3.宾语从句与简单句的转换:
由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句,当从句主语与主句主语一致时,宾语从句常简化为“疑问词+动词不定式”。
Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonext.↔Idon’tknowwhattodonext.
4.if,whether辨析:
if和whether都可作“是否”讲,在引导宾语从句时一般可互换。
但有些情况例外。
在下列情况下,只能用whether,不能用if:
1)引导主语从句和表语从句时。
Whetherhewillcometothepartyisunknown.
ThequestioniswhetherIcanpasstheexam.
2)引导词与动词不定式或ornot连用时。
Ihaven’tmadeupmymindwhethertogothereornot.Couldyoutellmewhetheryougoornot?
3)当从句做介词的宾语时只用whether不用if
Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe’llgoonthepinic.
4)if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句,这时不能用whether.例如:
Youcan’tworkouttheplanoutifyoudon’thavethemeeting.
【中考实战演练】
一.单项填空
()1.Idon'
tknowifit___tomorrow.Ifit___,Iwillnotgofishing.A.rains;
rainsB.rain;
willrain
C.willrain;
rainsD.willrain;
()2.Couldyoutellme_________?
A.wheredoesLiLeiworkB.wheredidLiLeiwork
C.whereLiLeiworksD.whereLiLeiworked
()3.Shesaid____shewouldleavethemessageontheheadmaster'
sdesk.
A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when
()4.Theteachertoldusthatthemoon______roundtheearth.A.wentB.travelsC.turnedD.went
()5.Wouldyoupleasetellme________?
A.whendidhecomehome
B.wherehewouldplayfootball
C.ifhehadseenthefilm
D.whyhedidn’twatchthegame
()6.Doyouknow_______duringthecomingsummerholiday?
A.whatwillTomdoB.whatdidTomdo
C.whatTomwilldoD.whatTomdid
()7.Iwanttoknow_________.
A.whatishisnameB.what’shisname
C.thathisnameisD.whathisnameis
()8.Doyouknow________Icouldpasstheexam?
A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.which
()9.Doyouknow________?
I’mnotsure.Maybeheisadoctor.A.whoheisB.whoishe
C.whathedoesD.whatdoeshedo
()10.Theteachertoldusthatthesun___intheeast.
A.riseB.risesC.roseD.willrise
()11.---Couldyoutellme_________theBambooGarden?
---Thedayaftertomorrow,Ithink.
A.whenwillyouvisitB.whenyouwillvisit
C.whenwouldyouvisitD.whenyouwouldvisit
()12.Wouldyoupleasetellme_________next,MrWang?
A.whatshouldwedoB.weshoulddowhat
C.whatweshoulddoD.shouldwedowhat
()13.---Couldyoutellme____________?
---Sorry,Idon’tknow.Iwasnotatthemeeting.
A.whatdoeshesayatthemeeting
B.whatdidhesayatthemeeting
C.whathesaysatthemeeting
D.whathesaidatthemeeting
()14.---Couldyoutellme_________lastnight?
---Er,IwaswatchingEuro2004athome.
A.whatyouweredoingB.whatwereyoudoing
C.whatyouaredoingD.whatareyoudoing
()15.Everymorningthepatientsareaskedif________theirtemperaturetaken.
A.theyhadhadB.havetheyhad
C.theyhavehadD.hadtheyhad
()16.Couldyoutellme_______?
A.whatthematteriswithyouB.whatwasthematterwithyouC.What’sthematterwithyou
D.what’sthewrongwithyou.
()17.Iamsure_______yousaidistrue.
A.whatB.thatC.whichD.who
()18.Theoldmantoldus_______and________.
A.todowhat,todohowB.whattodoit,howtodoit
C.whattodo,howtodoitD.whattodo,howtodo
()19.Idon’tremember________heworkedinthatcitywhenhewasyoung.
A.whatB.whichC.whereD.who
()20.Thephotographwillshowyou________.
A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike
二.句型转换:
1.Whendoesthetrainarrive?
Couldyoutellme?
Couldyoutellme_____thetrain_________.
2.Ithinkhewillcomeinaweek.(否定句)
I_______thinkhe______comeinaweek.
3.IreallyknowwhichoneIshouldchoose.
Ireallydon'
tknowwhichone_____________.
4.DoesMrs.Brownenjoylivinghere?
Couldyoutellme?
(宾语从句)Couldyoutellme____Mrs.Brown______livinghere?
5.Jimcan’tdecidewhatheshoulddonext.(同义句)
Jimcan’tdecidewhat_______next.
6.IthinkhehasbeentoBeijingbefore,____________?
7.Idon’tthinkhewillcometomorrow,____________?
8.Theyaren’tright.Ithink(合成一句)I______thinkthey_____right.
9.Ithinkheisright.(同义句)
I_____thinkhe_____wrong.
10.Wefoundhimagoodpupil.
Wefound____________________agoodpupil.
11.Hisgrandfatherdiedtenyearsago.It____tenyears___hisgrandfather______.
12.WasthewatchmadeinShanghai?
Idon'
tknow.(改为宾语从句)Idon'
tknow_______thewatch_______madeinShanghai.
13.Lucyhasn'
tdecidedwhichtrouserstobuy.(改为复合句)Lucyhasn'
tdecided________________________________buy.
14.Idon'
tknowhowIcangettothehospital.(改为简单句)Idon'
tknow________________________tothehospital.
15.Tom'
sfathersawhimsittingonsomeeggs.(改为复合句)Tom'
sfathersaw________________________sittingonsomeeggs.
二.根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子
1.我认为玛丽不回来了。
Idon’tthinkMary____________.
2.山姆给我说他准备去上海。
Samtoldmethathe______________forShanghai.
3.父亲说他买了一台新电脑。
Fathersaidthathe________________anewcomputer..
4.叔叔说他正在写一本新小说。
Unclesaidthathe_____________anewnovel.
5.杰克说他有重要事情要做。
Jacksaidhe_______somethingimportanttodo.
二.改错题:
1.Canyoutellmeifhewillcomeornottomorrow?
ABCD
()_________
2.CouldyoutellmehowcanIgetthere?
ABCD
()____________
直接引语如何变为间接引语
1.直接引语是陈述句:
变为间接引语时,用连接词that引导(that在口语中常常省略),主句中谓语saidtosb.要改为toldsb.例如:
“I'
llgotoyourfarmtomorrow”,hesaidtoher.→Hetoldherthathewouldgotoherfarmthenextday.
巧记顺口溜:
取掉引号加that,人称变化要灵活,时态向后退一步,状语变化按规则。
2.直接引语是一般疑问句:
变为间接引语时,用连接词if/whether引导,saidto要改为asked,没有间接宾语可以加一个。
Hesaid,“AreyouinterestedinEnglish?
”→HeaskedmeifIwasinterestedinEnglish.
取掉引号加if,陈述语序要记住,时态人称和状语,小心变化别马虎。
3.直接引语是特殊疑问句:
变为间接引语时,用它本身的疑问词引导。
“Whatdoyouwant?
heaskedme→HeaskedmewhatIwanted.
疑问词引导,陈述莫忘记,小心助动词,弃它最重要。
4.直接引语是祈使句:
变为间接引语时,句子的谓语动词要选用含有祈使句意义的动词,如tell,ask,order等,引语的动词改为不定式。
如果祈使句是否定式,在动词不定式前加not.例如:
“Stoptalking”themonitorsaidtotheclass.→Themonitortoldtheclasstostoptalking.
“Don'
ttakeoffyourcoat”shesaidtohersister.→Shetoldhersisternottotakeoffhercoat.
取掉引号要加to,tell/ask要记住,直引若是否定式,not加在to前部。
直接引语变为间接引语的注意事项:
1.人称变化:
一主二宾三不变
2.时态变化:
如果主句是一般现在时或一般将来时,则从句可以用任何时态;
如果主句是一般过去时,则从句用相应的过去的某个时态。
如果所述的是科学真理、客观事实、格言等,间接引语中的时态无须改变。
3.指示代词:
this→thatthese→those
4.时间状语:
now→thentoday→thatdayyesterday→thedaybeforeago→beforetomorrow→thenextdaynextweek→thenextweek
5.地点状语:
here→there
6.动词:
come→gobring→take
一、根据上句完成下句,每空一词,意思不能改变。
1.“Howareyoufeelingnow?
”ThedoctoraskedTom.(改为间接引语)
ThedoctoraskedTomhow______feelingthen.
2.Mothersaidtome,“Don’tgoaloneatnight.”(改为简单句)Mothertoldme_________goaloneatnight.
3.“Iwillringyouuptomorrow”Hesaidtome.(间接引语)He_____mehe______ringmeupthenextday.
4.Shesaid,“IhavebeentoBeijingtwice”
Shesaidthat__________beentoBeijingtwice.
5.Hesaid,“DidyouseeTomlastnight?
”Heaskedme_____I___________Tom______night______.
6.“Lighttravelsfasterthansound”Theteachersaid.
Theteachersaidthatlight____fasterthansound.
7.JohnaskedifIunderstoodwhatthemanwassaying.
Johnasked,“_______you________whattheman________saying.
8.Sheaskedwhenthesportsmeetingwouldbegin.
Sheasked,“_____________thesportsmeeting_____?
”
9.FathertoldJoannottobelateforthemeeting.
Fathersaid,“_____________lateforthemeeting,please.”
10.“Iwillcomeherethisevening”shesaid.
Shesaidthat____________evening.
状语从句
【名师点睛】
用来修饰主句中的动词,副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。
根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句,地点状语从句,条件状语从句,原因状语从句,结果状语从句,比较状语从句,目的状语从句,让步状语从句。
1.时间状语从句
(1)时间状语从句常用由when,before,after(通常可转换为not...until),since(自从...以来,时态为主现从过)assoonas(一...就,时态为主将从现,when,until,after,before也有此用法),until/till